QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022
OR
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-36290
MALIBU BOATS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
5075 Kimberly Way, Loudon, Tennessee37774
46-4024640
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
(865) 458-5478
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01
MBUU
Nasdaq Global Select Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”
“smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
Large Accelerated Filer
☑
Accelerated filer
☐
Non-accelerated filer
☐
Smaller reporting company
☐
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes
☐
No
☑
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01, outstanding as of May 6, 2022:
20,503,058
shares
Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01, outstanding as of May 6, 2022:
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on us; demand for our products and expected industry trends, our business strategy and plans, our prospective products or products under development, our vertical integration initiatives, our acquisition strategy and management’s objectives for future operations. In particular, many of the statements under the heading “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” constitute forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” the negative of these terms, or by other similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes to identify these forward-looking statements. These statements are only predictions, involving known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to: the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on us; our ability to execute our manufacturing strategy successfully; our large fixed cost base; increases in the cost of, or unavailability of, raw materials, component parts and transportation costs; disruptions in our suppliers’ operations; our reliance on third-party suppliers for raw materials and components and any interruption of our informal supply arrangements; our reliance on certain suppliers for our engines and outboard motors; our ability to meet our manufacturing workforce needs; exposure to workers' compensation claims and other workplace liabilities; our ability to grow our business through acquisitions and integrate such acquisitions to fully realize their expected benefits; our growth strategy which may require us to secure significant additional capital; our ability to protect our intellectual property; disruptions to our network and information systems; our success at developing and implementing a new enterprise resource planning system; risks inherent in operating in foreign jurisdictions; a natural disaster, global pandemic or other disruption at our manufacturing facilities; increases in income tax rates or changes in income tax laws; our dependence on key personnel; general industry, economic and business conditions; our ability to enhance existing products and market new or enhanced products; the continued strength of our brands; the seasonality of our business; intense competition within our industry; increased consumer preference for used boats or the supply of new boats by competitors in excess of demand; competition with other activities for consumers’ scarce leisure time; changes in currency exchange rates; an increase in energy and fuel costs; our reliance on our network of independent dealers and increasing competition for dealers; the financial health of our dealers and their continued access to financing; our obligation to repurchase inventory of certain dealers; our exposure to claims for product liability and warranty claims; changes to U.S. trade policy, tariffs and import/export regulations; any failure to comply with laws and regulations including environmental, workplace safety and other regulatory requirements; our holding company structure; covenants in our credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility and term loan which may limit our operating flexibility; our variable rate indebtedness which subjects us to interest rate risk; our obligation to make certain payments under a tax receivables agreement; and any failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls or procedures. We discuss many of these factors, risks and uncertainties in greater detail under the heading “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 26, 2021, as such disclosures may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including subsequent annual reports on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.
You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements for various reasons. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this Form 10-Q to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations.
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 20,503,058 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2022; 20,847,019 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021
203
207
Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 10 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2022; 10 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2021
—
—
Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 25,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2021
—
—
Additional paid in capital
85,568
111,308
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(1,625)
(1,639)
Accumulated earnings
373,265
263,552
Total stockholders' equity attributable to Malibu Boats, Inc.
457,411
373,428
Non-controlling interest
9,728
7,726
Total stockholders’ equity
467,139
381,154
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
823,960
$
742,784
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Dollars in thousands, except per unit and per share data)
1. Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization
Malibu Boats, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company” or "Malibu"), a Delaware corporation formed on November 1, 2013, is the sole managing member of Malibu Boats Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "LLC"). The Company operates and controls all of the LLC's business and affairs and, therefore, pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 810, Consolidation, consolidates the financial results of the LLC and its subsidiaries, and records a non-controlling interest for the economic interest in the Company held by the non-controlling holders of units in the LLC ("LLC Units"). The LLC was formed in 2006. The LLC, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Malibu Boats, LLC, (“Boats LLC”), is engaged in the design, engineering, manufacturing and marketing of innovative, high-quality, recreational powerboats that are sold through a world-wide network of independent dealers. The Company sells its boats under eight brands -- Malibu, Axis, Pursuit, Maverick, Cobia, Pathfinder, Hewes and Cobalt brands. The Company reports its results of operations under three reportable segments -- Malibu, Saltwater Fishing and Cobalt.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim condensed financial statements and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all information and disclosures of results of operations, financial position and changes in cash flow in conformity with GAAP for complete financial statements. Such statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of Malibu and subsidiaries for the year ended June 30, 2021, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Units and shares are presented as whole numbers while all dollar amounts are presented in thousands, unless otherwise noted.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the operations and accounts of the Company and all subsidiaries thereof. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides practical expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The elective amendments provide expedients to contract modification, affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The expedients and exceptions provided by this guidance apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference the London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued as a result of reference rate reform. This guidance is not applicable to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022. The guidance can be applied immediately through December 31, 2022. The Company will adopt this standard when LIBOR is discontinued and does not expect a material impact to its financial condition, results of operations or disclosures based on the current debt portfolio and capital structure.
There are no other new accounting pronouncements that are expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
The following tables disaggregate the Company's revenue by major product type and geography:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2022
Malibu
Saltwater Fishing
Cobalt
Consolidated
Malibu
Saltwater Fishing
Cobalt
Consolidated
Revenue by product:
Boat and trailer sales
$
174,377
$
93,435
$
71,213
$
339,025
$
418,339
$
244,856
$
183,713
$
846,908
Part and other sales
4,443
224
595
5,262
12,186
771
1,806
14,763
Total revenue
$
178,820
$
93,659
$
71,808
$
344,287
$
430,525
$
245,627
$
185,519
$
861,671
Revenue by geography:
North America
$
165,499
$
93,004
$
70,172
$
328,675
$
383,991
$
240,919
$
176,612
$
801,522
International
13,321
655
1,636
15,612
46,534
4,708
8,907
60,149
Total revenue
$
178,820
$
93,659
$
71,808
$
344,287
$
430,525
$
245,627
$
185,519
$
861,671
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2021
Malibu
Saltwater Fishing
Cobalt
Consolidated
Malibu
Saltwater Fishing
Cobalt
Consolidated
Revenue by product:
Boat and trailer sales
$
133,349
$
79,510
$
54,585
$
267,444
$
333,030
$
155,336
$
144,922
$
633,288
Part and other sales
4,678
379
661
5,718
13,445
776
2,284
16,505
Total revenue
$
138,027
$
79,889
$
55,246
$
273,162
$
346,475
$
156,112
$
147,206
$
649,793
Revenue by geography:
North America
$
119,936
$
76,429
$
52,256
$
248,621
$
314,096
$
149,020
$
141,405
$
604,521
International
18,091
3,460
2,990
24,541
32,379
7,092
5,801
45,272
Total revenue
$
138,027
$
79,889
$
55,246
$
273,162
$
346,475
$
156,112
$
147,206
$
649,793
Boat and Trailer Sales
Consists of sales of boats and trailers to the Company's dealer network, net of sales returns, discounts, rebates and free flooring incentives. Boat and trailer sales also includes optional boat features. Sales returns consist of boats returned by dealers under our warranty program. Rebates, free flooring and discounts are incentives that the Company provides to its dealers based on sales of eligible products.
Parts and Other Sales
Consists primarily of parts and accessories sales, royalty income and clothing sales. Parts and accessories sales include replacement and aftermarket boat parts and accessories sold to the Company's dealer network. Royalty income is earned from license agreements with various boat manufacturers, including Nautique, Chaparral, Mastercraft, and Tige related to the use of the Company's intellectual property.
3. Non-controlling Interest
The non-controlling interest on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income represents the portion of earnings or loss attributable to the economic interest in the Company's subsidiary, the LLC, held by the non-controlling LLC Unit holders. Non-controlling interest on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets represents the portion of net assets of the Company attributable to the non-controlling LLC Unit holders, based
on the portion of the LLC Units owned by such Unit holders. The ownership of the LLC is summarized as follows:
As of March 31, 2022
As of June 30, 2021
Units
Ownership %
Units
Ownership %
Non-controlling LLC Unit holders ownership in Malibu Boats Holdings, LLC
600,919
2.8
%
600,919
2.8
%
Malibu Boats, Inc. ownership in Malibu Boats Holdings, LLC
20,503,058
97.2
20,847,019
97.2
21,103,977
100.0
%
21,447,938
100.0
%
Issuance of Additional LLC Units
Under the first amended and restated limited liability company agreement of the LLC, as amended (the "LLC Agreement"), the Company is required to cause the LLC to issue additional LLC Units to the Company when the Company issues additional shares of Class A Common Stock. Other than in connection with the issuance of Class A Common Stock in connection with an equity incentive program, the Company must contribute to the LLC net proceeds and property, if any, received by the Company with respect to the issuance of such additional shares of Class A Common Stock. The Company must cause the LLC to issue a number of LLC Units equal to the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issued such that, at all times, the number of LLC Units held by the Company equals the number of outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock. During the nine months ended March 31, 2022, the Company caused the LLC to issue a total of 148,114 LLC Units to the Company in connection with (i) the Company's issuance of Class A Common Stock to a non-employee director for her services, (ii) the issuance of Class A Common Stock for the vesting of awards granted under the Malibu Boats, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "Incentive Plan"), (iii) the issuance of restricted Class A Common Stock granted under the Incentive Plan and (iv) the issuance of Class A Common Stock for the exercise of options granted under the Incentive Plan. During the nine months ended March 31, 2022, 16,932 LLC Units were canceled in connection with the vesting of share-based equity awards to satisfy employee tax withholding requirements and the retirement of 16,932 treasury shares in accordance with the LLC Agreement. Also during the nine months ended March 31, 2022, 475,143 LLC Units were redeemed and canceled by the LLC in connection with the purchase and retirement of 475,143 treasury shares under the Company's stock repurchase program.
Distributions and Other Payments to Non-controlling Unit Holders
Distributions for Taxes
As a limited liability company (treated as a partnership for income tax purposes), the LLC does not incur significant federal, state or local income taxes, as these taxes are primarily the obligations of its members. As authorized by the LLC Agreement, the LLC is required to distribute cash, to the extent that the LLC has cash available, on a pro rata basis, to its members to the extent necessary to cover the members’ tax liabilities, if any, with respect to their share of LLC earnings. The LLC makes such tax distributions to its members based on an estimated tax rate and projections of taxable income. If the actual taxable income of the LLC multiplied by the estimated tax rate exceeds the tax distributions made in a calendar year, the LLC may make true-up distributions to its members, if cash or borrowings are available for such purposes. As of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2021, tax distributions payable to non-controlling LLC Unit holders were $1,021 and $687, respectively. During the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, tax distributions paid to the non-controlling LLC Unit holders were $1,697 and $1,048, respectively.
Other Distributions
Pursuant to the LLC Agreement, the Company has the right to determine when distributions will be made to LLC members and the amount of any such distributions. If the Company authorizes a distribution, such distribution will be made to the members of the LLC (including the Company) pro rata in accordance with the percentages of their respective LLC Units.
4.Acquisitions
Acquisition of Certain Assets of AmTech, LLC and BTR, LLC
On February 1, 2022, Malibu Electronics, LLC, a newly-formed, wholly-owned, direct subsidiary of Boats LLC, entered into an asset purchase agreement to acquire certain assets of AmTech, LLC, an Alabama limited liability company, and real property of BTR, LLC, an Alabama limited liability company. Boats LLC acquired the assets related to the manufacturing and distribution of wiring harnesses that had previously been sold by Amtech, LLC to Boats LLC and its subsidiaries. The acquisition continues the vertical integration strategy of the Company by acquiring its primary supplier of wiring harnesses for Malibu and Axis boats. The Company accounted for the transaction in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations.
On December 31, 2020, the Company completed its acquisition of all the outstanding stock of Maverick Boat Group. The aggregate purchase price for the transaction was $150,675, funded with cash and borrowings under the Company's credit facilities. The aggregate purchase price was subject to certain adjustments, including customary adjustments for the amount of cash, indebtedness and working capital in the business at the closing date and subject to adjustment for certain capital expenditures made by Maverick Boat Group prior to closing at the Company’s request. The Company accounted for the transaction in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations.
The total consideration given to the stockholders of Maverick Boat Group has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimates of fair value as of the date of the acquisition. The measurements of fair value were determined based upon estimates utilizing the assistance of third party valuation specialists.
The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation based on the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:
Consideration:
Cash consideration paid
$
150,675
Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and (liabilities assumed), at fair value:
Cash
$
248
Accounts receivable
3,204
Inventories
7,756
Other current assets
194
Property, plant and equipment
22,618
Identifiable intangible assets
102,600
Other assets
4,410
Current liabilities
(6,611)
Deferred tax liabilities
(28,528)
Other liabilities
(4,405)
Fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed
101,486
Goodwill
49,189
Total purchase price
$
150,675
The fair value estimates for the Company's identifiable intangible assets acquired as part of the acquisition are as follows:
Estimates of Fair Value
Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Definite-lived intangibles:
Dealer relationships
$
47,900
20
Total definite-lived intangibles
47,900
Indefinite-lived intangible:
Trade name
54,700
Total other intangible assets
$
102,600
The value allocated to inventories reflects the estimated fair value of the acquired inventory based on the expected sales price of the inventory, less an estimated cost to complete and a reasonable profit margin. The fair value of the identifiable intangible assets were determined based on the following approaches:
Dealer Relationships - The value associated with Maverick Boat Group's dealer relationships is attributed to its long standing dealer distribution network. The estimate of fair value assigned to this asset was determined using the income approach, which requires an estimate or forecast of the expected future cash flows from the dealer relationships through the application of the multi-period excess earnings approach. The estimated remaining useful life of dealer relationships is approximately twenty years.
Trade Name - The value attributed to Maverick Boat Group's trade names was determined using a variation of the income approach called the relief from royalty method, which requires an estimate or forecast of the expected future cash flows. The trade name has an indefinite life.
The fair value of the definite-lived intangible assets are being amortized using the straight-line method to amortization expenses over their estimated useful lives. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but instead are evaluated for potential impairment on an annual basis in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other. The weighted-average useful life of identifiable definite-lived intangible assets acquired was 20 years. Goodwill of $49,189 arising from the acquisition consists of expected synergies and cost savings as well as intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition.
Pro Forma Financial Information (unaudited):
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, assumes that the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group occurred as of July 1, 2020. The unaudited interim pro forma financial information combines historical results of Malibu and Maverick Boat Group, with adjustments for interest on debt financing, depreciation and amortization attributable to fair value estimates on acquired tangible and intangible assets for the respective periods. Non-recurring pro forma adjustments associated with the fair value step up of inventory were included in the reported pro forma cost of sales and earnings. The unaudited interim pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at the beginning of fiscal year 2021 or the results that may occur in the future:
Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following:
As of March 31, 2022
As of June 30, 2021
Land
$
4,905
$
4,600
Building and leasehold improvements
78,654
74,622
Machinery and equipment
77,592
66,792
Furniture and fixtures
10,211
9,600
Construction in process
45,876
22,005
217,238
177,619
Less: Accumulated depreciation
(56,460)
(44,706)
Property, plant and equipment, net
$
160,778
$
132,913
Depreciation expense was $4,848 and $4,130 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $14,379 and $11,215 for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 substantially all of which was recorded in cost of sales.
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 were as follows:
Malibu
Saltwater Fishing
Cobalt
Consolidated
Goodwill as of June 30, 2021
$
12,528
$
68,714
$
19,791
$
101,033
Addition related to the acquisition
329
—
—
329
Effect of foreign currency changes on goodwill
(15)
—
—
(15)
Goodwill as of March 31, 2022
$
12,842
$
68,714
$
19,791
$
101,347
The components of other intangible assets were as follows:
As of March 31, 2022
As of June 30, 2021
Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)
Definite-lived intangibles:
Dealer relationships
$
131,997
$
159,394
15-20
16.8
Patent
2,600
3,986
15
10.3
Trade name
100
24,667
15
8.2
Non-compete agreement
52
53
10
2.6
Total
134,749
188,100
Less: Accumulated amortization
(22,849)
(70,937)
Total definite-lived intangible assets, net
111,900
117,163
Indefinite-lived intangible:
Trade name
118,200
118,200
Total other intangible assets, net
$
230,100
$
235,363
Amortization expense recognized on all amortizable intangibles was $1,682 and $2,094 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $5,257 and $5,142 for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The estimated future amortization of definite-lived intangible assets is as follows:
Malibu and Axis brand boats have a limited warranty for a period up to five years. Cobalt brand boats have (1) a structural warranty of up to ten years which covers the hull, deck joints, bulkheads, floor, transom, stringers, and motor mount and (2) a five year bow-to-stern warranty on all components manufactured or purchased (excluding hull and deck structural components), including canvas and upholstery. Gelcoat is covered up to three years for Cobalt and one year for Malibu and Axis. Pursuit brand boats have (1) a limited warranty for a period of up to five years on structural components such as the hull, deck and defects in the gelcoat surface of the hull bottom and (2) a bow-to-stern warranty of two years (excluding hull and deck structural components). Maverick, Pathfinder and Hewes brand boats have (1) a limited warranty for a period of up to five years on structural components such as the hull, deck and defects in the gelcoat surface of the hull bottom and (2) a bow-to-stern warranty of one year (excluding hull and deck structural components). Cobia brand boats have (1) a limited warranty for a period of up to ten years on structural components such as the hull, deck and defects in the gelcoat surface of the hull bottom and (2) a bow-to-stern warranty of three years (excluding hull and deck structural components). For each boat brand, there are certain materials, components or parts of the boat that are not covered by the Company’s warranty and certain components or parts that are separately warranted by the manufacturer or supplier (such as the engine). Engines that the Company manufactures for Malibu and Axis models have a limited warranty of up to five years or five-hundred hours.
The Company’s standard warranties require it or its dealers to repair or replace defective products during the warranty period at no cost to the consumer. The Company estimates warranty costs it expects to incur and records a liability for such costs at the time the product revenue is recognized. The Company utilizes historical claims trends and analytical tools to develop the estimate of its warranty obligation on a per boat basis, by brand and warranty year. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and cost per claim. The Company assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary. Beginning in model year 2016, the Company increased the term of its limited warranty for Malibu brand boats from three years to five years and for Axis brand boats from two years to five years. Beginning in model year 2018, the Company increased the term of its bow-to-stern warranty for Cobalt brand boats from three years to five years. As a result of these changes, all of the Company’s Malibu, Axis and Cobalt brand boats with historical claims experience that are no longer covered under warranty had warranty terms shorter than the current warranty term of five years. Accordingly, the Company has little to no historical claims experience for warranty years four and five, and as such, these estimates give rise to a higher level of estimation uncertainty. Future warranty claims may differ from the Company’s estimate of the warranty liability, which could lead to changes in the Company’s warranty liability in future periods.
Changes in the Company’s product warranty liability, which is included in accrued expenses on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets, were as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Beginning balance
$
36,396
$
31,046
$
35,035
$
27,500
Add: Warranty expense
5,472
4,700
15,180
14,346
Additions for acquisitions
—
—
—
883
Less: Warranty claims paid
(4,176)
(3,475)
(12,523)
(10,458)
Ending balance
$
37,692
$
32,271
$
37,692
$
32,271
10. Financing
Outstanding debt consisted of the following:
As of March 31, 2022
As of June 30, 2021
Term loans
$
95,438
$
99,375
Revolving credit loan
25,000
45,000
Less unamortized debt issuance costs
(657)
(1,100)
Total debt
119,781
143,275
Less current maturities
73,406
4,250
Long-term debt less current maturities
$
46,375
$
139,025
Long-Term Debt
As of March 31, 2022, the Company has a revolving credit facility with borrowing capacity of up to $170,000 and term loans with an aggregate principal amount of $95,438outstanding. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had $25,000 outstanding under its revolving credit facility and $1,310 in outstanding letters of credit, with $143,690 available for borrowing. The revolving credit facility matures on July 1, 2024, a term loan made on December 30, 2020 in a principal amount of $25,000, of which $23,438 was outstanding as of March 31, 2022, (the “Incremental Term Loan”) matures on July 1, 2024 and term loans in a principal amount of $75,000, of which $72,000 was outstanding as of March 31, 2022 (the “Existing Term Loans,” and together with the Incremental Term Loans, the “Term Loans”), mature on July 1, 2022.
On December 30, 2020, Boats LLC entered into the Third Amendment to its Credit Agreement. The Third Amendment added a $25,000 Incremental Term Loan facility with a maturity date of July 1, 2024 and increased the borrowing capacity of the revolving credit facility by $50,000 from $120,000 to $170,000. The Incremental Term Loan is subject to quarterly amortization at a rate of 5.0% per annum through December 31, 2022 and at a rate of 7.5% per annum through June 30, 2024 and accrues interest at the same interest rate applicable to other loans under the Credit Agreement as described below.
The obligations of Boats LLC under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the LLC, and, subject to certain exceptions, the present and future domestic subsidiaries of Boats LLC, and all such obligations are secured by substantially all of the assets of the LLC, Boats LLC and such subsidiary guarantors. Malibu Boats, Inc. is not a party to the Credit Agreement. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to either, at the Company's option, (i) the highest of the prime rate, the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5%, or one-month London Inter-bank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") plus 1% (the “Base Rate”) or (ii) LIBOR, in each case plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.25% to 2.25% with respect to LIBOR borrowings and 0.25% to 1.25% with respect to Base Rate borrowings. The applicable margin will be based upon the consolidated leverage ratio of the LLC and its subsidiaries calculated on a consolidated basis. As of March 31, 2022, the interest rate on the Company’s term loans and revolving credit facility was 1.70%. The Company is required to pay a commitment fee for any unused portion of the revolving credit facility which will range from 0.20% to 0.40% per annum, depending on the LLC’s and its subsidiaries’ consolidated leverage ratio.
The Credit Agreement permits prepayment of the Term Loans without any penalties. The Existing Term Loans required an amortization payment of approximately $3,000 on March 31, 2022 and the remaining balance of the Existing Term Loans is due on the scheduled maturity date of July 1, 2022, each reflected as current maturities of long-term obligations. The
Incremental Term Loan of $25,000 is subject to quarterly amortization at a rate of 5.0% per year through December 31, 2022 and 7.5% per year through June 30, 2024, resulting in $1,406 being reflected as current maturities of long-term obligations with the balance of the Incremental Term Loan due on the scheduled maturity date of July 1, 2024. The Credit Agreement also requires prepayments from the net cash proceeds received by Boats LLC or any guarantors from certain asset sales and recovery events, subject to certain reinvestment rights, and from excess cash flow, subject to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement contains certain customary representations and warranties, and notice requirements for the occurrence of specific events such as the occurrence of any event of default, or pending or threatened litigation. The Credit Agreement also requires compliance with certain customary financial covenants, including a minimum ratio of EBITDA to fixed charges and a maximum ratio of total debt to EBITDA. The Credit Agreement contains certain restrictive covenants, which, among other things, place limits on certain activities of the loan parties under the Credit Agreement, such as the incurrence of additional indebtedness and additional liens on property and limit the future payment of dividends or distributions. For example, the Credit Agreement generally prohibits the LLC, Boats LLC and the subsidiary guarantors from paying dividends or making distributions, including to the Company. The credit facility permits, however, (i) distributions based on a member’s allocated taxable income, (ii) distributions to fund payments that are required under the LLC’s tax receivable agreement, (iii) purchase of stock or stock options of the LLC from former officers, directors or employees of loan parties or payments pursuant to stock option and other benefit plans up to $3,000 in any fiscal year, and (iv) share repurchase payments up to $35,000 in any fiscal year subject to one year carry forward and compliance with other financial covenants. In addition, the LLC may make dividends and distributions of up to $10,000 in any fiscal year, subject to compliance with other financial covenants.
In connection with entering into the Credit Agreement in fiscal year 2017, the Company capitalized $2,074 in deferred financing costs. In connection with Third Amendment entered into in December 2020, the Company capitalized $638 in deferred financing costs during the nine months ended March 31, 2021. These costs, in addition to the unamortized balance related to costs associated with the Company's previous credit facility of $671, are being amortized over the term of the Credit Agreement into interest expense using the effective interest method and presented as a direct offset to the total debt outstanding on the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company used proceeds from an equity offering on August 24, 2017 to repay $50,000 on its Existing Term Loans and exercised its option to apply the prepayment to principal installments through December 31, 2021, and a portion of principal installments due on March 31, 2022.
Covenant Compliance
As of March 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants contained in the Credit Agreement.
11. Leases
The Company leases certain manufacturing facilities, warehouses, office space, land, and equipment. The Company determines if a contract is a lease or contains an embedded lease at the inception of the agreement. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not separate non-lease components from the lease components to which they relate, and instead accounts for each separate lease and non-lease component associated with that lease component as a single lease component for all underlying asset classes. The Company's lease liabilities do not include future lease payments related to options to extend or terminate lease agreements as it is not reasonably certain those options will be exercised.
Other information concerning the Company's operating leases accounted for under ASC Topic 842, Leases is as follows:
Selling and marketing, and general and administrative
214
217
645
639
Sublease income
Other income, net
10
10
29
29
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities
Cash flows from operating activities
631
661
1,890
1,970
(1)Includes short-term leases, which are insignificant, and are not included in the lease liability.
The lease liability for operating leases that contain variable escalating rental payments with scheduled increases that are based on the lesser of a stated percentage increase or the cumulative increase in an index, are determined using the stated percentage increase.
The weighted-average remaining lease term as of March 31, 2022 and 2021 was 5.74 years and 6.66 years, respectively. As of March 31, 2022 and 2021, the weighted-average discount rate determined based on the Company's incremental borrowing rate is 3.63%, respectively.
Future annual minimum lease payments for the following fiscal years as of March 31, 2022 are as follows:
Amount
Remainder of 2022
$
632
2023
2,549
2024
2,606
2025
2,312
2026
2,255
2027 and thereafter
3,760
Total
14,114
Less: imputed interest
(1,354)
Present value of lease liabilities
$
12,760
12. Tax Receivable Agreement Liability
The Company has a Tax Receivable Agreement with the pre-IPO owners of the LLC that provides for the payment by the Company to the pre-IPO owners (or their permitted assignees) of 85% of the amount of the benefits, if any, that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of (i) increases in tax basis and (ii) certain other tax benefits related to the Company entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement, including those attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. These contractual payment obligations are obligations of the Company and not of the LLC. The Company's Tax Receivable Agreement liability was determined on an undiscounted basis in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies, since the contractual payment obligations were deemed to be probable and reasonably estimable.
For purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement, the benefit deemed realized by the Company is computed by comparing the actual income tax liability of the Company (calculated with certain assumptions) to the amount of such taxes that the Company would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the assets of the LLC as a result of the purchases or exchanges, and had the Company not entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement.
The following table reflects the changes to the Company's tax receivable agreement liability:
As of March 31, 2022
As of June 30, 2021
Beginning fiscal year balance
$
48,214
$
49,665
Additions (reductions) to tax receivable agreement:
Exchange of LLC Units for Class A Common Stock
—
2,142
Adjustment for change in estimated tax rate
—
(88)
Payments under tax receivable agreement
—
(3,505)
48,214
48,214
Less: current portion under tax receivable agreement
(3,773)
(3,773)
Ending balance
$
44,441
$
44,441
The Tax Receivable Agreement further provides that, upon certain mergers, asset sales or other forms of business combinations or other changes of control, the Company (or its successor) would owe to the pre-IPO owners of the LLC a lump-sum payment equal to the present value of all forecasted future payments that would have otherwise been made under the Tax Receivable Agreement that would be based on certain assumptions, including a deemed exchange of LLC Units and that the Company would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax basis and other tax benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement. The Company also is entitled to terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement, which, if terminated, would obligate the Company to make early termination payments to the pre-IPO owners of the LLC. In addition, a pre-IPO owner may elect to unilaterally terminate the Tax Receivable Agreement with respect to such pre-IPO owner, which would obligate the Company to pay to such existing owner certain payments for tax benefits received through the taxable year of the election.
When estimating the expected tax rate to use in order to determine the tax benefit expected to be recognized from the Company’s increased tax basis as a result of exchanges of LLC Units by the pre-IPO owners of the LLC, the Company continuously monitors changes in its overall tax posture, including changes resulting from new legislation and changes as a result of new jurisdictions in which the Company is subject to tax.
As of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2021, the Company had deferred tax assets on each date of $114,242 associated with basis differences in assets upon acquiring an interest in the LLC and pursuant to making an election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Internal Revenue Code"), as amended. The aggregate tax receivable agreement liability represents 85% of the tax benefits that the Company expects to receive in connection with the Section 754 election. In accordance with the tax receivable agreement, the next annual payment is anticipated approximately 75 days after filing the federal tax return, which was filed on March 14, 2022.
13. Income Taxes
The Company is taxed as a C corporation for U.S. income tax purposes and is therefore subject to both federal and state taxation at a corporate level. The LLC continues to operate in the United States as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Income taxes are computed in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, and reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and the corresponding income tax amounts. The Company has deferred tax assets and liabilities and maintains valuation allowances where it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. To the extent the Company determines that it will not realize the benefit of some or all of its deferred tax assets, such deferred tax assets will be adjusted through the Company’s provision for income taxes in the period in which this determination is made.
As of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2021, the Company maintained a total valuation allowance of $15,464 and $15,279, respectively, against deferred tax assets related to state net operating losses and future amortization deductions (with respect to the Section 754 election) that are reported in the Tennessee corporate tax return without offsetting income, which is taxable at the LLC. These also include a valuation allowance in the amount of $580 related to foreign tax credit carryforward that is not expected to be utilized in the future.
The Company’s consolidated interim effective tax rate is based upon expected annual income from operations, statutory tax rates and tax laws in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Significant or unusual items, including those related to the change in U.S. tax law as well as other adjustments to accruals for tax uncertainties, are recognized in the quarter in which the related event occurs. On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act)
was signed into law. The CARES Act contains significant business tax provisions, including modifications to the rules limiting the deductibility of net operating losses (NOLs), expensing of qualified improvement property (QIP) and business interest in Internal Revenue Code Sections 172(a) and 163(j), respectively. The effects of the new legislation are recognized upon enactment. The Company did not recognize any significant impact to income tax expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, relating to the CARES Act.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company's effective tax rate was 22.7% and 23.7%, respectively. For the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company's effective tax rate was 22.3% and 23.0%, respectively. For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company's effective tax rate exceeded the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% primarily due to the impact of U.S. state taxes. This increase in tax rate in both periods was partially offset by a windfall benefit generated by certain stock-based compensation, the benefits from the foreign derived intangible income deduction, the research and development tax credit, and the impact of non-controlling interests in the LLC.
14. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company adopted a long term incentive plan which became effective on January 1, 2014, and reserves for issuance up to 1,700,000 shares of Malibu Boats, Inc. Class A Common Stock for the Company’s employees, consultants, members of its board of directors and other independent contractors at the discretion of the compensation committee. Incentive stock awards authorized under the Incentive Plan include unrestricted shares of Class A Common Stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent awards and performance awards. As of March 31, 2022, 506,634 shares remain available for future issuance under the long term incentive plan.
On November 3, 2021, under the Incentive Plan, the Company granted approximately 32,000 restricted service-based stock units and 23,000 restricted service-based stock awards to key employees under the Incentive Plan. The grant date fair value of these awards was $4,149 based on a stock price of $74.25 per share on the date of grant. Approximately 58% of the awards vest ratably over three years and approximately 42% of the awards vest ratably over four years. Stock-based compensation expense attributable to the service-based units and awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
On November 3, 2021, under the Incentive Plan, the Company granted to key employees a target amount of approximately 18,000 restricted stock awards with a performance condition. The number of shares that will ultimately be issued, if any, is based on the attainment of a specified amount of earnings during the fiscal year ending June 30, 2024. The maximum number of shares that can be issued if an elevated earnings target is met is approximately 26,000. The grant date fair value of the awards was estimated to be $1,305, based on a stock price of $74.25. Compensation costs associated with the performance awards are recognized over the requisite service period based on probability of achievement in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation.
On November 3, 2021, under the Incentive Plan, the Company granted to key employees a target amount of approximately 18,000 stock awards with a market condition. The number of shares that will ultimately be issued, if any, is based on a total shareholder return ("TSR") computation that involves comparing the movement in the Company's stock price to movement in a market index from the grant date through November 3, 2024. The maximum number of shares that can be issued if an elevated TSR target is met is approximately 35,000. The grant date fair value of the awards were estimated to be $1,688, which is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation. The Monte Carlo simulation model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the award grant and calculates the fair market value for the stock award. Compensation costs are recognized over the requisite service period based on probability of achievement in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation.
The following is a summary of the changes in the Company's stock options for the nine months ended March 31, 2022:
The following is a summary of the changes in non-vested restricted stock units and restricted stock awards for the nine months ended March 31, 2022:
Number of Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Awards Outstanding
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Total Non-vested Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Awards as of June 30, 2021
314,916
$
44.46
Granted
136,630
74.51
Vested
(99,299)
44.67
Forfeited
(8,863)
55.90
Total Non-vested Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock Awards as of March 31, 2022
343,384
$
56.06
Stock compensation expense attributable to the Company's share-based equity awards was $1,691 and $1,449 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $4,547 and $4,060 for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. Stock compensation expense attributed to share-based equity awards issued under the Incentive Plan is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective awards and is included in general and administrative expense in the Company's unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Awards vesting during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022 include 985 and 13,116 fully vested restricted stock units issued to non-employee directors for their service as directors for the Company.
15. Net Earnings Per Share
Basic net income per share of Class A Common Stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to the Company's earnings by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding during the period. The weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding used in computing basic net income per share includes fully vested restricted stock units awarded to directors that are entitled to participate in distributions to common shareholders through receipt of additional units of equivalent value to the dividends paid to Class A Common Stock holders.
Diluted net income per share of Class A Common Stock is computed similarly to basic net income per share except the weighted-average shares outstanding are increased to include additional shares from the assumed exercise of any common stock equivalents using the treasury method, if dilutive. The Company's LLC Units and non-qualified stock options are considered common stock equivalents for this purpose. The number of additional shares of Class A Common Stock related to these common stock equivalents and stock options are calculated using the treasury stock method.
Stock awards with a performance condition that are based on the attainment of a specified amount of earnings are only included in the computation of diluted earnings per share to the extent that the performance condition would be achieved based on the current amount of earnings, and only if the effect would be dilutive.
Stock awards with a market condition that are based on the performance of the Company's stock price in relation to a market index over a specified time period are only included in the computation of diluted earnings per share to the extent that the shares would be issued based on the current market price of the Company's stock in relation to the market index, and only if the effect would be dilutive.
Basic and diluted net income per share of Class A Common Stock has been computed as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):
Three Months Ended March 31,
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Basic:
Net income attributable to Malibu Boats, Inc.
$
52,878
$
33,796
$
109,713
$
76,114
Shares used in computing basic net income per share:
Weighted-average Class A Common Stock
20,535,856
20,571,601
20,607,085
20,499,949
Weighted-average participating restricted stock units convertible into Class A Common Stock
241,656
227,804
235,955
222,390
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding
20,777,512
20,799,405
20,843,040
20,722,339
Basic net income per share
$
2.54
$
1.62
$
5.26
$
3.67
Diluted:
Net income attributable to Malibu Boats, Inc.
$
52,878
$
33,796
$
109,713
$
76,114
Shares used in computing diluted net income per share:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding
20,777,512
20,799,405
20,843,040
20,722,339
Restricted stock units granted to employees
80,475
97,376
114,746
90,592
Stock options granted to employees
57,836
69,613
72,666
61,030
Market performance awards granted to employees
67,050
65,966
67,050
65,966
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding 1
20,982,873
21,032,360
21,097,502
20,939,927
Diluted net income per share
$
2.51
$
1.61
$
5.20
$
3.63
1 The Company excluded (i) 660,113 and 603,919 potentially dilutive shares from the calculation of diluted net income per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and (ii) 660,113 and 622,306 potentially dilutive shares from the calculation of diluted net income per share for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as these units would have been antidilutive.
The shares of Class B Common Stock do not share in the earnings or losses of Malibu Boats, Inc. and, therefore, are not included in the calculation. Accordingly, basic and diluted net earnings per share of Class B Common Stock have not been presented.
16. Commitments and Contingencies
Repurchase Commitments
In connection with its dealers’ wholesale floor plan financing of boats, the Company has entered into repurchase agreements with various lending institutions. The reserve methodology used to record an estimated expense and loss reserve in each accounting period is based upon an analysis of likely repurchases based on current field inventory and likelihood of repurchase. Subsequent to the inception of the repurchase commitment, the Company evaluates the likelihood of repurchase and adjusts the estimated loss reserve accordingly. When a potential loss reserve is recorded, it is presented in accrued liabilities in the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. If the Company were obligated to repurchase a significant number of units under any repurchase agreement, its business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected. The total amount financed under the floor financing programs with repurchase obligations was $229,817 and $79,599 as of March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2021, respectively.
Repurchases and subsequent sales are recorded as a revenue transaction. The net difference between the repurchase price and the resale price is recorded against the loss reserve and presented in cost of sales in the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022, there were no repurchases and as of March 31, 2022, the Company has not been notified about any probable repossessions. Therefore, the Company did not carry a reserve for repurchases as of March 31, 2022 consistent with June 30, 2021.
The Company has collateralized receivables financing arrangements with a third-party floor plan financing provider for European dealers. Under terms of these arrangements, the Company transfers the right to collect a trade receivable to the financing provider in exchange for cash but agrees to repurchase the receivable if the dealer defaults. Since the transfer of the receivable to the financing provider does not meet the conditions for a sale under ASC Topic 860,
Transfers and Servicing, the Company continues to report the transferred trade receivable in other current assets with an offsetting balance recorded as a secured obligation in accrued expenses in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had no financing receivables and at June 30, 2021, the Company had $95 recorded in other current assets and accrued expenses related to these arrangements.
Contingencies
Product Liability
The Company is engaged in a business that exposes it to claims for product liability and warranty claims in the event the Company’s products actually or allegedly fail to perform as expected or the use of the Company’s products results, or is alleged to result, in property damage, personal injury or death. Although the Company maintains product and general liability insurance of the types and in the amounts that the Company believes are customary for the industry, the Company is not fully insured against all such potential claims. The Company may have the ability to refer claims to its suppliers and their insurers to pay the costs associated with any claims arising from the suppliers’ products. The Company’s insurance covers such claims that are not adequately covered by a supplier’s insurance and provides for excess secondary coverage above the limits provided by the Company’s suppliers.
The Company may experience legal claims in excess of its insurance coverage or claims that are not covered by insurance, either of which could adversely affect its business, financial condition and results of operations. Adverse determination of material product liability and warranty claims made against the Company could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition and harm its reputation. In addition, if any of the Company's products are, or are alleged to be, defective, the Company may be required to participate in a recall of that product if the defect or alleged defect relates to safety. These and other claims that the Company faces could be costly to the Company and require substantial management attention. Refer to Note 9 for discussion of warranty claims. The Company insures against product liability claims and except as disclosed below, believes there are no product liability claims as of March 31, 2022 that will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, after considering available insurance coverage.
Litigation
Certain conditions may exist which could result in a loss, but which will only be resolved when future events occur. The Company, in consultation with its legal counsel, assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessments inherently involve an exercise of judgment. If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a loss has been incurred, the Company accrues for such contingent loss when it can be reasonably estimated. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but reasonably estimable, or is probable but cannot be estimated, the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material, is disclosed. If the assessment of a contingency deemed to be both probable and reasonably estimable involves a range of possible losses, the amount within the range that appears at the time to be a better estimate than any other amount within the range would be accrued. When no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount in the range is accrued even though the minimum amount in the range is not necessarily the amount of loss that will be ultimately determined. Estimates of potential legal fees and other directly related costs associated with contingencies are not accrued but rather are expensed as incurred. Except as disclosed below, management does not believe there are any pending claims (asserted or unasserted) that would have a material adverse impact on the Company's results of operations at March 31, 2022.
Legal Proceedings
Batchelder Matters
The Company and its indirect subsidiary Boats LLC are defendants in the product liability case Batchelder et al. v. Malibu Boats, LLC, f/k/a Malibu Boats, Inc.; Malibu Boats West, Inc., et. al., Superior Court of Rabun County, Georgia, Civil Action Case No. 2016-CV-0114-C (the "Batchelder I Matter"), brought by, among others, Stephan Paul Batchelder and Margaret Mary Batchelder as Administrators of the Estate of Ryan Paul Batchelder, deceased (“Batchelder I Plaintiffs”). The Batchelder I Plaintiffs also sued the manufacturer of the boat at issue in the case, Malibu Boats West, Inc. (“West”). West is not, and has never been, a subsidiary of the Company but was a separate legal entity whose assets were purchased by Boats LLC in 2006. The case involves a personal injury accident in 2014 involving a 2000 model year boat that was manufactured by West. On August 28, 2021, the jury rejected the Batchelder I Plaintiffs’ design defect claims and found that the driver of the boat was 75% at fault for the accident. Notwithstanding those findings, the jury found that Boats LLC and West negligently failed to warn of a hazard posed by the relevant boat and that such failure was a proximate cause of the death of the decedent. The jury also found that Boats LLC is a legal successor of, and responsible for the liabilities of, West. The jury awarded compensatory damages of $80 million and apportioned 15% of such damages to Boats LLC and 10% of such damages to West. In addition, the jury awarded $80 million of punitive damages against Boats LLC and $40 million of punitive damages against West. Based
on the jury’s finding of successor liability, which Boats LLC contends is erroneous, the trial court entered judgment against West and Boats LLC, with a potential maximum liability to Boats LLC of $140 million, plus post-judgment interest.
The Batchelder I Plaintiffs also filed motions, after the judgment, seeking orders requiring Boats LLC to pay pre-judgment interest and a portion of their attorney fees. The Company opposed both motions, arguing that the Batchelder I Plaintiffs have no right either to pre-judgment interest or to reimbursement of their attorneys’ fees, and in the alternative that the amount of attorneys’ fees sought was unreasonable. The trial court denied the Batchelder I Plaintiffs’ motion for prejudgment interest and held that ruling on the Batchelder I Plaintiffs’ motion for attorneys’ fees would be premature, indicating that it would decide whether the Batchelder I Plaintiffs have the right to attorneys’ fees, and if so what amount is reasonable, if still necessary upon the resolution of the Company’s post-trial motions and any related appeals.
The Company has filed post-trial motions with the trial judge, and it intends to appeal in the event that its post-trial motions are unsuccessful. Pending resolution of the post-trial and appeals process, the payment of any damages in this matter is expected to be stayed. Based on the current status of the process, the Company believes a loss is reasonably possible and that the potential range of loss could be from $0 to $140 million, plus post-judgment interest. As noted above, the trial court has postponed any ruling on the Batchelder I Plaintiffs' contested motion for a portion of their attorney fees pending the resolution of the Company's post-trial motions and any related appeals. While the Company and Boats LLC maintain product liability insurance applicable to this case, such insurance coverage may be limited to $26 million. The Company did not carry a reserve for loss as of March 31, 2022.
The Company is also a defendant in a related product liability case, Stephan Paul Batchelder and Margaret Mary Batchelder, as Natural Guardians of Josh Patrick Batchelder, a minor; Darin Batchelder, individually, and as Natural Guardian of Zach Batchelder, a minor; and Kayla Batchelder (the “Batchelder II Plaintiffs”) v. Malibu Boats, LLC v. Dennis Michael Ficarra; State Court of Rabun County, Civil Action File No. 2022-CV-0034. The complaint was filed on February 9, 2022 as a purported renewal of earlier claims by the Batchelder II Plaintiffs that were dismissed without prejudice. The case involves claims by the Batchelder II Plaintiffs of their own alleged bodily injury and emotional distress stemming from the same accident involving the alleged swamping of the boat manufactured and sold by West that is the subject of the Batchelder I Matter. As noted above, West is not, and has never been, a subsidiary of the Company but was a separate legal entity whose assets were purchased by the Company in 2006. Four Batchelder II Plaintiffs (including three children) seek damages for personal injury and punitive damages, alleging that the accident was caused by a design defect and a failure to warn. The Batchelder II Plaintiffs were all dismissed without prejudice from the Batchelder I Matter shortly before the trial for the Batchelder I Matter, however, and thus the new complaint is a renewal action of the original complaint. The Company believes that the allegations in this case are unfounded and denies that there was a design defect or a duty to warn, that the Batchelder II Plaintiffs suffered the alleged injuries, or that any defect in the boat or failure to warn was a legal cause of the alleged injuries. The Company also contends that the incident was caused by the negligence of the driver of the boat and has filed a Third-Party Complaint against the driver, Dennis Ficarra, based on his negligence. The Company is unable to provide any reasonable evaluation of the likelihood that a loss will be incurred or any reasonable estimate of the range of possible loss. The Company maintains product liability insurance that is applicable to this case.
17. Segment Reporting
The Company has three reportable segments, Malibu, Saltwater Fishing and Cobalt. The Malibu segment participates in the manufacturing, distribution, marketing and sale of Malibu and Axis performance sports boats throughout the world. The Saltwater Fishing segment participates in the manufacturing, distribution, marketing and sale throughout the world of Pursuit boats and the Maverick Boat Group brand boats (Maverick, Cobia, Pathfinder and Hewes). The Cobalt segment participates in the manufacturing, distribution, marketing and sale of Cobalt boats throughout the world.
There is no country outside of the United States from which we (a) derived net sales equal to 10% of total net sales, or (b) attributed assets equal to 10% of total assets. Net sales are attributed to countries based on the location of the dealer.
The following tables present financial information for the Company’s reportable segments for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and the Company’s financial position at March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2021, respectively:
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included herein.
Malibu Boats, Inc. is a Delaware corporation with its principal offices in Loudon, Tennessee. We use the terms “Malibu,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” or similar references to refer to Malibu Boats, Inc., its subsidiary, Malibu Boats Holdings, LLC, or the LLC, and its subsidiary Malibu Boats, LLC, or Boats, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries, including Cobalt Boats, LLC, PB Holdco, LLC, through which we acquired the assets of Pursuit, and MBG Holdco, Inc., through which we acquired all of the outstanding stock of Maverick Boat Group, Inc.
Overview
We are a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of a diverse range of recreational powerboats, including performance sport boats, sterndrive and outboard boats. Our product portfolio of premium brands are used for a broad range of recreational boating activities including, among others, water sports, general recreational boating and fishing. Our passion for consistent innovation, which has led to propriety technology such as Surf Gate, has allowed us to expand the market for our products by introducing consumers to new and exciting recreational activities. We design products that appeal to an expanding range of recreational boaters and water sports enthusiasts whose passion for boating and water sports is a key component of their active lifestyle and provide consumers with a better customer-inspired experience. With performance, quality, value and multi-purpose features, our product portfolio has us well positioned to broaden our addressable market and achieve our goal of increasing our market share in the expanding recreational boating industry.
We currently sell our boats under eight brands (Malibu; Axis; Pursuit; Maverick; Cobia; Pathfinder; Hewes; and Cobalt), and we report our results of operations under three reportable segments (Malibu, Saltwater Fishing and Cobalt), as shown in the table below. See Note 17 to our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for more information about our reporting segments.
% of Total Revenues
Segment
Brands
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2022
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2021
Malibu
Malibu
50.0%
52.2%
Axis
Saltwater Fishing
Pursuit
28.5%
26.2%
Maverick
Cobia
Pathfinder
Hewes
Cobalt
Cobalt
21.5%
21.6%
Our Malibu segment participates in the manufacturing, distribution, marketing and sale throughout the world of Malibu and Axis performance sports boats. Our flagship Malibu boats offer our latest innovations in performance, comfort and convenience, and are designed for consumers seeking a premium performance sport boat experience. We are the market leader in the United States in the performance sport boat category through our Malibu and Axis Wake Research boat brands. Our Axis boats appeal to consumers who desire a more affordable performance sport boat product but still demand high performance, functional simplicity and the option to upgrade key features. Retail prices of our Malibu and Axis boats typically range from $65,000 to $215,000.
Our Saltwater Fishing segment participates in the manufacturing, distribution, marketing and sale throughout the world of Pursuit boats and the Maverick Boat Group family of boats (Maverick, Cobia, Pathfinder and Hewes). Our Pursuit boats expand our product offerings into the saltwater outboard fishing market and include center console, dual console and offshore models. In December 2020, we acquired Maverick Boat Group and added Maverick, Cobia, Pathfinder and Hewes to our brands. Our Maverick Boat Group family of boats are highly complementary to Pursuit, expanding our saltwater outboard offerings with a strong focus in length segments under 30 feet. We are among the market leaders in the fiberglass outboard fishing boat category with the brands in our Saltwater Fishing segment. Retail prices for our Saltwater Fishing boats typically range from $45,000 to $1,200,000.
Our Cobalt segment participates in the manufacturing, distribution, marketing and sale throughout the world of Cobalt boats. Our Cobalt boats consist of mid to large-sized luxury cruisers and bowriders that we believe offer the ultimate experience in comfort, performance and quality. We are the market leader in the United States in the 20’ - 40’ segment of the sterndrive boat category through our Cobalt brand. Retail prices for our Cobalt boats typically range from $65,000 to $500,000.
We sell our boats through a dealer network that we believe is the strongest in the recreational powerboat category. As of July 1, 2021, our worldwide distribution channel consisted of over 400 dealer locations globally. Our dealer base is an important part of our consumers’ experience, our marketing efforts and our brands. We devote significant time and resources to find, develop and improve the performance of our dealers and believe our dealer network gives us a distinct competitive advantage.
Our operations have continued to be impacted by a variety of external factors. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted our operations and financial results since the third quarter of fiscal year 2020 and continues to have an impact on us. We elected to suspend operations at all of our facilities from March 2020 until late April and early May 2020, depending on the facility. As a result, we were not able to ship boats to our dealers during the period of shut-down, which negatively impacted our net sales for the second half of fiscal year 2020. During the first half of fiscal 2021, we constrained our production levels in an attempt to allow our supply chain to more fully recover from the impacts of COVID-19 in preparation of higher wholesale manufacturing volumes that we planned for the second half of fiscal 2021. While our net sales for fiscal year 2021 were impacted by our lower production levels, retail sales improved during fiscal year 2021 as consumers turned to boating as a form of outdoor, socially-distanced recreation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in retail sales during fiscal year 2021 combined with our lower wholesale shipment levels during the second half of fiscal year 2020 and constrained production in the first half of fiscal year 2021 resulted in lower inventory levels at our dealers throughout fiscal year 2021 and has continued into fiscal year 2022.
Additionally, we experienced supply chain disruptions during the first three quarters of fiscal year 2022 that we believe were driven by numerous factors, including labor shortages, ongoing domestic logistical constraints, West Coast port challenges and rising prices to our suppliers, in part due to inflationary pressures. Such supply chain disruptions along with increased costs for raw materials, parts and components, shipping and labor, are having industry-wide impacts affecting us and our suppliers, dealers and customers.
The future impact of COVID-19 and ongoing supply chain disruptions on our financial condition and results of operations may result in further constrained production and increased costs and will depend on a number of factors, including factors that we may not be able to forecast at this time. See the risk factors around COVID-19 impact, supply chain disruptions and increases in costs under Part I. Item 1A. on our Form 10- K for the year ended June 30, 2021.
On a consolidated basis, we achieved third quarter fiscal 2022 net sales, gross profit, net income and adjusted EBITDA of $344.3 million, $97.1 million, $54.8 million and $79.8 million, respectively, compared to $273.2 million, $72.0 million, $35.1 million and $57.0 million, respectively, for the third quarter of fiscal 2021. For the third quarter of fiscal 2022, net sales increased 26.0%, gross profit increased 34.8%, net income increased 56.1% and adjusted EBITDA increased 39.9% as compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2021. For the definition of adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation to net income, see “GAAP Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
Outlook
Industry-wide marine retail registrations continue to recover from the years following the global financial crisis. According to Statistical Surveys, Inc., domestic retail registration volumes of performance sport boats, fiberglass sterndrive and fiberglass outboards increased at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 5% between 2011 and 2021, for the 50 reporting states. Within the recreational powerboat categories, the performance sport boats category, which we primarily serve with our Malibu and Axis brands, has produced a double-digit compound annual growth rate between 2011 and 2021. Outboard boats and fiberglass sterndrive boats have seen their combined market grow at a 4% compound annual growth rate between 2011 and 2021. This combined growth has been driven primarily by the outboard market. We target the outboard market with our Pursuit, Cobia, Pathfinder, Maverick and Hewes brands, as well as our Cobalt brand, which is a new entrant to the outboard market, and we plan to meaningfully expand our share of the fiberglass outboard category in the future. We cater to the sterndrive market
through our Cobalt brand. While the market for sterndrive propulsion, particularly in lower foot length products, has been challenged, Cobalt’s performance continues to be helped by the higher foot length product market it serves, which has grown and through gains in market share by Cobalt.
Although retail growth in powerboats was negatively impacted by weak retail sales in March and April 2020 due to COVID-19, domestic retail demand growth for powerboats accelerated during calendar year 2020, in part because consumers turned to boating as a form of outdoor, socially-distanced recreation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the impact of COVID-19 early in 2020, the increased demand during 2020 was broad based across recreational powerboat categories leading to the highest growth rate the industry has seen in decades. We continued to see strong year-over-year retail growth during the first half of 2021. However, beginning in May 2021, we experienced lower growth and in certain markets year-over-year decreases in retail registrations driven by the lack of available inventory at our dealers and the high growth in those months during 2020. Retail registration activity declined meaningfully during the second half of calendar 2021 versus the comparable period in 2020 given the limited available inventory and the strong sales activity and resulting destocking in 2020 and the first half of 2021. The domestic retail market decreased year-over-year during calendar 2021 for the performance sport boat segment by 2%, while the fiberglass outboard and sterndrive segments were down a combined 7%, in line with expectations given the prior year retail environment. However, when compared to the pre-COVID market conditions of calendar year 2019, the performance sport boat segment and the combined fiberglass outboard and sterndrive segments increased 21% and 3%, respectively, in calendar year 2021 despite depleted channel inventory levels. We believe that despite recent retail registration declines, retail activity at our dealers has continued to be strong and but for a lack of inventory would be higher.
The combination of continued strong retail market activity through 2020 and into early 2021 and supply chain disruptions experienced in 2021 have depleted our current inventory levels at our dealers below pre-COVID levels. Operational challenges and supply chain constraints created by severe winter weather delayed our ability to add to depleted inventory levels in the second half of fiscal 2021, and we experienced increased challenges with our supply chain in the first half of fiscal 2022. In the third quarter of fiscal 2022, our supply chain, while fragile, performed better than the first half of the fiscal year. We believe supply chain disruptions will continue to challenge wholesale production output for the remainder of calendar 2022. As a result of lower dealer inventory levels and lower wholesale production volumes due to the foregoing factors, we expect to see meaningful wholesale demand to restock our dealer inventories through the remainder of fiscal year 2022 and into fiscal 2023 and potentially beyond. We expect lower dealer inventory levels will support our wholesale shipments and financial performance in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022, and we believe that wholesale strength is likely to continue into fiscal year 2023. The duration of such heightened dealer restocking demand may be extended by our suppliers' inability to increase production to match our desired wholesale production targets, however, it may alternatively be reduced if retail activity materially deteriorates.
We experienced an increase in supply chain disruptions during the first three quarters of fiscal 2022 that we believe were driven by numerous factors, including labor shortages, ongoing domestic logistical constraints, West Coast port challenges and rising prices to our suppliers, in part due to inflationary pressures. The duration of these challenges is unknown, and they may meaningfully impact our ability to restock our dealers’ inventories in a timely manner. We have experienced elevated raw material, components and transportation costs, and we anticipate those costs to remain at inflated levels for the remainder of calendar year 2022. To combat this, we implemented a surcharge across all brands effective December 1, 2021. These surcharges could negatively impact retail demand, but we do not believe they will impact our wholesale shipments in fiscal 2022. Numerous other variables also have the potential to impact our volumes, both positively and negatively. For example, we believe a substantial increase or decrease in the price of oil, strength or weakness of the U.S. dollar and tariffs can result in greater or reduced demand for our boats in certain markets. Consumer confidence, expanded or eroded, is a variable that can also impact demand for our products in both directions. Other challenges that could impact demand for recreational powerboats include higher interest rates reducing retail consumer appetite for our product, the availability of credit to our dealers and retail consumers, fuel costs, a meaningful reduction in the value of global or domestic equity markets, the continued acceptance of our new products in the recreational boating market, our ability to compete in the competitive power boating industry, and the costs of labor and certain of our raw materials and key components. Retail demand may be negatively impacted this spring and summer as a result of rising gas prices, increasing interest rates and continuing concerns over inflation, all of which are outside of our control.
Since 2008, we have increased our market share among manufacturers of performance sport boats with new product development, improved distribution, new models, and innovative features. However, our market remains highly competitive and our competitors have become more aggressive in their product introductions, increased their distribution and launched surf systems competitive with our patented Surf Gate system. Notwithstanding this increasingly competitive environment, we expanded our market share lead in 2019 in the performance sport boats category over our nearest competitors. We believe decreased dealer inventory levels driven by strong retail growth and competitive new product introductions have led to a reduction in our market share through 2021; however, we continue to maintain the leading market share in the performance sport boat category. In addition, we continue to be the market share leader in both the premium and value-oriented product sub-
categories for performance sports boats, we continue to maintain the number one market share position in the United States for the 24’—29’ segment of the sterndrive boat category, and we have the number two market share position in the outboard fiberglass fishing market. Our ability to continue to increase inventory levels at our dealers will be important to maintain and grow our market share across our brands. We believe our new product pipeline, strong dealer network and ability to increase production will allow us to maintain and potentially expand our industry leading market position in performance sports boats.
We believe that our track record of expanding our market share with our Malibu and Axis brands due to new product development, improved distribution, new models, and innovative features is directly transferable to our Cobalt, Pursuit and Maverick Boat Group acquisitions. We have seen the impact of this strategy at Cobalt as we have realized growing market share with the introduction of ten new products in the last twenty-one months. While Cobalt, Pursuit and the Maverick Boat Group brands are market leaders in certain areas, we believe our experience positions us to execute a strategy to drive enhanced share by expanding the Cobalt, Pursuit and Maverick Boat Group product offerings with different foot lengths, different boat types and different propulsion technologies. Our new product development efforts at Pursuit and Maverick Boat Group will take time and our ability to influence near-term model introductions is limited, but we have already begun to execute on this strategy. With respect to Cobalt, we introduced six new models of boats during fiscal year 2021 and four new models in the first three quarters of fiscal year 2022. For the Pursuit brand, our focus has been on expanding the award-winning Dual Console, Sport and Offshore product offerings that continue to combine innovative features and dependable performance in refined designs that accommodate a broad array of activities on the water, including the Electric Sliding Entertainment Center on the S 378. Our newest acquisition, Maverick Boat Group, is in the very early stages of integration into the business and meaningful product and innovation changes will be developed for coming years. We believe enhancing new product development combined with diligent management of the Cobalt, Pursuit and Maverick Boat Group dealer networks will position us to meaningfully improve our share of the sterndrive and outboard markets over time.
Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
We believe that our results of operations and our growth prospects are affected by a number of factors, such as the economic environment and consumer demand for our products, our ability to develop new products and innovate, our product mix, our ability to manage manufacturing costs, sales cycles and inventory levels, the strength of our dealer network, our ability to offer dealer financing and incentives and our vertical integration efforts. We discuss each of these factors in more detail under the heading “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations” in our Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2021. While we do not have control of all factors affecting our results from operations, we work diligently to influence and manage those factors which we can impact to enhance our results of operations.
We generate revenue from the sale of boats to our dealers. The substantial majority of our net sales are derived from the sale of boats, including optional features included at the time of the initial wholesale purchase of the boat. Net sales consists of the following:
•Gross sales from:
•Boat and trailer sales—consists of sales of boats and trailers to our dealer network. Nearly all of our boat sales include optional feature upgrades purchased by the consumer, which increase the average selling price of our boats; and
•Parts and other sales—consists of sales of replacement and aftermarket boat parts and accessories to our dealer network; and consists of royalty income earned from license agreements with various boat manufacturers, including Nautique, Chaparral, Mastercraft, and Tige related to the use of our intellectual property.
•Net sales are net of:
•Sales returns—consists primarily of contractual repurchases of boats either repossessed by the floor plan financing provider from the dealer or returned by the dealer under our warranty program; and
•Rebates and free flooring—consists of incentives, rebates and free flooring, we provide to our dealers based on sales of eligible products. For our Malibu and Cobalt segments, if a domestic dealer meets its monthly or quarterly commitment volume, as well as other terms of the dealer performance program, the dealer is entitled to a specified rebate. For our Saltwater Fishing segment, if a dealer meets its quarterly or annual retail volume goals, the dealer is entitled to a specific rebate applied to their wholesale volume purchased. For Malibu, Cobalt and select Saltwater Fishing models, our dealers that take delivery of current model year boats in the offseason, typically July through April in the U.S., are also entitled to have us pay the interest to floor the boat until the earlier of (1) the sale of the unit or (2) a date near the end of the current model year, which incentive we refer to as “free flooring.” From time to time, we may extend the flooring program to eligible models beyond the offseason period.
Cost of Sales
Our cost of sales includes all of the costs to manufacture our products, including raw materials, components, supplies, direct labor and factory overhead. For components and accessories manufactured by third-party vendors, such costs represent the amounts invoiced by the vendors. Shipping costs and depreciation expense related to manufacturing equipment and facilities are also included in cost of sales. Warranty costs associated with the repair or replacement of our boats under warranty are also included in cost of sales.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses include selling and marketing, general and administrative and amortization costs. Each of these items includes personnel and related expenses, supplies, non-manufacturing overhead, third-party professional fees and various other operating expenses. Further, selling and marketing expenditures include the cost of advertising and various promotional sales incentive programs. General and administrative expenses include, among other things, salaries, benefits and other personnel related expenses for employees engaged in product development, engineering, finance, information technology, human resources and executive management. Other costs include outside legal and accounting fees, investor relations, risk management (insurance) and other administrative costs. General and administrative expenses also include product development expenses associated with our vertical integration initiative and acquisition or integration related expenses. Amortization expenses are associated with the amortization of intangibles.
Other (Income) Expense, Net
Other (income) expense, net consists of interest expense and other income or expense, net. Interest expense consists of interest charged under our outstanding debt and amortization of deferred financing costs on our credit facilities. Other income or expense includes adjustments to our tax receivable agreement liability and sublease income.
Malibu Boats, Inc. is subject to U.S. federal and state income tax in multiple jurisdictions with respect to our allocable share of any net taxable income of the LLC. The LLC is a pass-through entity for federal purposes but incurs income tax in certain state jurisdictions. Maverick Boat Group is separately subject to U.S. federal and state income tax with respect to its net taxable income.
Net Income Attributable to Non-controlling Interest
As of each of March 31, 2022 and 2021, we had a 97.2% controlling economic interest and 100% voting interest in the LLC and, therefore, we consolidate the LLC's operating results for financial statement purposes. Net income attributable to non-controlling interest represents the portion of net income attributable to the non-controlling LLC members.
The table below sets forth our unaudited interim consolidated results of operations, expressed in thousands (except unit volume and net sales per unit) and as a percentage of net sales, for the periods presented. Our unaudited interim consolidated financial results for these periods are not necessarily indicative of the consolidated financial results that we will achieve in future periods. Certain totals for the table below will not sum to exactly 100% due to rounding.
Three Months Ended March 31,
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
2022
2021
$
% Revenue
$
% Revenue
$
% Revenue
$
% Revenue
Net sales
344,287
100.0
%
273,162
100.0
%
861,671
100.0
%
649,793
100.0
%
Cost of sales
247,166
71.8
%
201,134
73.6
%
641,247
74.4
%
482,535
74.3
%
Gross profit
97,121
28.2
%
72,028
26.4
%
220,424
25.6
%
167,258
25.7
%
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing
6,773
2.0
%
4,667
1.7
%
17,548
2.0
%
12,280
1.9
%
General and administrative
17,129
5.0
%
18,402
6.7
%
49,207
5.7
%
45,092
6.9
%
Amortization
1,682
0.4
%
2,094
0.8
%
5,257
0.7
%
5,142
0.8
%
Operating income
71,537
20.8
%
46,865
17.2
%
148,412
17.2
%
104,744
16.1
%
Other expense, net:
Other income, net
(10)
—
%
(7)
—
%
(33)
—
%
(29)
—
%
Interest expense
650
0.2
%
796
0.3
%
1,990
0.2
%
1,797
0.3
%
Other expense, net
640
0.2
%
789
0.3
%
1,957
0.2
%
1,768
0.3
%
Income before provision for income taxes
70,897
20.6
%
46,076
16.9
%
146,455
17.0
%
102,976
15.8
%
Provision for income taxes
16,064
4.7
%
10,941
4.0
%
32,710
3.8
%
23,656
3.6
%
Net income
54,833
15.9
%
35,135
12.9
%
113,745
13.2
%
79,320
12.2
%
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
1,955
0.6
%
1,339
0.5
%
4,032
0.5
%
3,206
0.5
%
Net income attributable to Malibu Boats, Inc.
52,878
15.3
%
33,796
12.4
%
109,713
12.7
%
76,114
11.7
%
Three Months Ended March 31,
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Unit Volumes
% Total
Unit Volumes
% Total
Unit Volumes
% Total
Unit Volumes
% Total
Volume by Segment
Malibu
1,457
56.9
%
1,385
56.5
%
3,695
55.5
%
3,517
60.3
%
Saltwater Fishing
551
21.5
%
565
23.0
%
1,505
22.6
%
863
14.8
%
Cobalt
554
21.6
%
504
20.5
%
1,459
21.9
%
1,451
24.9
%
Total units
2,562
100.0
%
2,454
100.0
%
6,659
100
%
5,831
100
%
Net sales per unit
$
134,382
$
111,313
$
129,399
$
111,438
Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Net Sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased $71.1 million, or 26.0%, to $344.3 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven primarily by year over year price increases, a favorable model mix and increased unit volumes primarily in our Malibu and Cobalt segments. We recognized an increase in net sales across all three segments and increase in volumes at our Malibu and Cobalt segments during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Unit volume for the three months ended March 31, 2022, increased 108 units, or 4.4%, to 2,562 units as
compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Our unit volume increased primarily due to strong demand at our Malibu and Cobalt segments.
Net sales attributable to our Malibu segment increased $40.8 million, or 29.6%, to $178.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Unit volumes attributable to our Malibu segment increased 72 units for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven by year over year price increases, a favorable model mix and increased volume.
Net sales attributable to our Saltwater Fishing segment increased $13.8 million, or 17.2%, to $93.7 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Unit volume decreased 14 units for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven primarily by year over year price increases and favorable model mix, partially offset by a decrease in volumes due to production of larger, more complex boats.
Net sales attributable to our Cobalt segment increased $16.5 million, or 30.0%, to $71.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Unit volumes attributable to Cobalt increased 50 units for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven by year over year price increases, increased volume, a favorable model mix.
Overall consolidated net sales per unit increased 20.7% to $134,382 per unit for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Net sales per unit for our Malibu segment increased 23.2% to $122,732 per unit for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, driven by year over year price increases and a favorable model mix. Net sales per unit for our Saltwater Fishing segment increased 20.2% to $169,980 per unit for the three months ended March 31, 2022 driven by year over year price increases and a favorable mix of models. Net sales per unit for our Cobalt segment increased 18.2% to $129,617 per unit for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021, driven by year over year price increases and a favorable model mix.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased $46.0 million, or 22.9%, to $247.2 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in cost of sales was driven by higher costs related to higher net sales in all our segments, increased prices due to supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures that have impacted prices on parts and components. In the Malibu segment, higher per unit material and labor costs contributed $20.8 million to the increase in cost of sales and were driven by an increased mix of larger products that corresponded with higher net sales per unit. Within our Saltwater Fishing segment, higher per unit material and labor costs contributed $9.4 million to the increase in cost of sales and were driven by an increased mix of larger products that corresponded with higher net sales per unit. In the Cobalt segment, higher per unit material and labor costs contributed $11.8 million to the increase in cost of sales and were driven by an increased mix of larger products that corresponded with higher net sales per unit.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased $25.1 million, or 34.8%, to $97.1 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in gross profit was driven primarily by higher sales revenue partially offset by the increased cost of sales for the reasons noted above. Gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased 180 basis points from 26.4% to 28.2% driven primarily by a favorable mix of models that corresponded with higher net sales per unit.
Operating Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased $2.1 million, or 45.1% to $6.8 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was driven primarily by increased travel and promotional events and increased compensation and personnel-related expenses. As a percentage of sales, selling and marketing expenses increased 30 basis points to 2.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to 1.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 decreased $1.3 million, or 6.9%, to $17.1 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 driven primarily by a decrease in compensation and personnel-related expenses and a decrease in professional fees offset by an increase in information technology infrastructure expenses and travel. As a percentage of sales, general and administrative expenses decreased 170 basis points to 5.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to 6.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022 decreased $0.4 million, or 19.7% to $1.7 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease is due to a decrease of amortization expense related to fully amortized intangibles.
Other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2022 decreased by $0.1 million, or 18.9% to $0.6 million, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The decrease in other expense resulted primarily from decreased interest expense due to lower average outstanding debt during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Provision for Income Taxes
Our provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022, increased $5.1 million, or 46.8%, to $16.1 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase primarily resulted from increased pre-tax earnings. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, our effective tax rate of 22.7% and 23.7%, respectively, exceeded the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% primarily due to the impact of U.S. state taxes. This increase in tax rate in both periods was partially offset by a windfall benefit generated by certain stock-based compensation, as well as the benefits of the foreign derived intangible income deduction, the research and development tax credit, and the impact of non-controlling interests in the LLC.
Non-controlling Interest
Non-controlling interest represents the ownership interests of the members of the LLC other than us and the amount recorded as non-controlling interest in our unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income is computed by multiplying pre-tax income for the applicable period, by the percentage ownership in the LLC not directly attributable to us. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the weighted-average non-controlling interest attributable to ownership interests in the LLC not directly attributable to us was 2.8% and 3.0%, respectively.
Comparison of the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2022 to the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2021
Net Sales
Net sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 increased $211.9 million, or 32.6%, to $861.7 million as compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven primarily by increased unit volumes due to the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020, year over year price increases and a favorable model mix. We recognized an increase in net sales and volumes across all three segments during the nine months ended March 31, 2022. Unit volume for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, increased 828 units, or 14.2%, to 6,659 units as compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. Our unit volume increased primarily due to the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020.
Net sales attributable to our Malibu segment increased $84.1 million, or 24.3%, to $430.5 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. Unit volumes attributable to our Malibu segment increased 178 units for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven by year over year price increases, a favorable model mix and increased volume.
Net sales attributable to our Saltwater Fishing segment increased $89.5 million, or 57.3%, to $245.6 million, for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. Unit volume increased 642 units for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven primarily by the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020, year over year price increases and a favorable model mix.
Net sales attributable to our Cobalt segment increased $38.3 million, or 26.0%, to $185.5 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. Unit volumes attributable to Cobalt increased eight units for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in net sales was driven primarily by a favorable model mix and year over year price increases.
Overall consolidated net sales per unit increased 16.1% to $129,399 per unit for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. Net sales per unit for our Malibu segment increased 18.3% to $116,516 per unit for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021, driven primarily by year over year price increases and a favorable model mix. Net sales per unit for our Saltwater Fishing segment decreased 9.8% to $163,207 per unit for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 driven primarily by mix of models due mostly to the inclusion of lower priced models from our acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020. Net sales per unit for our Cobalt segment increased 25.3% to $127,155 per unit for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021, driven primarily by a favorable model mix and year over year price increases.
Cost of sales for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 increased $158.7 million, or 32.9%, to $641.2 million as compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in cost of sales was driven by higher costs related to higher net sales in all our segments, increased prices due to supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures that have impacted prices on parts and components (as discussed above in "Outlook"). In the Malibu segment, higher per unit material and labor costs contributed $45.5 million to the increase in cost of sales and were driven by an increased mix of larger products that corresponded with higher net sales per unit. Within our Saltwater Fishing segment, higher volumes, primarily related to the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group, drove $57.0 million of increase in cost of sales which was also modestly impacted by higher per unit costs. In the Cobalt segment, higher per unit material and labor costs contributed $26.8 million to the increase in cost of sales and were driven by an increased mix of larger products that corresponded with higher net sales per unit.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 increased $53.2 million, or 31.8%, to $220.4 million compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in gross profit was driven primarily by higher sales revenue partially offset by the increased cost of sales for the reasons noted above. Gross margin for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 decreased10 basis points from 25.7% to 25.6% driven primarily by mix of models due mostly to the inclusion of lower priced models from the Maverick Boat Group, which we acquired on December 31, 2020.
Operating Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 increased $5.3 million, or 42.9% to $17.5 million compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase was driven primarily by incremental selling and marketing expenses from the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group, increased compensation and personnel-related expenses and increased travel and promotional events that have since resumed in the nine months ended March 31, 2022 after being suspended for COVID-19 during the nine months ended March 31, 2021. As a percentage of sales, selling and marketing expenses increased 10 basis points to 2.0% for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 compared to 1.9% for the nine months ended March 31, 2021. General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 increased $4.1 million, or 9.1%, to $49.2 million as compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021 driven primarily by an increase in compensation and personnel-related expenses, travel related expenses, information technology infrastructure expenses and incremental general and administrative expenses due to the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group partially offset by lower professional fees and a decrease in acquisition expenses related to the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020. As a percentage of sales, general and administrative expenses decreased 120 basis points to 5.7% for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 compared to 6.9% for the nine months ended March 31, 2021. Amortization expense for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 increased $0.1 million, or 2.2% to $5.3 million compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase is due to amortization of intangibles acquired as part of the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020 offset by a decrease of amortization expense related to fully amortized intangibles.
Other Expense, Net
Other expense, net for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 increased by $0.2 million, or 10.7% to $2.0 million compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in other expense resulted primarily from increased interest expense due to higher average outstanding debt during the nine months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021.
Provision for Income Taxes
Our provision for income taxes for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, increased $9.1 million, or 38.3%, to $32.7 million compared to the nine months ended March 31, 2021. The increase primarily resulted from increased pre-tax earnings. For the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, our effective tax rate of 22.3% and 23.0%, respectively, exceeded the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% primarily due to the impact of U.S. state taxes. This increase in tax rate in both periods was partially offset by a windfall benefit generated by certain stock-based compensation, as well as the benefits of the foreign derived intangible income deduction, the research and development tax credit, and the impact of non-controlling interests in the LLC.
Non-controlling Interest
Non-controlling interest represents the ownership interests of the members of the LLC other than us and the amount recorded as non-controlling interest in our unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income is computed by multiplying pre-tax income for the applicable period, by the percentage ownership in the
LLC not directly attributable to us. For the nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the weighted-average non-controlling interest attributable to ownership interests in the LLC not directly attributable to us was 2.8% and 3.2%, respectively.
GAAP Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are non-GAAP financial measures that are used by management as well as by investors, commercial bankers, industry analysts and other users of our financial statements.
We define adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, amortization and non-cash, non-recurring or non-operating expenses, including certain professional fees, acquisition and integration-related expenses and non-cash compensation expense.We define adjusted EBITDA margin as adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are not measures of net income as determined by GAAP. Management believes adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin allow investors to evaluate the Company’s operating performance and compare our results of operations from period to period on a consistent basis by excluding items that management does not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA to assist in highlighting trends in our operating results without regard to our financing methods, capital structure and non-recurring or non-operating expenses. We exclude the items listed above from net income in arriving at adjusted EBITDA because these amounts can vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures, the methods by which assets were acquired and other factors. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income as determined in accordance with GAAP or as an indicator of our liquidity. Certain items excluded from adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing a company’s financial performance, such as a company’s cost of capital and tax structure, as well as the historical costs of depreciable assets. Our presentation of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin should not be construed as an inference that our results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our computations of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net income as determined in accordance with GAAP to adjusted EBITDA and presentation of net income margin and adjusted EBITDA margin for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31,
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Net income
$
54,833
$
35,135
$
113,745
$
79,320
Provision for income taxes
16,064
10,941
32,710
23,656
Interest expense
650
796
1,990
1,797
Depreciation
4,848
4,130
14,379
11,215
Amortization
1,682
2,094
5,257
5,142
Professional fees 1
—
948
—
3,186
Acquisition and integration related expenses 2
—
1,530
—
4,107
Stock-based compensation expense 3
1,691
1,449
4,547
4,060
Adjusted EBITDA
$
79,768
$
57,023
$
172,628
$
132,483
Net Sales
$
344,287
$
273,162
$
861,671
$
649,793
Net Income Margin 4
15.9
%
12.9
%
13.2
%
12.2
%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin 4
23.2
%
20.9
%
20.0
%
20.4
%
(1)
For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, represents legal and advisory fees related to our litigation with Skier's Choice, Inc.
(2)
For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, represents legal and advisory fees incurred in connection with our acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020. Integration related expenses for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, include post-acquisition adjustments to cost of goods sold of $0.9 million for the fair value step up of inventory acquired from Maverick Boat Group, which was sold during the third quarter of fiscal 2021.
(3)
Represents equity-based incentives awarded to certain of our employees under the Malibu Boats, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan and profit interests issued under the previously existing limited liability company agreement of the LLC. See Note 14 to our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.
(4)
We calculate net income margin as net income divided by net sales and we define adjusted EBITDA margin as adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales.
We define Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income as net income attributable to Malibu Boats, Inc. (i) excluding income tax expense, (ii) excluding the effect of non-recurring or non-cash items, (iii) assuming the exchange of all LLC Units into shares of Class A Common Stock, which results in the elimination of non-controlling interest in the LLC, and (iv) reflecting an adjustment for income tax expense on fully distributed net income before income taxes at our estimated effective income tax rate. Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income is a non-GAAP financial measure because it represents net income attributable to Malibu Boats, Inc., before non-recurring or non-cash items and the effects of non-controlling interests in the LLC.
We use Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income to facilitate a comparison of our operating performance on a consistent basis from period to period that, when viewed in combination with our results prepared in accordance with GAAP, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business than GAAP measures alone.
We believe Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income assists our board of directors, management and investors in comparing our net income on a consistent basis from period to period because it removes non-cash or non-recurring items, and eliminates the variability of non-controlling interest as a result of member owner exchanges of LLC Units into shares of Class A Common Stock.
In addition, because Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income is susceptible to varying calculations, the Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income measures, as presented in this Quarterly Report, may differ from and may, therefore, not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.
The following table shows the reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for net income available to Class A Common Stock per share to Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income per Share of Class A Common Stock for the periods presented (in thousands except share and per share data):
Three Months Ended March 31,
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Reconciliation of numerator for net income available to Class A Common Stock per share to Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income per Share of Class A Common Stock:
Net income attributable to Malibu Boats, Inc.
$
52,878
$
33,796
$
109,713
$
76,114
Provision for income taxes
16,064
10,941
32,710
23,656
Professional fees 1
—
948
—
3,186
Acquisition and integration related expenses 2
1,641
3,170
4,995
7,894
Stock-based compensation expense 3
1,691
1,449
4,547
4,060
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest 4
1,955
1,339
4,032
3,206
Fully distributed net income before income taxes
74,229
51,643
155,997
118,116
Income tax expense on fully distributed income before income taxes 5
Reconciliation of denominator for net income available to Class A Common Stock per share to Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income per Share of Class A Common Stock:
Weighted-average shares outstanding of Class A Common Stock used for basic net income per share:
20,777,512
20,799,405
20,843,040
20,722,339
Adjustments to weighted-average shares of Class A Common Stock:
Weighted-average LLC Units held by non-controlling unit holders 6
600,919
643,292
600,919
686,407
Weighted-average unvested restricted stock awards issued to management 7
268,387
231,165
246,737
206,406
Adjusted weighted-average shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding used in computing Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income per Share of Class A Common Stock:
21,646,818
21,673,862
21,690,696
21,615,152
The following table shows the reconciliation of net income available to Class A Common Stock per share to Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income per Share of Class A Common Stock for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended March 31,
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Net income available to Class A Common Stock per share
$
2.54
$
1.62
$
5.26
$
3.67
Impact of adjustments:
Provision for income taxes
0.77
0.53
1.57
1.14
Professional fees 1
—
0.04
—
0.15
Acquisition and integration related expenses 2
0.08
0.15
0.24
0.38
Stock-based compensation expense 3
0.08
0.07
0.22
0.20
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest 4
0.09
0.06
0.19
0.15
Fully distributed net income per share before income taxes
3.56
2.47
7.48
5.69
Impact of income tax expense on fully distributed income before income taxes 5
(0.85)
(0.59)
(1.78)
(1.34)
Impact of increased share count 8
(0.10)
(0.06)
(0.22)
(0.18)
Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income per Share of Class A Common Stock
For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, represents legal and advisory fees related to our litigation with Skier's Choice, Inc.
(2)
For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022, represents amortization of intangibles acquired in connection with the acquisitions of Maverick Boat Group, Pursuit and Cobalt. For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, represents, legal and advisory fees incurred in connection with the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group and the amortization of intangibles acquired in connection with the acquisitions of Maverick Boat Group, Pursuit and Cobalt.
(3)
Represents equity-based incentives awarded to certain of our employees under the Malibu Boats, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan and profit interests issued under the previously existing limited liability company agreement of the LLC. See Note 14 to our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.
(4)
Reflects the elimination of the non-controlling interest in the LLC as if all LLC members had fully exchanged their LLC Units for shares of Class A Common Stock.
(5)
Reflects income tax expense at an estimated normalized annual effective income tax rate of 23.8% and 23.6% of income before income taxes for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, assuming the conversion of all LLC Units into shares of Class A Common Stock. The estimated normalized annual effective income tax rate for fiscal year 2022 is based on the federal statutory rate plus a blended state rate adjusted for the research and development tax credit, the foreign derived intangible income deduction, and foreign income taxes attributable to our Australian subsidiary.
(6)
Represents the weighted-average shares outstanding of LLC Units held by non-controlling interests assuming they were exchanged into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis.
(7)
Represents the weighted-average unvested restricted stock awards included in outstanding shares during the applicable period that were convertible into Class A Common Stock and granted to members of management.
(8)
Reflects impact of increased share counts assuming the exchange of all weighted-average shares outstanding of LLC Units into shares of Class A Common Stock and the conversion of all weighted-average unvested restricted stock awards included in outstanding shares granted to members of management.
Our primary sources of funds are cash provided by operating activities and borrowings under our credit agreement. Our primary use of funds has been for capital investments, repayments under our debt arrangements, acquisitions and cash payments under our tax receivable agreement. The following table summarizes the cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities (dollars in thousands):
Nine Months Ended March 31,
2022
2021
Total cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities
$
119,042
$
100,369
Investing activities
(46,636)
(169,544)
Financing activities
(56,932)
78,368
Impact of currency exchange rates on cash balances
13
13
Increase in cash
$
15,487
$
9,206
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was $119.0 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $100.4 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2021, an increase of $18.7 million. The increase in cash provided by operating activities primarily resulted from an increase of $37.6 million in net income (after consideration of non-cash items included in net income, primarily related to depreciation, amortization, deferred tax assets and non-cash compensation) offset by a net decrease in operating assets and liabilities of $18.9 million related to the timing of collections of accounts receivables, payments for accruals and payables, and purchases of inventory.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $46.6 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, and $169.5 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2021. Net cash used for investing activities for the nine months ended March 31, 2022 was primarily for general capital expenditures, expansion projects at our Saltwater Fishing facilities and the acquisition of certain assets of AmTech, LLC and BTR, LLC. Net cash used for investing activities for the nine months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily related to the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group on December 31, 2020.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $56.9 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2022, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $78.4 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2021, a change of $135.3 million. During the nine months ended March 31, 2022, we repaid $20.0 million of borrowings under our revolving credit facility and repurchased $30.2 million of our Class A Common Stock under our previously announced stock repurchase program. We also repaid $3.9 million on our term loans, paid $2.1 million on taxes for shares withheld upon the vesting of restricted stock awards, paid $1.7 million in distributions to LLC Unit holders and received $1.0 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options. During the nine months ended March 31, 2021, we received proceeds of $25.0 million from a new incremental term loan and $65.0 million from additional borrowings under our revolving credit facility to fund the acquisition of Maverick Boat Group. We also repaid $8.8 million of borrowings under our revolving credit facility, we repaid $0.3 million on our term loan, paid $1.2 million on taxes for shares withheld upon the vesting of restricted stock awards, paid $0.6 million in deferred financing costs, paid $1.0 million in distributions to LLC unit holders and received $0.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
Loans and Commitments
We amended our existing credit agreement on December 30, 2020 in connection with our acquisition of Maverick Boat Group. As a result of that amendment, we currently have a revolving credit facility with borrowing capacity of up to $170.0 million and $95.4 million aggregate principal amount of term loans outstanding. As of March 31, 2022, we had $25.0 million outstanding under our revolving credit facility and $1.3 million in outstanding letters of credit, with $143.7 million available for borrowing. Our revolving credit facility matures on July 1, 2024. Our term loan in a principal amount of $25.0 million, of which $23.4 million is outstanding as of March 31, 2022 (which we refer to as the incremental term loan) matures on July 1, 2024 and our term loans in a principal amount of $75.0 million, of which $72.0 million is outstanding as of March 31, 2022 (which we refer to as the existing term loans, and together with the incremental term loan, the term loans), mature on July 1, 2022. We expect to repay in full the $72.0 million of outstanding term loans that mature on July 1, 2022 with cash from operations. The revolving credit facility and term loans are governed by a credit agreement with Boats LLC as the borrower and
Truist Bank, as the administrative agent, swingline lender and issuing bank. The obligations of Boats LLC under the credit agreement are guaranteed by the LLC and, subject to certain exceptions, the present and future domestic subsidiaries of Boats LLC, and all such obligations are secured by substantially all of the assets of the LLC, Boats LLC and such subsidiary guarantors. Malibu Boats, Inc. is not a party to the credit agreement.
Borrowings under our credit agreement bear interest at a rate equal to either, at our option, (i) the highest of the prime rate, the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5%, or one-month LIBOR plus 1% (the “Base Rate”) or (ii) LIBOR, in each case plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.25% to 2.25% with respect to LIBOR borrowings and 0.25% to 1.25% with respect to Base Rate borrowings. The applicable margin will be based upon the consolidated leverage ratio of the LLC and its subsidiaries calculated on a consolidated basis. As of March 31, 2022, the interest rate on our term loans and revolving credit facility was 1.70%. We are required to pay a commitment fee for the unused portion of the revolving credit facility, which will range from 0.20% to 0.40% per annum, depending on the LLC’s and its subsidiaries’ consolidated leverage ratio.
The credit agreement permits prepayment of the term loans without any penalties. The existing term loans required an amortization payment of approximately $3.0 million on March 31, 2022 and the balance of the existing term loans are due on the scheduled maturity date of July 1, 2022. The incremental term loan of $25.0 million is subject to quarterly amortization at a rate of 5.0% per year through December 31, 2022, 7.5% per year through June 30, 2024 and the balance of the incremental term loan is due on the scheduled maturity date of July 1, 2024. The credit agreement also requires prepayments from the net cash proceeds received by Boats LLC or any guarantors from certain asset sales and recovery events, subject to certain reinvestment rights, and from excess cash flow, subject to the terms and conditions of the credit agreement.
The credit agreement contains certain customary representations and warranties, and notice requirements for the occurrence of specific events such as the occurrence of any event of default, or pending or threatened litigation. The credit agreement also requires compliance with certain customary financial covenants, including a minimum ratio of EBITDA to fixed charges and a maximum ratio of total debt to EBITDA. The credit agreement contains certain restrictive covenants, which, among other things, place limits on certain activities of the loan parties under the credit agreement, such as the incurrence of additional indebtedness and additional liens on property and limit the future payment of dividends or distributions. For example, the credit agreement generally prohibits the LLC, Boats LLC and the subsidiary guarantors from paying dividends or making distributions, including to us. The credit facility permits, however, (i) distributions based on a member’s allocated taxable income, (ii) distributions to fund payments that are required under the LLC’s tax receivable agreement, (iii) purchase of stock or stock options of the LLC from former officers, directors or employees of loan parties or payments pursuant to stock option and other benefit plans up to $3.0 million in any fiscal year, and (iv) share repurchase payments up to $35.0 million in any fiscal year subject to one-year carry forward and compliance with other financial covenants. In addition, the LLC may make dividends and distributions of up to $10.0 million in any fiscal year, subject to compliance with other financial covenants.
Potential Impact of LIBOR Transition
The Chief Executive of the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, has announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. However, for U.S dollar LIBOR, the relevant date has been deferred to at least June 30, 2023 for certain tenors (including overnight and one, three, six and 12 months), at which time the LIBOR administrator has indicated that it intends to cease publication of U.S. dollar LIBOR. Despite this deferral, the LIBOR administrator has advised that no new contracts using U.S. dollar LIBOR should be entered into after December 31, 2021. These actions indicate that the continuation of U.S. LIBOR on the current basis cannot and will not be guaranteed after June 30, 2023. Moreover, it is possible that U.S. LIBOR will be discontinued or modified prior to June 30, 2023.
All of our$120.4 million of debt outstanding under our credit agreement as of March 31, 2022 bears interest at a floating rate that uses LIBOR as the applicable reference rate to calculate the interest. Our credit agreement provides that, if it is publicly announced that the administrator of LIBOR has ceased or will cease to provide LIBOR, if it is publicly announced by the applicable regulatory supervisor that LIBOR is no longer representative or if either the administrative agent or lenders holding 50% of the aggregate principal amount of our revolving commitments and term loans elect, we and the administrative agent may amend our credit agreement to replace LIBOR with an alternative benchmark rate. This alternative benchmark rate may include a forward-looking term rate that is based on the secured overnight financing rate, also known as SOFR, published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
In addition, our tax receivable agreement provides that, if for any reason the LLC is not able to make a tax distribution in an amount that is sufficient to make any required payment under the tax receivable agreement or we otherwise lack sufficient funds, interest would accrue on any unpaid amounts at LIBOR plus 500 basis points until they are paid. Our tax receivable agreement, however, does not provide for an alternative reference rate to LIBOR and, while we do not currently anticipate
failing to pay any amounts owed under our tax receivable agreement, it is unclear how we would determine interest on any such amounts should we fail to pay as required under our tax receivable agreement.
If the rate used to calculate interest on our outstanding floating rate debt under our credit agreement that currently uses LIBOR were to increase by 1.0% either as a result of an increase in LIBOR or the result of the use of the alternative benchmark rate, we would expect to incur additional interest expense on such indebtedness as of March 31, 2022 of approximately $0.7 millionon an annualized basis. While we do not expect the potential impact of any LIBOR transition to have a material effect on our financial results based on our currently outstanding debt, uncertainty as to the nature of potential changes to LIBOR, fallback provisions, alternative reference rates or other reforms could adversely impact our interest expense on our floating rate debt that currently uses LIBOR as the applicable reference rate. In addition, any alternative reference rates to LIBOR may result in interest that does not correlate over time with the payments that would have been made on our indebtedness if LIBOR was available in its current form. Further, the discontinuance or modification of LIBOR and uncertainty of an alternative reference rate may result in the increase in the cost of future indebtedness, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, cash flow and results of operations. We intend to closely monitor the financial markets and the use of fallback provisions and alternative reference rates in anticipation of the discontinuance or modification of U.S. LIBOR by June 30, 2023.
Future Liquidity Needs and Capital Expenditures
Management believes that our existing cash and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to fund our operations for the next 12 months. We estimate that approximately $3.8 million will be due under the tax receivable agreement within the next 12 months. In accordance with the tax receivable agreement, the next payment is anticipated to occur approximately 75 days after filing the federal tax return which was filed on March 14, 2022. We expect to repay in full the $72.0 million of outstanding term loans that mature on July 1, 2022 with cash from operations.
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the general economic environment in which we operate and our ability to generate cash flow from operations, which are more uncertain as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing supply chain disruptions and the impact on the general economy. Our liquidity needs during this uncertain time will depend on multiple factors, including our ability to continue operations and production of boats, the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects on our dealers, suppliers and retail customers, the availability of sufficient amounts of financing, and our operating performance.
Stock Repurchase Program
On November 3, 2021, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to allow for the repurchase of up to $70.0 million of our Class A Common Stock and the LLC's LLC Units (the “Repurchase Program”) for the period from November 8, 2021 to November 8, 2022. We intend to fund repurchases under the Repurchase Program from cash on hand. During the nine months ended March 31, 2022, we repurchased 475,143 shares of Class A Common Stock for $30.2 million in cash including related fees and expenses. As of March 31, 2022, we may repurchase up to an additional $39.8 million in shares of Class A Common Stock and LLC Units under the program.
As of March 31, 2022, our continuing contractual obligations were as follows:
Payments Due by Period
Total
Less than 1 Year
1-3 Years
3-5 Years
More than 5 Years
Bank debt 1
$
120,438
$
73,406
$
47,032
$
—
$
—
Interest expense 2
2,135
1,138
997
—
—
Operating leases 3
14,114
2,523
5,014
4,511
2,066
Purchase obligations 4
204,654
204,654
—
—
—
Payments pursuant to tax receivable agreement 5
48,214
3,773
8,006
8,581
27,854
Total
$
389,555
$
285,494
$
61,049
$
13,092
$
29,920
(1)
Principal payments on our outstanding bank debt per terms of our credit agreement, which is comprised of our $170.0 million revolving credit facility, of which$25.0 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2022, $75.0 million of our existing term loans, of which $72.0 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2022, and $25.0 million of our incremental term loan, of which $23.4 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2022.Assumesnoadditionalborrowingsorrepaymentsunderourrevolvingcreditfacilitypriortoitsmaturity.Our existing term loans mature on July 1, 2022 and we expect to repay them in full with cash from operations. The incremental term loan matures on July 1, 2024 and the revolving credit facility matures on July 1, 2024.
(2)
Interest payments on our outstanding term loans under our credit agreement. Our term loan bears interest at variable rates. We have calculated future interest obligations based on the interest rate as of March 31, 2022.
(3)
Pursuant to the adoption of ASC Topic 842, Leases, as of July 1, 2019 our lease liability for all leases with terms greater than 12 months as represented on the balance sheet respective of maturity.
(4)
As part of the normal course of business, we enter into purchase orders from a variety of suppliers, primarily for raw materials, in order to manage our various operating needs. The orders are expected to be purchased throughout fiscal year 2022 and 2023.
(5)
Reflects amounts owed under our tax receivables agreement that we entered into with our pre-IPO owners at the time of our IPO. Under the tax receivables agreement, we pay the pre-IPO owners (or any permitted assignees) 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that we actually realize, or in some circumstances are deemed to realize, as a result of an expected increase in our share of tax basis in LLC’s tangible and intangible assets, including increases attributable to payments made under the tax receivable agreement. These obligations will not be paid if we do not realize cash tax savings.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
In connection with our dealers’ wholesale floor plan financing of boats, we have entered into repurchase arrangements with various lending institutions. The repurchase commitment is on an individual unit basis with a term from the date it is financed by the lending institution through payment date by the dealer, generally not exceeding two and a half years. Such arrangements are customary in the industry and our exposure to loss under such arrangements is limited by the resale value of the inventory which is required to be repurchased. Refer to Note 16 of our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report for further information on repurchase commitments.
Seasonality
Our dealers experience seasonality in their business. Retail demand for boats is seasonal, with a significant majority of sales occurring during peak boating season, which coincides with our first and fourth fiscal quarters. In order to minimize the impact of this seasonality on our business, we manage our manufacturing processes and structure dealer incentives to tie our annual volume rebates program to consistent ordering patterns, encouraging dealers to purchase our products throughout the year. In this regard, we may offer free flooring incentives to dealers from the beginning of our model year through April 30 of each year. Further, in the event that a dealer does not consistently order units throughout the year, such dealer’s rebate is materially reduced. We may offer off-season retail promotions to our dealers in seasonally slow months, during and ahead of boat shows, to encourage retail demand.
Critical Accounting Policies
As of March 31, 2022, there were no other significant changes in the application of our critical accounting policies or estimation procedures from those presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2021.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2021, for a complete discussion on the Company’s market risk. There have been no material changes in market risk from those disclosed in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2021.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of March 31, 2022.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
The discussion of legal matters under the section entitled "Legal Proceedings" is incorporated by reference from Note 16 of our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
During the quarter ended March 31, 2022, there were no material changes to the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2021.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
None.
Repurchase of Class A Common Stock
This table provides information with respect to purchases by us of shares of our Class A Common Stock under our Repurchase Program during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 (in thousands except share and per share data).
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased
Average Price Paid Per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan (1)
January
—
$
—
—
$
64,772
February
73,310
67.22
151,045
59,844
March
324,098
61.98
475,143
39,790
Total
397,408
$
63.01
475,143
$
39,790
(1) On November 3, 2021, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to allow for the repurchase of up to $70.0 million of our Class A Common Stock and the LLC's LLC Units for the period from November 8, 2021 to November 8, 2022. The Repurchase Program was publicly announced on November 4, 2021. Upon repurchase, the shares were classified as treasury stock and then subsequently retired. In accordance with the terms of the LLC’s limited liability company agreement, an equal number of LLC Units were also canceled. As of March 31, 2022, we may repurchase up to an additional $39.8 million in shares of Class A Common Stock and LLC Units under this program.
Exchange Agreement, dated as of February 5, 2014, by and among Malibu Boats, Inc. and Affiliates of Black Canyon Capital LLC and Horizon Holdings, LLC 2
Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of February 5, 2014, by and among Malibu Boats, Inc., Malibu Boats Holdings, LLC and the Other Members of Malibu Boats Holdings, LLC 2
Certificate of the Chief Executive Officer of Malibu Boats, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of Malibu Boats, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Malibu Boats, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101
The following financial statements from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 were formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss), (ii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags.
104
The cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL (Included as Exhibit 101).
(1) Filed as an exhibit to Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-192862) filed on January 8, 2014.
(2) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36290) filed on February 6, 2014.
(3) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A (File No. 001-36290) filed on May 13, 2014.
(4) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36290) filed on June 27, 2014.
(5) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-36290) filed on August 26, 2021.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
May 10, 2022
MALIBU BOATS, INC.
By:
/s/ Jack Springer
Jack Springer,
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
By:
/s/ Wayne Wilson
Wayne Wilson,
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
