Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesx No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yesx No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12(b)-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer
x
Accelerated Filer
☐
Non-Accelerated Filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
☐
Emerging growth company
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x
Number of shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding as of October 21, 2022 was 70,564,728.
Supplemental Disclosures of Non-cash Investing Activities
Equity consideration received from disposition of assets
$
250
$
—
Purchase of mortgage servicing rights
$
7
$
12
Forward mortgage servicing rights sales price holdback
$
15
$
2
Equity consideration received from sale of business
$
—
$
53
(1)The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
September 30, 2022
September 30, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents
$
530
$
731
Restricted cash
148
118
Restricted cash within assets of discontinued operations
—
65
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
$
678
$
914
See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(millions of dollars, unless otherwise stated)
1. Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation
Nature of Business
Mr. Cooper Group Inc., collectively with its consolidated subsidiaries, (“Mr. Cooper,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) provides servicing, origination and transaction-based services related to single family residences throughout the United States with operations under its primary brands: Mr. Cooper® and Xome®. Mr. Cooper is one of the largest home loan originators and servicers in the country focused on delivering a variety of servicing and lending products, services and technologies. The Company’s corporate website is located at www.mrcoopergroup.com. The Company has provided a glossary of terms, which defines certain industry-specific and other terms that are used herein, in Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of this Form 10-Q.
Basis of Presentation
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited; however, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim periods have been included. Dollar amounts are reported in millions, except per share data and other key metrics, unless otherwise noted.
Share-based compensation for restricted stock units granted to employees of the Company, consultants, and non-employee directors is based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date and recognized as an expense over the requisite employee service period on a straight-line basis using an accelerated attribution model. Shares for these awards are issued to employees from treasury stock.
Basis of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest and those variable interest entities (“VIE”) where the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries are the primary beneficiaries. Assets and liabilities of VIEs and their respective results of operations are consolidated from the date that the Company became the primary beneficiary through the date the Company ceases to be the primary beneficiary. The Company applies the equity method of accounting to investments where it is able to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the policies and procedures of the entity and owns less than 50% of the voting interests. These investments are initially measured at cost and subsequently adjusted for Company’s proportionate share of earnings and losses in the investee. Investments in certain companies over which the Company does not exert significant influence are recorded at fair value, or at cost upon election of measurement alternative, at the end of each reporting period. Intercompany balances and transactions on consolidated entities have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates due to factors such as adverse changes in the economy, macro-economic uncertainty, changes in interest rates, secondary market pricing for loans held for sale and derivatives, strength of underwriting and servicing practices, changes in prepayment assumptions, declines in home prices or discrete events adversely affecting specific borrowers and such differences could be material.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made in the 2021 condensed consolidated statement of cash flows to conform to 2022 presentation. Such reclassifications were not material and did not affect total revenues or net income.
The Company did not adopt any accounting guidance during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 that had a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
2. Dispositions
Sale of Mortgage Servicing Platform
On March 31, 2022, the Company completed the sale of certain assets and liabilities of its servicing and subservicing technology platform for performing and non-performing mortgage loans (the “Mortgage Servicing Platform”) to Sagent M&C, LLC (“Sagent”), in exchange for Class A-1 Common Units equal to 19.9% ownership of Sagent, and the sale of certain tangible personal property of the Company used in the conduct of the Mortgage Servicing Platform in exchange for $9.9 in cash, for total consideration of $260 (the “Sagent Transaction”). In connection with the Sagent Transaction, the Company recorded a gain of $223, which was included in “other income, net” within the condensed consolidated statements of operations, and recorded $4 transaction costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. No transaction costs were recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2022. The net carrying amount of assets and liabilities transferred in connection with the Sagent Transaction was $31 and reported under Corporate/Other.
The Company accounted for the equity interest under the equity method of accounting, as the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over Sagent’s operating and financial decisions but does not own a majority equity interest or otherwise control the respective entity. Under the equity method of accounting, the investment is initially stated at cost and subsequently adjusted for additional investments and the Company’s proportionate share of Sagent’s earnings or losses and distributions. The initial cost of the equity interest recorded was $250, which represented the fair value as of March 31, 2022. The Company recorded a $5 loss during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 related to the Company's proportionate share of net loss of Sagent. The Company’s investment in Sagent was $245 as of September 30, 2022.
Sale of Reverse Servicing Portfolio
In 2021, the Company completed the sale of its reverse servicing portfolio, operating under Champion Mortgage brand (“Champion”), to Mortgage Assets Management, LLC and its affiliates (“MAM”) for total consideration of $1,640. Upon close of the transaction, MAM assumed Champion’s reverse portfolio and related operations. The Company recorded transaction costs of $5 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. There were no transaction costs recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities associated with the reverse servicing operation were reported under the Servicing segment. The sale of business represents a strategic shift in the Company’s operations. Therefore, the sale of the reverse servicing portfolio qualifies for reporting as discontinued operations, and the related results of operations are reported as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for prior periods presented.
As part of the transaction, the Company entered into a transitional servicing agreement with MAM, under which the Company was compensated for continuing to subservice the reverse loans through the date that the loans were transferred out of Company’s servicing system. The transfer of the loans out of the Company’s servicing system was completed on April 1, 2022. In addition, the Company retained certain loans, primarily related to previously liquidated loans. As of September 30, 2022, the retained total assets and total liabilities were $38 and $27, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, the retained total assets and total liabilities were $55 and $39, respectively. The retained assets and liabilities are included in “other assets”, and “payables and other liabilities”, respectively, on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The following table sets forth the condensed consolidated statements of operations data for discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Revenue - service related, net
$
4
$
13
Salaries, wages and benefits expense
(7)
(23)
General and administrative expense
(14)
50
Interest income
31
118
Interest expense
(26)
(90)
Loss on classification as discontinued operations
(3)
(64)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations before income tax (benefit) expense
(15)
4
Less: Income tax (benefit) expense
(4)
1
Net (loss) income from discontinued operations
$
(11)
$
3
3. Mortgage Servicing Rights and Related Liabilities
The following table sets forth the carrying value of the Company’s mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) and the related liabilities. In estimating the fair value of all mortgage servicing rights and related liabilities, the impact of the current environment was considered in the determination of key assumptions.
MSRs and Related Liabilities
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
MSRs - fair value
$
6,408
$
4,223
Excess spread financing - fair value
$
519
$
768
Mortgage servicing rights financing - fair value
20
10
MSR related liabilities - nonrecourse at fair value
$
539
$
778
Mortgage Servicing Rights
The following table sets forth the activities of MSRs:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
MSRs - Fair Value
2022
2021
Fair value - beginning of period
$
4,223
$
2,703
Additions:
Servicing retained from mortgage loans sold
481
790
Purchases of servicing rights
1,256
438
Dispositions:
Sales of servicing assets
(293)
(13)
Changes in fair value:
Changes in valuation inputs or assumptions used in the valuation model (MSR MTM)
1,363
476
Changes in valuation due to amortization
(644)
(772)
Other changes
22
44
Fair value - end of period
$
6,408
$
3,666
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company sold $20,723 and $1,266 in unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) of MSRs, of which $19,692 and $1,144 were retained by the Company as subservicer, respectively.
MSRs are segregated between investor type into agency and non-agency pools (referred to herein as “investor pools”) based upon contractual servicing agreements with investors at the respective balance sheet date to evaluate the MSR portfolio and fair value of the portfolio. Agency investors primarily consist of government sponsored enterprises (“GSE”), such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae” or “FNMA”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp (“Freddie Mac” or “FHLMC”), and the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae” or “GNMA”). Non-agency investors consist of investors in private-label securitizations.
The following table provides a breakdown of UPB and fair value for the Company’s MSRs:
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
MSRs - UPB and Fair Value Breakdown by Investor Pools
UPB
Fair Value
UPB
Fair Value
Agency
$
363,637
$
6,068
$
302,851
$
3,859
Non-agency
31,769
340
36,357
364
Total
$
395,406
$
6,408
$
339,208
$
4,223
Refer to Note 13, Fair Value Measurements, for further discussion on key weighted-average inputs and assumptions used in estimating the fair value of MSRs.
The following table shows the hypothetical effect on the fair value of the Company’s MSRs when applying certain unfavorable variations of key assumptions to these assets for the dates indicated:
Discount Rate
Total Prepayment Speeds
Cost to Service per Loan
MSRs - Hypothetical Sensitivities
100 bps
Adverse
Change
200 bps
Adverse
Change
10%
Adverse
Change
20%
Adverse
Change
10%
Adverse
Change
20%
Adverse
Change
September 30, 2022
Mortgage servicing rights
$
(266)
$
(512)
$
(142)
$
(276)
$
(66)
$
(132)
December 31, 2021
Mortgage servicing rights
$
(141)
$
(272)
$
(148)
$
(286)
$
(46)
$
(93)
These hypothetical sensitivities should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of an adverse change in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the impact of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated while holding other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects.
Excess Spread Financing - Fair Value
The Company had excess spread financing liability of $519 and $768 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Refer to Note 13, Fair Value Measurements, for key weighted-average inputs and assumptions used in the valuation of excess spread financing liability. In June 2022, the Company entered into an assignment agreement with an investor to repurchase excess spread liabilities for a total purchase price of $277.
The following table shows the hypothetical effect on the Company’s excess spread financing fair value when applying certain unfavorable variations of key assumptions to these liabilities for the dates indicated:
These hypothetical sensitivities should be evaluated with care. The effect on fair value of an adverse change in assumptions generally cannot be determined because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the fair value may not be linear. Additionally, the impact of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated while holding other assumptions constant. In reality, changes in one factor may lead to changes in other factors, which could impact the above hypothetical effects. Also, a positive change in the above assumptions would not necessarily correlate with the corresponding decrease in the net carrying amount of the excess spread financing. Excess spread financing’s cash flow assumptions that are utilized in determining fair value are based on the related cash flow assumptions used in the financed MSRs. Any fair value change recognized in the financed MSRs attributable to related cash flows assumptions would inherently have an inverse impact on the carrying amount of the related excess spread financing.
Mortgage Servicing Rights Financing - Fair Value
The Company had MSR financing liability of $20 and $10 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Refer to Note 13, Fair Value Measurements, for key weighted-average inputs and assumptions used in the valuation of the MSR financing liability.
Servicing Segment Revenues
The following table sets forth the items comprising total revenues for the Servicing segment:
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Total Revenues - Servicing
2022
2021
2022
2021
Contractually specified servicing fees(1)
$
371
$
280
$
1,076
$
831
Other service-related income(1)
—
158
68
517
Incentive and modification income(1)
5
10
23
38
Late fees(1)
19
19
57
53
Mark-to-market adjustments(2)
124
151
877
376
Amortization, net of accretion(3)
(169)
(202)
(570)
(567)
Other(4)
(18)
(65)
(88)
(224)
Total revenues - Servicing
$
332
$
351
$
1,443
$
1,024
(1)The Company recognizes revenue on an earned basis for services performed. Amounts include subservicing related revenues. Amounts also include servicing fees from loans sold with servicing retained of $172 and $488 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $128 and $353 for three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
(2)Mark-to-market (“MTM”) adjustments include fair value adjustments on MSR, excess spread financing and MSR financing liabilities. The amount of MSR MTM includes the impact of negative modeled cash flows which have been transferred to reserves on advances and other receivables. The negative modeled cash flows relate to advances and other receivables associated with inactive and liquidated loans that are no longer part of the MSR portfolio. The impact of negative modeled cash flows was $10 and $8 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and $22 and $28 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(3)Amortization is net of excess spread accretion of $14 and $59 during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, amortization is net of excess spread accretion of $74 and $205, respectively.
(4)Other represents the excess servicing fee that the Company pays to the counterparties under the excess spread financing arrangements, portfolio runoff and the payments made associated with MSR financing arrangements.
4. Advances and Other Receivables
Advances and other receivables, net, consists of the following:
Advances and Other Receivables, Net
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Servicing advances, net of $12 and $19 purchase discount, respectively
$
854
$
1,263
Receivables from agencies, investors and prior servicers, net of $7 and $12 purchase discount, respectively
The following table sets forth the activities of the servicing reserves for advances and other receivables:
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Reserves for Advances and Other Receivables
2022
2021
2022
2021
Balance - beginning of period
$
150
$
191
$
167
$
208
Provision and other additions(1)
19
18
53
59
Write-offs
(26)
(37)
(77)
(95)
Balance - end of period
$
143
$
172
$
143
$
172
(1)The Company recorded a provision of $10 and $8 through the MTM adjustments in “revenues - service related, net”, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $22 and $28 during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for inactive and liquidated loans that are no longer part of the MSR portfolio. Other additions represent reclassifications of required reserves provisioned within other balance sheet accounts as associated serviced loans become inactive or liquidate.
Purchase Discount for Advances and Other Receivables
The following tables set forth the activities of the purchase discounts for advances and other receivables:
Three Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
Purchase Discount for Advances and Other Receivables
Servicing Advances
Receivables from Agencies, Investors and Prior Servicers
Servicing Advances
Receivables from Agencies, Investors and Prior Servicers
Balance - beginning of period
$
14
$
8
$
31
$
20
Utilization of purchase discounts
(2)
(1)
(1)
(7)
Balance - end of period
$
12
$
7
$
30
$
13
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
Purchase Discount for Advances and Other Receivables
Servicing Advances
Receivables from Agencies, Investors and Prior Servicers
Servicing Advances
Receivables from Agencies, Investors and Prior Servicers
Balance - beginning of period
$
19
$
12
$
72
$
21
Utilization of purchase discounts
(7)
(5)
(42)
(8)
Balance - end of period
$
12
$
7
$
30
$
13
Credit Loss for Advances and Other Receivables
As of September 30, 2022, the total current expected credit loss (“CECL”) reserve was $34, of which $27 and $7 were recorded in reserves and purchase discount for advances and other receivables, respectively. There were no material changes to CECL reserves in 2022. As of September 30, 2021, the total CECL reserve was $29, of which $19 and $10 were recorded in reserves and purchase discount for advances and other receivables, respectively. There were no material changes to CECL reserves in 2021 except for a write-off of $16 in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
The Company determined that the credit-related risk associated with applicable financial instruments typically increase with the passage of time. The CECL reserve methodology considers these financial instruments collectible to a point in time of 39 months. Any projected remaining balance at the end of the collection period is considered a loss and factors into the overall CECL loss rate required.
Mortgage loans held for sale are recorded at fair value as set forth below:
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Mortgage loans held for sale – UPB
$
1,670
$
4,257
Mark-to-market adjustment(1)
(89)
124
Total mortgage loans held for sale
$
1,581
$
4,381
(1)The mark-to-market adjustment includes net change in unrealized gain/loss, premium on correspondent loans and fees on direct-to-consumer loans. The mark-to-market adjustment is recorded in “net gain on mortgage loans held for sale” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following table sets forth the activities of mortgage loans held for sale:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
2022
2021
Balance - beginning of period
$
4,381
$
5,720
Loans sold
(30,648)
(73,822)
Mortgage loans originated and purchased, net of fees
25,120
67,507
Repurchase of loans out of Ginnie Mae securitizations
2,904
8,530
Net change in unrealized (loss) gain on retained loans held for sale
(177)
1
Net transfers of mortgage loans held for sale(1)
1
3
Balance - end of period
$
1,581
$
7,939
(1)Amount reflects transfers to other assets for loans transitioning into REO status and transfers to advances and other receivables, net, for claims made on certain government insurance mortgage loans. Transfers out are net of transfers in upon receipt of proceeds from an REO sale or claim filing.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company received proceeds of $30,440 on the sale of mortgage loans held for sale, resulting in a loss of $562. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company received proceeds of $74,968 on the sale of mortgage loans held for sale, resulting in a gain of $1,146.
The total UPB and fair value of mortgage loans held for sale on non-accrual status was as follows:
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
UPB
Fair Value
UPB
Fair Value
Non-accrual(1)
$
108
$
93
$
104
$
94
(1)Non-accrual UPB includes $97 and $94 of UPB related to Ginnie Mae repurchased loans as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
The total UPB of mortgage loans held for sale for which the Company has begun formal foreclosure proceedings was $52 and $16 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
15
6. Loans Subject to Repurchase from Ginnie Mae
Forward loans are sold to Ginnie Mae in conjunction with the issuance of mortgage backed securities. The Company, as the issuer of the mortgage backed securities, has the unilateral right to repurchase any individual loan in a Ginnie Mae securitization pool if that loan meets certain criteria, including payments not being received from borrowers for greater than 90 days. Once the Company has the unilateral right to repurchase a delinquent loan, it has effectively regained control over the loan and recognizes these rights to the loan on its condensed consolidated balance sheets and establishes a corresponding repurchase liability regardless of the Company’s intention to repurchase the loan. The Company had loans subject to repurchase from Ginnie Mae of $1,575 and $1,496 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which are included in both “other assets” and “payables and other liabilities” in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Loans subject to repurchase from Ginnie Mae as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 include $1,403 and $1,301 loans in forbearance related to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), respectively, whereby no payments have been received from borrowers for greater than 90 days.
7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The Company had goodwill of $120 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and intangible assets of $9 and $14 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Goodwill and intangible assets are included in “other assets” within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
8. Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative instruments are used as part of the overall strategy to manage exposure to market risks primarily associated with fluctuations in interest rates related to the Originations and Servicing segments. Derivative instruments utilized by the Company primarily include interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”), loan purchase commitments (“LPCs”), forward Mortgage Backed Securities (“MBS”) purchase commitments, Eurodollar and Treasury futures and interest rate swap futures. The changes in value on the derivative instruments associated with hedging loans held for sale fair value are recorded in earnings as a component of “net gain on mortgage loans held for sale” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and condensed consolidated statement of cash flows, while changes in the value of derivative instruments associated with the MSR portfolio fair value are recorded in “service related, net” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and in “loss on MSR hedging activities” on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
The following tables provide the outstanding notional balances, fair values of outstanding positions and recorded gains/(losses) for the derivative financial instruments. Gains/(losses) include both realized and unrealized gains/(losses) of each derivative financial instrument.
September 30, 2022
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Derivative Financial Instruments
Expiration Dates
Outstanding Notional
Fair Value
Gains/(Losses)
Assets
Mortgage loans held for sale
Loan sale commitments
2022
$
439
$
(3)
$
(28)
Derivative financial instruments
IRLCs
2022
$
1,118
$
21
$
(113)
LPCs
2022
53
1
(2)
Forward MBS trades
2022
2,296
74
542
Treasury futures
2022
—
—
4
Total derivative financial instruments - assets
$
3,467
$
96
$
431
Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
IRLCs
2022
$
551
$
8
$
(8)
LPCs
2022
223
5
(2)
Forward MBS trades
2022
458
19
(72)
Treasury futures
2022
806
62
(262)
Total derivative financial instruments - liabilities
$
2,038
$
94
$
(344)
September 30, 2021
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Derivative Financial Instruments
Expiration Dates
Outstanding Notional
Fair Value
Gains/(Losses)
Assets
Mortgage loans held for sale
Loan sale commitments
2021
$
1,435
$
29
$
(73)
Derivative financial instruments
IRLCs
2021
$
6,167
$
167
$
(247)
LPCs
2021
887
6
(33)
Forward MBS trades
2021
12,770
61
240
Swap futures
2021
—
—
1
Total derivative financial instruments - assets
$
19,824
$
234
$
(39)
Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
IRLCs
2021
$
25
$
—
$
—
LPCs
2021
2,208
13
(12)
Forward MBS trades
2021
6,553
23
(122)
Swap futures
2021
700
12
(18)
Total derivative financial instruments - liabilities
$
9,486
$
48
$
(152)
The Company held $23 and $27 in collateral deposits as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Collateral deposits are recorded in “other assets” in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments with amounts collected or deposited on derivative instruments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Advance, warehouse and MSR facilities principal amount
3,076
$
7,504
5,009
$
7,935
Unamortized debt issuance costs
(6)
(12)
Advance and warehouse facilities, net
$
3,070
$
4,997
(1)Total capacity for this facility is $1,200, of which $300 is internally allocated for advance financing and $900 is internally allocated for MSR financing; capacity is fully fungible and is not restricted by these allocations. The capacity was increased in October 2022 to $1,400, with $300 internally allocated for advance financing and $1,100 internally allocated for MSR financing.
(2)This facility was terminated in October 2022.
(3)The capacity amount for this facility is $1,000, of which $500 is a sublimit for MSR financing.
(4)This facility was terminated in January 2022.
(5)The capacity was increased in October 2022 to $500.
The weighted average interest rate for advance facilities was 4.5% and 2.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and 3.4% and 2.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The weighted average interest rate for warehouse and MSR facilities was 4.6% and 1.9% for three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and 3.3% and 2.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
$850 face value, 5.500% interest rate payable semi-annually, due August 2028
$
850
$
850
$650 face value, 5.125% interest rate payable semi-annually, due December 2030
650
650
$600 face value, 6.000% interest rate payable semi-annually, due January 2027
600
600
$600 face value, 5.750% interest rate payable semi-annually, due November 2031
600
600
Unsecured senior notes principal amount
2,700
2,700
Unamortized debt issuance costs
(27)
(30)
Unsecured senior notes, net
$
2,673
$
2,670
The indentures provide that on or before certain fixed dates, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the unsecured senior notes with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings at fixed redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest, to the redemption dates, subject to compliance with certain conditions. In addition, the Company may redeem all or a portion of the unsecured senior notes at any time on or after certain fixed dates at the applicable redemption prices set forth in the indentures plus accrued and unpaid interest, to the redemption dates. No notes were repurchased or redeemed during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.
As of September 30, 2022, the expected maturities of the Company’s unsecured senior notes based on contractual maturities are as follows:
Year Ending December 31,
Amount
2022 through 2026
$
—
Thereafter
2,700
Total unsecured senior notes principal amount
$
2,700
Interest Expense
Interest expense primarily includes interest incurred on advance and warehouse facilities, unsecured senior notes, excess spread financing and compensating bank balances, as well as bank fees. The Company incurred interest expense related to advance and warehouse facilities, unsecured senior notes and excess spread financing of $90 and $266 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $95 and $278 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
Financial Covenants
The Company’s credit facilities contain various financial covenants which primarily relate to required tangible net worth amounts, liquidity reserves, leverage requirements, and profitability requirements, which are measured at the Company’s operating subsidiary, Nationstar Mortgage LLC. The Company was in compliance with its required financial covenants as of September 30, 2022.
10. Securitizations and Financings
Variable Interest Entities
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various types of on- and off-balance sheet transactions with special purpose entities (“SPEs”) determined to be VIEs, which primarily consist of securitization trusts established for a limited purpose. Generally, these SPEs are formed for the purpose of securitization transactions in which the Company transfers assets to an SPE, which then issues to investors various forms of debt obligations supported by those assets.
The Company has determined that the SPEs created in connection with certain advance facilities trusts should be consolidated as the Company is the primary beneficiary of each of these entities.
A summary of the assets and liabilities of the Company’s transactions with VIEs included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets is presented below:
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Consolidated Transactions with VIEs
Transfers Accounted for as Secured Borrowings
Transfers Accounted for as Secured Borrowings
Assets
Restricted cash
$
62
$
50
Advances and other receivables, net
336
387
Total assets
$
398
$
437
Liabilities
Advance facilities, net(1)
$
280
$
322
Payables and other liabilities
1
1
Total liabilities
$
281
$
323
(1)Refer to advance facilities in Note 9, Indebtedness, for additional information.
The following table shows a summary of the outstanding collateral and certificate balances for securitization trusts for which the Company was the transferor, including any retained beneficial interests and MSRs, that were not consolidated by the Company:
Unconsolidated Securitization Trusts
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Total collateral balances - UPB
$
1,002
$
1,122
Total certificate balances
$
975
$
1,112
The Company has not retained any variable interests in the unconsolidated securitization trusts that were outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Therefore, it does not have a significant maximum exposure to loss related to these unconsolidated VIEs.
A summary of mortgage loans transferred by the Company to unconsolidated securitization trusts that are 60 days or more past due are presented below:
Principal Amount of Transferred Loans 60 Days or More Past Due
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Unconsolidated securitization trusts
$
120
$
138
11. Earnings Per Share
The Company computes earnings per share using the two-class method, which is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for common stock and any participating securities according to dividends declared (whether paid or unpaid) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The Series A Preferred Stock is considered participating securities because it has dividend rights determined on an as-converted basis in the event of Company’s declaration of a dividend or distribution for common shares. In 2021, the Company repurchased a total of 14.8 million shares of its common stock from affiliates of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (“KKR”), a related party of the Company. In addition, in August 2021, the Company repurchased 1.0 million shares of its preferred stock from affiliates of KKR. After giving effect to these transactions, KKR no longer held any equity interests in the Company.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the effective tax rate for continuing operations was 26.4% and 24.7%, respectively, which differed from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state income taxes and nondeductible executive compensation. The effective tax rate increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, primarily due to the impact of quarterly discrete tax items relative to the income before taxes for the respective periods, including the excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation and prior period tax credits.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the effective tax rate for continuing operations was 25.0% and 24.0% which differed from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state income taxes and nondeductible executive compensation.
13. Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, a three-tiered fair value hierarchy has been established based on the level of observable inputs used in the measurement of fair value (e.g., Level 1 representing quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market; Level 2 representing values using observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1; and Level 3 representing estimated values based on significant unobservable inputs).
There have been no significant changes to the valuation techniques and inputs used by the Company in estimating fair values of Level 2 and Level 3 assets and liabilities as disclosed in the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The following tables present the estimated carrying amount and fair value of the Company’s financial instruments and other assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
No transfers were made in or out of Level 3 fair value assets and liabilities for the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.
The table below presents the quantitative information for significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 assets and liabilities.
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Range
Weighted Average
Range
Weighted Average
Level 3 Inputs
Min
Max
Min
Max
MSR(1)
Discount rate
10.4
%
13.7
%
11.4
%
9.5
%
13.7
%
10.9
%
Prepayment speed
6.6
%
13.3
%
7.4
%
11.7
%
16.4
%
13.0
%
Cost to service per loan(2)
$
59
$
128
$
78
$
59
$
168
$
77
Average life(3)
8.0 years
5.8 years
IRLCs
Value of servicing (reflected as a percentage of loan commitment)
(0.3)
%
4.4
%
2.1
%
(0.7)
%
2.4
%
1.4
%
Excess spread financing(1)
Discount rate
10.0
%
13.8
%
11.3
%
9.5
%
13.8
%
11.2
%
Prepayment speed
6.6
%
13.5
%
9.5
%
12.8
%
15.2
%
13.4
%
Average life(3)
6.6 years
5.4 years
Mortgage servicing rights financing
Advance financing and counterparty fee rates
5.0
%
8.7
%
7.3
%
4.5
%
7.9
%
6.5
%
Annual advance recovery rates
16.9
%
22.9
%
18.5
%
19.2
%
23.0
%
21.3
%
(1)The inputs are weighted by investor.
(2)Presented in whole dollar amounts.
(3)Average life is included for informational purposes.
The tables below present a summary of the estimated carrying amount and fair value of the Company’s financial instruments not carried at fair value:
September 30, 2022
Carrying Amount
Fair Value
Financial Instruments
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents
$
530
$
530
$
—
$
—
Restricted cash
148
148
—
—
Advances and other receivables, net
831
—
—
831
Loans subject to repurchase from Ginnie Mae
1,575
—
1,575
—
Financial liabilities
Unsecured senior notes, net
2,673
2,085
—
—
Advance and warehouse facilities, net
3,070
—
3,076
—
Liability for loans subject to repurchase from Ginnie Mae
Liability for loans subject to repurchase from Ginnie Mae
1,496
—
1,496
—
14. Capital Requirements
Certain of the Company’s secondary market investors require minimum net worth (“capital”) requirements, as specified in the respective selling and servicing agreements. In addition, these investors may require capital ratios in excess of the stated requirements to approve large servicing transfers. To the extent that these requirements are not met, the Company’s secondary market investors may utilize a range of remedies ranging from sanctions, suspension or ultimately termination of the Company’s selling and servicing agreements, which would prohibit the Company from further originating or securitizing these specific types of mortgage loans or being an approved servicer. The Company’s various capital requirements related to its outstanding selling and servicing agreements are measured based on the Company’s operating subsidiary, Nationstar Mortgage LLC. As of September 30, 2022, the Company was in compliance with its selling and servicing capital requirements.
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation and Regulatory
The Company and its subsidiaries are routinely and currently involved in a significant number of legal proceedings, including, but not limited to, judicial, arbitration, regulatory and governmental proceedings related to matters that arise in connection with the conduct of the Company’s business. The legal proceedings are at varying stages of adjudication, arbitration or investigation and are generally based on alleged violations of consumer protection, securities, employment, contract, tort, common law fraud and other numerous laws, including, without limitation, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, National Housing Act, Homeowners Protection Act, Service Member’s Civil Relief Act, Telephone Consumer Protection Act, Truth in Lending Act, Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices in violation of the Dodd-Frank Act, the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, Title 11 of the United States Code (aka the “Bankruptcy Code”), False Claims Act and Making Home Affordable loan modification programs.
In addition, along with others in its industry, the Company is subject to repurchase and indemnification claims and may continue to receive claims in the future, regarding alleged breaches of representations and warranties relating to the sale of mortgage loans, the placement of mortgage loans into securitization trusts or the servicing of mortgage loans securitizations. The Company is also subject to legal actions or proceedings related to loss sharing and indemnification provisions of its various acquisitions. Certain of the pending or threatened legal proceedings include claims for substantial compensatory, punitive and/ or statutory damages or claims for an indeterminate amount of damages.
The Company operates within highly regulated industries on a federal, state and local level. In the normal and ordinary course of its business, the Company is routinely subject to extensive examinations, investigations, subpoenas, inquiries and reviews by various federal, state and local governmental, regulatory and enforcement agencies, including the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Department of Justice, the Office of the Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, various State mortgage banking regulators and various State Attorneys General, related to the Company’s residential loan servicing and origination practices, its financial reporting and other aspects of its businesses. Any pending or potential future investigations, subpoenas, examinations or inquiries may lead to administrative, civil or criminal proceedings or settlements, and possibly result in remedies including fines, penalties, restitution, or alterations in the Company’s business practices, and additional expenses and collateral costs. The Company is cooperating fully in these matters. Responding to these matters requires the Company to devote substantial resources, resulting in higher costs and lower net cash flows. Adverse results in any of these matters could further increase the Company’s operating expenses and reduce its revenues, require it to change business practices and limit its ability to grow and otherwise materially and adversely affect its business, reputation, financial condition and results of operation.
The Company seeks to resolve all legal proceedings and other matters in the manner management believes is in the best interest of the Company and contests liability, allegations of wrongdoing and, where applicable, the amount of damages or scope of any penalties or other relief sought as appropriate in each pending matter. The Company has entered into agreements with a number of entities and regulatory agencies that toll applicable limitations periods with respect to their claims.
On at least a quarterly basis, the Company assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal and regulatory and governmental proceedings utilizing the latest information available. Where available information indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred, and the Company can reasonably estimate the amount of the loss, an accrued liability is established. The actual costs of resolving these proceedings may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts accrued.
As a legal matter develops, the Company, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, evaluates on an ongoing basis whether such matter presents a loss contingency that is both probable and estimable. If, at the time of evaluation, the loss contingency is not both probable and reasonably estimable, the matter will continue to be monitored for further developments that would make such loss contingency both probable and reasonably estimable. Once the matter is deemed to be both probable and reasonably estimable, the Company will establish an accrued liability and record a corresponding amount to legal-related expense. The Company will continue to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of the accrued liability that has been previously established. The Company recorded legal-related expenses, net of recoveries, which includes legal settlements and the fees paid to external legal service providers, of $7 and $15 for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $10 and $31 for three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, which are included in “general and administrative expenses” on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
For matters for which a loss is probable or reasonably possible in future periods, whether in excess of a related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, the Company may be able to estimate a range of possible loss. In determining whether it is possible to provide an estimate of loss or range of possible loss, the Company reviews and evaluates its material legal matters on an ongoing basis, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter. Management currently believes the aggregate range of reasonably possible loss is $2 to $9 in excess of the accrued liability (if any) related to those matters as of September 30, 2022. This estimated range of possible loss is based upon currently available information and is subject to significant judgment, numerous assumptions and known and unknown uncertainties. The matters underlying the estimated range will change from time to time, and actual results may vary substantially from the current estimate. Those matters for which an estimate is not possible are not included within the estimated range. Therefore, this estimated range of possible loss represents what management believes to be an estimate of possible loss only for certain matters meeting these criteria. It does not represent the Company’s maximum loss exposure and the Company cannot provide assurance that its litigations reserves will not need to be adjusted in the future. Thus, the Company’s exposure and ultimate losses may be higher, possibly significantly so, than the amounts accrued or this aggregate amount.
In the Company’s experience, legal proceedings are inherently unpredictable. One or more of the following factors frequently contribute to this inherent unpredictability: the proceeding is in its early stages; the damages sought are unspecified, unsupported or uncertain; it is unclear whether a case brought as a class action will be allowed to proceed on that basis or, if permitted to proceed as a class action, how the class will be defined; the other party is seeking relief other than or in addition to compensatory damages (including, in the case of regulatory and governmental investigations and inquiries, the possibility of fines and penalties); the matter presents meaningful legal uncertainties, including novel issues of law; the Company has not engaged in meaningful settlement discussions; discovery has not started or is not complete; there are significant facts in dispute; predicting possible outcomes depends on making assumptions about future decisions of courts or governmental or regulatory bodies or the behavior of other parties; and there are a large number of parties named as defendants (including where it is uncertain how damages or liability, if any, will be shared among multiple defendants). Generally, the less progress that has been made in the proceedings or the broader the range of potential results, the harder it is for the Company to estimate losses or ranges of losses that is reasonably possible the Company could incur.
Based on current knowledge, and after consultation with counsel, management believes that the current legal accrued liability within payables and accrued liabilities, is appropriate, and the amount of any incremental liability arising from these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Company, although the outcome of such proceedings could be material to the Company’s operating results and cash flows for a particular period depending, on among other things, the level of the Company’s revenues or income for such period. However, in the event of significant developments on existing cases, it is possible that the ultimate resolution, if unfavorable, may be material to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Other Loss Contingencies
As part of the Company’s ongoing operations, it acquires servicing rights of mortgage loan portfolios that are subject to indemnification based on the representations and warranties of the seller. From time to time, the Company will seek recovery under these representations and warranties for incurred costs. The Company believes all balances sought from sellers recorded in “advances and other receivables, net” represent valid claims. However, the Company acknowledges that the claims process can be prolonged due to the required time to perfect claims at the loan level. Because of the required time to perfect or remediate these claims, management relies on the sufficiency of documentation supporting the claim, current negotiations with the counterparty and other evidence to evaluate whether a reserve is required for non-recoverable balances. In the absence of successful negotiations with the seller, all amounts claimed may not be recovered. Balances may be written-off and charged against earnings when management identifies amounts where recoverability from the seller is not likely. As of September 30, 2022, the Company believes all recorded balances for which recovery is sought from the seller are valid claims, and no evidence suggests additional reserves are warranted.
Loan and Other Commitments
The Company enters into IRLCs with prospective borrowers whereby the Company commits to lend a certain loan amount under specific terms and interest rates to the borrower. The Company also enters into LPCs with prospective sellers. These loan commitments are treated as derivatives and are carried at fair value. See Note 8, Derivative Financial Instruments, for more information.
16. Segment Information
The Company’s segments are based upon the Company’s organizational structure, which focuses primarily on the services offered. The Servicing segment performs operational activities on behalf of investors or owners of the underlying mortgages and mortgage servicing rights, including collecting and disbursing borrower payments, investor reporting, customer service, modifying loans where appropriate to help borrowers stay current, and when necessary performing collections, foreclosures, and the sale of REO. The Originations segment originates residential mortgage loans through our direct-to-consumer channel, which provides refinance options for our existing customers, and through our correspondent channel, which purchases or originates loans from mortgage bankers. Corporate functional expenses are allocated to individual segments based on the actual cost of services performed, direct resource utilization, estimate of percentage use for shared services or headcount percentage for certain functions. Facility costs are allocated to individual segments based on cost per headcount for specific facilities utilized. Group insurance costs are allocated to individual segments based on global cost per headcount. Non-allocated corporate expenses include the administrative costs of executive management and other corporate functions that are not directly attributable to Company’s operating segments. Revenues generated on inter-segment services performed are valued based on similar services provided to external parties.
On December 1, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its reverse servicing portfolio, operating under the Champion Mortgage brand, to MAM and its affiliates. The reverse servicing operation was previously reported in the Company’s Servicing segment. The reverse servicing operation is presented as discontinued operations in Company’s condensed financial statements for all periods presented and, as such, is not included in the continuing operations of the Servicing segment.
On March 31, 2022, the Company completed the sale of its Mortgage Servicing Platform to Sagent and recorded a gain of $223, which was included in “other income, net” within the condensed statements of operations and reported under Corporate/Other. Refer to Note 2, Dispositions for further details.
The following tables present financial information by segment:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Financial Information by Segment
Servicing
Originations
Corporate/Other
Consolidated
Revenues
Service related, net
$
353
$
20
$
22
$
395
Net (loss) gain on mortgage loans held for sale
(21)
136
—
115
Total revenues
332
156
22
510
Total expenses
147
112
57
316
Interest income
71
12
—
83
Interest expense
(53)
(11)
(40)
(104)
Other expense, net
—
—
(20)
(20)
Total other (expenses) income, net
18
1
(60)
(41)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (benefit)
$
203
$
45
$
(95)
$
153
Depreciation and amortization for property and equipment and intangible assets from continuing operations
$
6
$
5
$
(2)
$
9
Total assets
$
9,703
$
1,252
$
1,860
$
12,815
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Financial Information by Segment
Servicing
Originations
Corporate/Other
Consolidated
Revenues
Service related, net
$
209
$
44
$
35
$
288
Net gain on mortgage loans held for sale
142
430
—
572
Total revenues
351
474
35
860
Total expenses
128
208
66
402
Interest income
39
27
—
66
Interest expense
(65)
(22)
(31)
(118)
Other income, net
—
—
8
8
Total other (expenses) income, net
(26)
5
(23)
(44)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (benefit)
$
197
$
271
$
(54)
$
414
Depreciation and amortization for property and equipment and intangible assets from continuing operations
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, projections, strategies, core initiatives, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are not statements of historical facts. When used in this discussion, the words “anticipate,” “appears,” “believe,” “foresee,” “intend,” “should,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “plan,” “may,” “could,” “will,” “are likely” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements involve predictions of our future financial condition, performance, plans and strategies and are thus dependent on a number of factors including, without limitation, assumptions and data that may be imprecise or incorrect. Specific factors that may impact performance or other predictions of future actions have, in many but not all cases, been identified in connection with specific forward-looking statements. As with any projection or forecast, forward-looking statements are inherently susceptible to uncertainty and changes in circumstances, and we are under no obligation to, and express disclaim any obligation, to update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
A number of important factors exist that could cause future results to differ materially from historical performance and these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to:
•our ability to maintain or grow the size of our servicing portfolio;
•our ability to maintain or grow our originations volume and profitability;
•our ability to recapture voluntary prepayments related to our existing servicing portfolio;
•our shift in the mix of our servicing portfolio to subservicing, which is highly concentrated;
•delays in our ability to collect or be reimbursed for servicing advances;
•our ability to obtain sufficient liquidity and capital to operate our business;
•changes in prevailing interest rates;
•our ability to successfully implement our strategic initiatives;
•our ability to realize anticipated benefits of our previous acquisitions;
•our ability to use net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes;
•changes in our business relationships or changes in servicing guidelines with Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae;
•our ability to pay down debt;
•our ability to manage legal and regulatory examinations and enforcement investigations and proceedings, compliance requirements and related costs;
•health pandemics, hurricanes, earthquakes, fires, floods and other natural catastrophic events;
•our ability to prevent cyber intrusions and mitigate cyber risks; and
•our ability to maintain our licenses and other regulatory approvals.
All of these factors are difficult to predict, contain uncertainties that may materially affect actual results and may be beyond our control. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all such factors or to assess the effect of each such new factor on our business. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements contained herein are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate, and any of these statements included herein may prove to be inaccurate. Given the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the results or conditions described in such statements, or our objectives and plans will be achieved. Please refer to Risk Factors and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, included in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 for further information on these and other risk factors affecting us.
Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. The following discussion contains, in addition to the historical information, forward-looking statements that include risks, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by such statements.
Dollar amounts are reported in millions, except per share data and other key metrics, unless otherwise noted.
We have provided a glossary of terms, which defines certain industry-specific and other terms that are used herein, at the end of the MD&A section.
Overview
We are a leading servicer of residential mortgage loans. Our purpose is to keep the dream of homeownership alive, and we do this as a servicer by helping mortgage borrowers manage what is typically their largest financial asset, and by helping our investors maximize the returns from their portfolios of residential mortgages. We have a track record of significant growth, having expanded our servicing portfolio from $10 billion in 2009 to $854 billion as of September 30, 2022. We believe this track record reflects our strong operating capabilities, which include a low-cost servicing platform, strong loss mitigation skills, a commitment to compliance, a customer-centric culture, a demonstrated ability to retain customers, growing origination capabilities, and significant investment in technology.
Our strategy is to position the Company for sustainable long-term growth, drive improved efficiency and profitability, and generate a return on tangible equity of 12% or higher. Key strategic priorities include the following:
•Strengthen our balance sheet by building capital and liquidity, and managing interest rate and other forms of risk;
•Improve efficiency by driving continuous improvement in unit costs for Servicing and Originations segments, as well as by taking corporate actions to eliminate costs throughout the organization;
•Grow our servicing portfolio to $1 trillion in UPB by acquiring new customers and retaining existing customers;
•Achieve a refinance recapture rate of 60%;
•Delight our customers and keep Mr. Cooper a great place for our team members to work;
•Reinvent the customer experience by acting as the customer’s advocate and by harnessing technology to deliver digital solutions that are personalized and friction-less;
•Sustain the talent of our people and the culture of our organization; and
•Maintain strong relationships with agencies, investors, regulators, and other counterparties and a strong reputation for compliance and customer service.
Anticipated Trends
In 2022, our servicing portfolio grew $144 billion to $854 billion, with a majority of the growth in our subservicing portfolio from both new and existing clients. We expect our UPB growth to flatten for a couple quarters due to deboarding of loans from an existing client, which will begin servicing its own portfolio. In addition, we continue to expect the Servicing segment to benefit from rising interest rates, including lower prepayment speeds, decreased amortization and higher interest income. In the third quarter, our Originations segment generated pretax income of $45 on funded volume of $5,741. We expect profitability for Originations segment to reduce significantly for the fourth quarter due to continued interest rate pressure in the mortgage industry.
In 2022, the inflation rate has continued to increase. Inflationary pressures may limit a borrower’s disposable income, which can decrease customers’ ability to enter into mortgage transactions. Inflationary pressures, along with supply chain disruptions, may also increase our operating costs. However, historically changes in interest rates have a greater impact on our financial results than changes in inflation. While interest rates are greatly influenced by changes in the inflation rate, they do not necessarily change at the same rate or extent as the inflation rate.
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense
153
414
(261)
1,224
1,706
(482)
Less: Income tax expense
40
104
(64)
302
410
(108)
Net income from continuing operations
$
113
$
310
$
(197)
$
922
$
1,296
$
(374)
(1)Revenues - operational consists of total revenues, excluding mark-to-market.
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense decreased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 primarily due to a decrease in total revenues, partially offset by lower total expenses. The decrease in total revenues was primarily due to a decline in revenues from our Originations segment due to lower origination volumes driven by higher mortgage rates in 2022. The decrease in total expenses was primarily driven by lower salaries, wages and benefits in our Originations segment due to lower headcount in both the direct-to-consumer and correspondent channels as a result of right sizing the organization consistent with lower origination volumes. The change in total other (expenses) income, net during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 was primarily due to a $223 gain recorded in the first quarter of 2022 upon completion of the Sagent Transaction compared to a $487 gain recorded in the second quarter of 2021 upon completion of the sale of our Title business. See further discussions in Note 2, Dispositions, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and in the Segment Results section of the MD&A.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations during the three months ended September 30, 2022 was 26.4% as compared to 25.0% in 2021. The change in effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the impact of quarterly discrete tax items relative to income before taxes for the respective period, including the excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation and prior period tax credits.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 24.7% as compared to 24.0% in 2021. The change in effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the impact of quarterly discrete tax items relative to income before taxes for the respective period, including the excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation and prior period tax credits.
Segment Results
Our operations are conducted through two segments: Servicing and Originations.
•The Servicing segment performs operational activities on behalf of investors or owners of the underlying mortgages and mortgage servicing rights, including collecting and disbursing borrower payments, investor reporting, customer service, modifying loans where appropriate to help borrowers stay current, and when necessary performing collections, foreclosures, and the sale of REO.
•The Originations segment originates residential mortgage loans through our direct-to-consumer channel, which provides refinance options for our existing customers, and through our correspondent channel, which purchases or originates loans from mortgage bankers.
Refer to Note 16, Segment Information, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of segment results.
The Servicing segment’s strategy is to generate income by growing the portfolio and maximizing the servicing margin. We believe several competitive strengths have been critical to our long-term growth as a servicer and subservicer, including our low-cost platform that creates operating leverage, our skill in mitigating losses for investors, our commitment to strong customer service and regulatory compliance, our history of successfully boarding new loans, and the ability to retain existing customers by offering attractive refinance options. We believe that our operational capabilities are reflected in our strong servicer ratings.
Table 2. Servicer Ratings
Fitch(1)
Moody’s(2)
S&P(3)
Rating date
August 2022
April 2022
June 2022
Residential
RPS2
SQ2-
Above Average
Master Servicer
RMS2+
SQ2+
Above Average
Special Servicer
RSS2
SQ2-
Above Average
Subprime Servicer
RPS2
SQ2-
Above Average
(1)Fitch Rating Scale of 1 (Highest Performance) to 5 (Low/No Proficiency)
(2)Moody’s Rating Scale of SQ1 (Strong Ability/Stability) to SQ5 (Weak Ability/Stability)
Base subservicing fees and other subservicing revenue(2)
71
3
61
4
10
(1)
Total servicing fee revenue
395
19
467
29
(72)
(10)
MSR financing liability costs
(4)
—
(6)
—
2
—
Excess spread payments and portfolio runoff
(14)
(1)
(59)
(4)
45
3
Total operational revenue
377
18
402
25
(25)
(7)
Amortization, Net of Accretion
MSR amortization
(183)
(9)
(261)
(16)
78
7
Excess spread accretion
14
1
59
4
(45)
(3)
Total amortization, net of accretion
(169)
(8)
(202)
(12)
33
4
Mark-to-Market Adjustments
MSR MTM
239
12
155
10
84
2
MTM Adjustments(3)
(112)
(6)
(13)
(1)
(99)
(5)
Excess spread / financing MTM
(3)
—
9
—
(12)
—
Total MTM adjustments
124
6
151
9
(27)
(3)
Total revenues - Servicing
$
332
16
$
351
22
$
(19)
(6)
(1)Calculated basis points (“bps”) are as follows: Annualized dollar amount/Total average UPB X 10000.
(2)Certain ancillary and other non-base fees related to subservicing operations are separately presented as other subservicing revenues.
(3)MTM Adjustments includes the impact of negative modeled cash flows which have been transferred to reserves on advances and other receivables. The negative modeled cash flows relate to advances and other receivables associated with inactive and liquidated loans that are no longer part of the MSR portfolio. The impact of negative modeled cash flows was $10 and $8 during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, MTM Adjustments included a negative $100 and negative $8 impact from MSR hedging activities during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Servicing Segment Revenues
The following provides the changes in revenues for the Servicing segment:
Servicing- Operational revenue decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 primarily due to a decrease in other ancillary revenue from early-buyout revenues associated with loans bought out of GNMA securitization, modified and redelivered following GNMA guidelines primarily driven by negative margin from the higher interest rate environment in 2022. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in base servicing fees primarily due to a larger servicing UPB portfolio in 2022.
MSR amortization decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily due to lower prepayments driven by higher mortgage rates in 2022, partially offset by a higher average MSR UPB and higher average MSR fair value.
The MSR MTM increased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 2021, primarily due to an increase in mortgage rates in 2022 compared to 2021, which lowered prepayment speeds and increased the fair value of the MSR.
Subservicing - Subservicing fees increased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily due to higher base subservicing fees driven by higher average UPB.
Servicing Segment Expenses
Total expenses increased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily driven by an increase in salaries, wages and benefits and an increase in foreclosure and other liquidation related expenses, net. The increase in salaries, wages and benefits was primarily driven by higher headcount-related costs due to growth of our servicing portfolio. The increase in foreclosure and other liquidation related expenses, net was primarily due to higher loss reserves on servicing advances, partially offset by lower depreciation and amortization.
Servicing Segment Other Income (Expenses), net
Total other income (expenses), net changed during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily due to higher other interest income driven by higher interest income earned on custodial balances due to higher interest rates.
Table 4. Servicing Segment Results of Operations
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
Change
Amt
bps(1)
Amt
bps(1)
Amt
bps
Revenues
Operational
$
1,136
19
$
1,215
26
$
(79)
(7)
Amortization, net of accretion
(570)
(10)
(567)
(12)
(3)
2
Mark-to-market
877
15
376
7
501
8
Total revenues
1,443
24
1,024
21
419
3
Expenses
Salaries, wages and benefits
241
4
205
4
36
—
General and administrative
Servicing support fees
56
1
62
1
(6)
—
Corporate and other general and administrative expenses
87
2
88
2
(1)
—
Foreclosure and other liquidation related expenses (recoveries), net
13
—
(19)
—
32
—
Depreciation and amortization
16
—
23
—
(7)
—
Total general and administrative expenses
172
3
154
3
18
—
Total expenses
413
7
359
7
54
—
Other income (expense)
Other interest income
125
2
87
2
38
—
Advance interest expense
(22)
—
(24)
—
2
—
Other interest expense
(146)
(2)
(177)
(4)
31
2
Interest expense
(168)
(2)
(201)
(4)
33
2
Total other expenses, net
(43)
—
(114)
(2)
71
2
Income before income tax expense
$
987
17
$
551
12
$
436
5
Weighted average cost - advance facilities (excluding facility fees)
3.4
%
2.9
%
0.5
%
Weighted average cost - excess spread financing
8.8
%
9.0
%
(0.2)
%
(1)Calculated basis points (“bps”) are as follows: Annualized dollar amount/Total average UPB X 10000.
Base subservicing fees and other subservicing revenue(2)
208
3
191
4
17
(1)
Total servicing fee revenue
1,224
20
1,439
30
(215)
(10)
MSR financing liability costs
(14)
—
(19)
—
5
—
Excess spread payments and portfolio runoff
(74)
(1)
(205)
(4)
131
3
Total operational revenue
1,136
19
1,215
26
(79)
(7)
Amortization, Net of Accretion
MSR amortization
(644)
(11)
(772)
(16)
128
5
Excess spread accretion
74
1
205
4
(131)
(3)
Total amortization, net of accretion
(570)
(10)
(567)
(12)
(3)
2
Mark-to-Market Adjustments
MSR MTM
1,363
23
476
10
887
13
MTM Adjustments(3)
(352)
(6)
(107)
(3)
(245)
(3)
Excess spread / financing MTM
(134)
(2)
7
—
(141)
(2)
Total MTM adjustments
877
15
376
7
501
8
Total revenues - Servicing
$
1,443
24
$
1,024
21
$
419
3
(1)Calculated basis points (“bps”) are as follows: Annualized dollar amount/Total average UPB X 10000.
(2)Certain ancillary and other non-base fees related to subservicing operations are separately presented as other subservicing revenues.In addition, other subservicing revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 includes revenue related to an interim subserviced portfolio that transferred on April 1, 2022. See further discussions in Note 2, Dispositions, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
(3)MTM Adjustments includes the impact of negative modeled cash flows which have been transferred to reserves on advances and other receivables. The negative modeled cash flows relate to advances and other receivables associated with inactive and liquidated loans that are no longer part of the MSR portfolio. The impact of negative modeled cash flows was $22 and $28 during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, MTM Adjustments included a negative $329 and negative $82 impact from MSR hedging activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Servicing Segment Revenues
The following provides the changes in revenues for the Servicing segment:
Servicing- Operational revenue decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 primarily due to a decrease in other ancillary revenue from early-buyout revenues associated with loans bought out of GNMA securitization, modified and redelivered following GNMA guidelines primarily driven by negative margin from the higher interest rate environment in 2022. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in base servicing fees primarily due to a larger servicing UPB portfolio in 2022.
MSR amortization decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily due to lower prepayments driven by higher mortgage rates in 2022, partially offset by a higher average MSR UPB and higher average MSR fair value.
The change in MSR MTM and excess spread and financing MTM during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 2021, was primarily due to an increase in mortgage rates in 2022 compared to 2021, which impacted prepayment speeds and increased the fair value of the MSR.
Subservicing - Subservicing fees increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily due to higher base subservicing fees driven by higher average UPB.
Servicing Segment Expenses
Total expenses increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily driven by an increase in salaries, wages and benefits and a change in foreclosure and other liquidation related expenses (recoveries), net. The increase in salaries, wages and benefits was primarily due to higher headcount-related costs due to growth of our servicing portfolio. The change in foreclosure and other liquidation related expenses (recoveries), net in 2022 as compared to 2021 was due to lower release of loss reserves on servicing advances as a result of loan modification programs related to COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by lower depreciation and amortization.
Servicing Segment Other Income (Expenses), net
Total other expenses, net decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021, primarily due to higher other interest income driven by higher interest income earned on custodial balances due to higher interest rates and a decrease in other interest expense due to lower compensating interest expense and bank fees.
Table 5. Servicing Portfolio - Unpaid Principal Balances
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Average UPB
MSRs
$
394,703
$
302,055
$
376,551
$
291,507
Subservicing and other
428,423
351,211
412,925
347,598
Total average UPB
$
823,126
$
653,266
$
789,476
$
639,105
September 30, 2022
September 30, 2021
UPB
Carrying Amount
bps
UPB
Carrying Amount
bps
MSRs
Agency
$
363,637
$
6,068
167
$
266,588
$
3,329
125
Non-agency
31,769
340
107
36,503
337
92
Total MSRs
395,406
6,408
162
303,091
3,666
121
Subservicing and other(1)
Agency
434,396
N/A
347,806
N/A
Non-agency
23,884
N/A
17,479
N/A
Total subservicing and other
458,280
N/A
365,285
N/A
Total ending balance
$
853,686
$
6,408
$
668,376
$
3,666
MSRs UPB Encumbrance
September 30, 2022
September 30, 2021
MSRs - unencumbered
$
309,301
$
167,993
MSRs - encumbered(2)
86,105
135,098
MSRs UPB
$
395,406
$
303,091
(1)Subservicing and other includes (i) loans we service for others, (ii) residential mortgage loans originated but have yet to be sold, and (iii) agency REO balances for which we own the mortgage servicing rights.
(2)The encumbered MSRs consist of residential mortgage loans included within our excess spread financing transactions and MSR financing liability.
The table below summarizes the overall performance of the servicing and subservicing portfolio:
Table 7. Key Performance Metrics - Servicing and Subservicing Portfolio(1)
September 30, 2022
September 30, 2021
Loan count(2)
4,086,628
3,488,384
Average loan amount(3)
$
208,815
$
191,602
Average coupon - agency(4)
3.6
%
3.7
%
Average coupon - non-agency(4)
4.4
%
4.4
%
60+ delinquent (% of loans)(5)
2.5
%
4.0
%
90+ delinquent (% of loans)(5)
2.2
%
3.7
%
120+ delinquent (% of loans)(5)
2.0
%
3.5
%
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Total prepayment speed (12-month constant prepayment rate)
8.3
%
24.6
%
11.3
%
27.1
%
(1)Characteristics and key performance metrics of our servicing portfolio exclude UPB, and loan counts acquired but not yet boarded and currently serviced by others.
(2)As of September 30, 2022 and 2021, loan count includes 41,061 and 84,939 loans in forbearance related to the CARES Act, respectively.
(3)Average loan amount is presented in whole dollar amounts.
(4)The weighted average coupon amounts presented in the table above are only reflective of our owned MSR portfolio that is reported at fair value.
(5)Loan delinquency is based on the current contractual due date of the loan. In the case of a completed loan modification, delinquency is based on the modified due date of the loan. Loan delinquency includes loans in forbearance.
Delinquency is an assumption in determining the mark-to-market adjustment and is a key indicator of MSR portfolio performance. Delinquent loans contribute to lower MSR values due to higher costs to service and increased carrying costs of advances. Delinquency rates decreased from 2021 as the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on the macroeconomic environment declines. We do not anticipate a significant increase in foreclosures in excess of pre-pandemic levels due to the effectiveness of the forbearance programs in place and the historically high levels of equity that borrowers have accrued which provides borrowers with additional options.
Table 8. MSRs Loan Modifications and Workout Units
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
Change
2022
2021
Change
Modifications(1)
6,786
14,540
(7,754)
37,102
47,720
(10,618)
Workouts(2)
9,719
14,041
(4,322)
37,622
50,418
(12,796)
Total modifications and workout units
16,505
28,581
(12,076)
74,724
98,138
(23,414)
(1)Modifications consist of agency programs, including forbearance options under the CARES Act, designed to adjust the terms of the loan (e.g., reduced interest rates).
(2)Workouts consist of other loss mitigation options designed to assist borrowers and keep them in their homes, but do not adjust the terms of the loan. Workouts exclude loans which did not miss a contractual payment during forbearance related to the CARES Act.
Total modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased compared to 2021 primarily due to a decrease in modifications related to loans impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Total workouts during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased compared to 2021 primarily due to a decrease in customers who were exiting forbearance plans, as there were fewer customers in forbearance.
The following table sets forth the activities of MSRs:
Table 9. MSRs - Fair Value Rollforward
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Fair value - beginning of period
$
6,151
$
3,307
$
4,223
$
2,703
Additions:
Servicing retained from mortgage loans sold
120
236
481
790
Purchases of servicing rights
79
220
1,256
438
Dispositions:
Sales of servicing assets
(4)
(1)
(293)
(13)
Changes in fair value:
Due to changes in valuation inputs or assumptions used in the valuation model (MSR fair value MTM):
Agency
234
150
1,348
108
Non-agency
5
5
15
368
Changes in valuation due to amortization:
Scheduled principal payments
(43)
(33)
(132)
(82)
Prepayments
Voluntary prepayments
Agency
(131)
(212)
(475)
(625)
Non-agency
(8)
(15)
(33)
(62)
Involuntary prepayments
Agency
(1)
(1)
(4)
(3)
Non-agency
—
—
—
—
Other changes(1)
6
10
22
44
Fair value - end of period
$
6,408
$
3,666
$
6,408
$
3,666
(1)Amounts primarily represent negative fair values reclassified from the MSR asset to reserves as underlying loans are removed from the MSR and other reclassification adjustments.
See Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights and Related Liabilities and Note 13, Fair Value Measurements, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information regarding the range of assumptions and sensitivities related to the fair value measurement of MSRs as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Excess Spread Financing
As further disclosed in Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights and Related Liabilities,in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we have entered into sale and assignment agreements treated as financing arrangements whereby the acquirer has the right to receive a specified percentage of the excess cash flow generated from an MSR. In June 2022, the Company entered into an assignment agreement to repurchase excess spread liabilities for a total purchase price of $277.
The servicing fees associated with an MSR can be segregated into (i) a base servicing fee and (ii) an excess servicing fee. The base servicing fee, along with ancillary income and other revenues, is designed to cover costs incurred to service the specified pool plus a reasonable margin. The remaining servicing fee is considered excess. We sell a percentage of the excess fee as a method for efficiently financing acquired MSRs and the purchase of loans. We do not currently utilize these transactions as a primary source of financing due to the availability of lower cost sources of funding.
Excess spread financings are recorded at fair value, and the impact of fair value adjustments varies primarily due to (i) prepayment speeds (ii) recapture rates and (iii) discount rates. See Note 3, Mortgage Servicing Rights and Related Liabilities and Note 13, Fair Value Measurements, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information regarding the range of assumptions and sensitivities related to the measurement of the excess spread financing liability as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
The following table sets forth the change in the excess spread financing:
Table 10. Excess Spread Financing - Rollforward
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
2022
2021
Fair value - beginning of period
$
532
$
867
$
768
$
934
Additions:
New financings
—
—
—
—
Deductions:
Repayments
(1)
—
(293)
—
Settlements
(19)
(37)
(80)
(118)
Changes in fair value:
Agency
4
(12)
109
(3)
Non-agency
3
4
15
9
Fair value - end of period
$
519
$
822
$
519
$
822
Originations Segment
The strategy of our Originations segment is to originate or acquire new loans for the servicing portfolio at a more attractive cost than purchasing MSRs in bulk transactions and to retain our existing customers by providing them with attractive refinance and purchase transaction options. The Originations segment plays a strategically important role because its profitability is typically counter cyclical to that of the Servicing segment. Furthermore, by originating or acquiring loans at a more attractive cost than would be the case in bulk MSR acquisitions, the Originations segment improves our overall profitability and cash flow. Our Originations segment is one way that we help underserved consumers access the financial markets. In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our total originations included loans for 20,756 customers with low FICOs (<660), 29,002 customers with income below the U.S. median household income, 16,917 first-time homebuyers, and 6,447 veterans. During this time period, we originated a total of 23,108 Ginnie Mae loans, which are designed for first-time homebuyers and low- and moderate-income borrowers, comprising $6 billion in total proceeds. Once these loans are originated, the underserved borrowers become our servicing customers.
The Originations segment includes two channels:
•Our direct-to-consumer (“DTC”) lending channel relies on our call centers, website and mobile apps, specially trained teams of licensed mortgage originators, predictive analytics and modeling utilizing proprietary data from our servicing portfolio to reach our existing customers who may benefit from a new mortgage. Depending on borrower eligibility, we will refinance existing loans into conventional, government or non-agency products. Through lead campaigns and direct marketing, the direct-to-consumer channel seeks to convert leads into loans in a cost-efficient manner.
•Our correspondent lending channel acquires newly originated residential mortgage loans that have been underwritten to investor guidelines. This includes both conventional and government-insured loans that qualify for inclusion in securitizations that are guaranteed by the GSEs. Our correspondent lending channel enables us to replenish servicing portfolio run-off typically at a better rate of return than traditional bulk or flow acquisitions.
The following tables set forth the results of operations for the Originations segment:
Table 11. Originations Segment Results of Operations
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
Change
2022
2021
Change
Revenues
Service related, net - Originations(1)
$
20
$
44
$
(24)
$
86
$
132
$
(46)
Net gain on mortgage loans held for sale
Net gain on loans originated and sold(2)
22
209
(187)
151
626
(475)
Capitalized servicing rights(3)
114
221
(107)
425
741
(316)
Total net gain on mortgage loans held for sale
136
430
(294)
576
1,367
(791)
Total revenues
156
474
(318)
662
1,499
(837)
Expenses
Salaries, wages and benefits
69
147
(78)
276
478
(202)
General and administrative
Loan origination expenses
15
25
(10)
50
78
(28)
Corporate and other general administrative expenses
12
15
(3)
44
52
(8)
Marketing and professional service fees
11
13
(2)
28
39
(11)
Depreciation and amortization
5
8
(3)
14
18
(4)
Total general and administrative
43
61
(18)
136
187
(51)
Total expenses
112
208
(96)
412
665
(253)
Other income (expenses)
Interest income
12
27
(15)
44
76
(32)
Interest expense
(11)
(22)
11
(33)
(70)
37
Total other income, net
1
5
(4)
11
6
5
Income before income tax expense
$
45
$
271
$
(226)
$
261
$
840
$
(579)
Weighted average note rate - mortgage loans held for sale
5.1
%
3.0
%
2.1
%
4.0
%
3.0
%
1.0
%
Weighted average cost of funds (excluding facility fees)
4.6
%
1.9
%
2.7
%
3.3
%
2.0
%
1.3
%
(1)Service related revenues, net - Originations refers to fees collected from customers for originated loans and from other lenders for loans purchased through the correspondent channel, and includes loan application, underwriting and other similar fees.
(2)Net gain on loans originated and sold represents the gains and losses from the origination, purchase, and sale of loans and realized and unrealized gains and losses from related derivative instruments. Gain from the origination and sale of loans are affected by the volume and margin of our originations activity and impacted by fluctuations in mortgage rates.
(3)Capitalized servicing rights represent the fair value attributed to mortgage servicing rights at the time in which they are retained in connection with the sale of loans during the period.
Consumer direct lock pull through adjusted volume(1)
$
3,179
$
9,419
$
(6,240)
$
13,409
$
28,375
$
(14,966)
Other locked pull through adjusted volume(1)
2,097
10,654
(8,557)
8,684
33,323
(24,639)
Total pull through adjusted lock volume
$
5,276
$
20,073
$
(14,797)
$
22,093
$
61,698
$
(39,605)
Funded volume
$
5,741
$
19,938
$
(14,197)
$
25,081
$
67,298
$
(42,217)
Volume of loans sold
$
6,387
$
21,463
$
(15,076)
$
29,477
$
72,724
$
(43,247)
Recapture percentage(2)
28.4%
29.9%
(1.5)%
32.9%
31.1%
1.8%
Refinance recapture percentage(3)
79.6%
40.3%
39.3%
56.2%
39.2%
17.0%
Purchase as a percentage of funded volume
42.3%
30.9%
11.4%
31.6%
21.7%
9.9%
Value of capitalized servicing on retained settlements
221 bps
138 bps
83 bps
188 bps
131 bps
57 bps
Originations Margin
Revenue
$
156
$
474
$
(318)
$
662
$
1,499
$
(837)
Pull through adjusted lock volume
$
5,276
$
20,073
$
(14,797)
$
22,093
$
61,698
$
(39,605)
Revenue as a percentage of pull through adjusted lock volume(4)
2.96
%
2.36
%
0.60
%
3.00
%
2.43
%
0.57
%
Expenses(5)
$
111
$
203
$
(92)
$
401
$
659
$
(258)
Funded volume
$
5,741
$
19,938
$
(14,197)
$
25,081
$
67,298
$
(42,217)
Expenses as a percentage of funded volume(6)
1.93
%
1.02%
0.91
%
1.60
%
0.98%
0.62
%
Originations Margin
1.03
%
1.34
%
(0.31)
%
1.40
%
1.45
%
(0.05)
%
(1)Pull through adjusted volume represents the expected funding from locks taken during the period.
(2)Recapture percentage includes new loan originations for both purchase and refinance transactions where borrower retention and/or property retention occur as a result of a loan payoff from our servicing portfolio. Excludes loans we are contractually unable to solicit.
(3)Refinance recapture percentage includes new loan originations for refinance transactions where borrower retention and property retention occurs as a result of a loan payoff from our servicing portfolio. Excludes loans we are contractually unable to solicit.
(4)Calculated on pull-through adjusted lock volume as revenue is recognized at the time of loan lock.
(5)Expenses include total expenses and total other income (expenses), net.
(6)Calculated on funded volume as expenses are incurred based on closing of the loan.
Originations Segment Revenues
Total revenues decreased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 2021 primarily driven by a decline in net gain on loans originated and sold and a decrease in capitalized servicing rights. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, revenues from net gain on loans originated and sold decreased in connection with lower funded volume and total pull through adjusted lock volume. Additionally, the decrease in capitalized servicing rights was primarily driven by lower origination volumes, partially offset by an increase in value of capitalized servicing retained on settlements due to higher mortgage rates in 2022. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, revenues also decreased due to unfavorable fair value adjustments on loans held for sale, partially offset by higher favorable mark-to-market adjustments on loan derivatives and hedges. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, revenues also decreased due to lower favorable mark-to-market adjustments on loan derivatives and hedges, partially offset by a lower unfavorable mark-to-market on interest rate locks and loan commitments and fair value adjustment on loans held for sale.
Total expenses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased when compared to 2021 primarily due to a decline in salaries, wages and benefits expense, and loan origination expenses. Salaries, wages and benefits expense declined in 2022 primarily due to decreased headcount in both the direct-to-consumer and correspondent channels as a result of right sizing the organization consistent with lower origination volumes. Loan origination expenses declined in 2022 primarily due to cost reduction initiatives in connection with decreased origination volumes.
Originations Segment Other Income (Expenses), Net
Interest income relates primarily to mortgage loans held for sale. Interest expense is associated with the warehouse facilities utilized to finance newly originated loans. There were no material changes in total other income, net, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021.
Originations Margin
The Originations Margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased as compared to 2021 primarily due to a higher ratio of expenses as a percentage of funded volume driven by lower funded volume due to higher mortgage rates in 2022, partially offset by higher revenue as a percentage of pull through adjusted lock volume driven by higher margins from a shift in channel mix from correspondent to direct-to-consumer. Direct-to-consumer channel mix was 60% and 47% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021 and 61% and 46% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Corporate/Other
Corporate/Other represents Xome’s operations and unallocated overhead expenses, including the costs of executive management and other corporate functions that are not directly attributable to our operating segments, changes in equity investments and interest expense on our unsecured senior notes.
The following table set forth the selected financial results for Corporate/Other:
Total revenues and total expenses decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 primarily due to sale of our Valuations and Field Services businesses in 2021. Total revenues and total expenses decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 primarily due to sale of our Title, Valuations and Field Services businesses in 2021.
Interest expense increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 primarily due to the issuance of the unsecured senior notes due 2031 in the fourth quarter of 2021.
The change in other (expense) income, net, in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 was primarily due to a loss of $13 that was recorded in 2022 for fair value changes in our equity investments and $5 in losses in connection with our equity method investment in Sagent in 2022. The change in other (expense) income, net, in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 2021 was primarily due to a gain of $223 that was recorded in the first quarter of 2022 upon completion of the Sagent Transaction as compared to a gain of $487 that was recorded in the second quarter of 2021 upon completion of the sale of our Title business.
We measure liquidity by unrestricted cash and availability of borrowings on our MSR facilities and other facilities. We held cash and cash equivalents on hand of $530 as of September 30, 2022 compared to $895 as of December 31, 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we generated net cash of $3,144 from operating activities and bought back 4.1 million shares of our outstanding common stock for a total cost of $185 as part of our stock repurchase program. We have sufficient borrowing capacity to support our operations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we increased capacity on our MSR facilities by $200 and $1,340, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, total borrowing capacity was $11,300, of which $8,224 was unused.
As of September 30, 2022, our total advance facility capacity was $1,075, of which $543 remained unused. For more information on our advance facilities, see Note 9, Indebtedness in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
There have been no significant changes to our sources and uses of cash as disclosed in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Cash Flows
The table below presents cash flows information:
Table 14. Cash Flows
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022
2021
Change
Net cash attributable to:
Operating activities
$
3,144
$
(770)
$
3,914
Investing activities
(987)
1,011
(1,998)
Financing activities
(2,520)
(240)
(2,280)
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
$
(363)
$
1
$
(364)
Operating activities
Our operating activities generated cash of $3,144 during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to cash used of $770 in 2021. The change in cash attributable to operating activities was primarily related to continuing operations, driven by $2,416 in cash generated from originations net sales activities in 2022 compared to $1,069 of cash used in 2021, as a result of sales proceeds and loan payment proceeds exceeding loan purchases.
Investing activities
Our investing activities used cash of $987 during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to cash generated of $1,011 in 2021. The change in cash attributable to investing activities was primarily related to discontinued operations, driven by $1,030 of proceeds from sale of the reverse servicing portfolio in 2021. Additionally, investing activities from continuing operations included an increase of $826 in cash used for the purchase of mortgage servicing rights in 2022, partially offset by an increase of $271 in cash generated by proceeds on sales of mortgage servicing rights.
Financing activities
Our financing activities used cash of $2,520 during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to cash used of $240 in 2021. The increase in cash used in financing activities was primarily related to continuing operations, driven by a net repayment of $1,933 in 2022 compared to net borrowing of $1,950 in 2021 on our advance and warehouse facilities, partially offset by $1,495 in financing activities from discontinued operations in 2021.
Capital Resources
Capital Structure and Debt
We require access to external financing resources from time to time depending on our cash requirements, assessments of current and anticipated market conditions and after-tax cost of capital. If needed, we believe additional capital could be raised through a combination of issuances of equity, corporate indebtedness, asset-backed acquisition financing and/or cash from operations. Our access to capital markets can be impacted by factors outside our control, including economic conditions.
Our credit facilities contain various financial covenants, which primarily relate to required tangible net worth amounts, liquidity reserves, leverage requirements, and profitability requirements. These covenants are measured at our operating subsidiary, Nationstar Mortgage LLC. As of September 30, 2022, we were in compliance with our required financial covenants.
Seller/Servicer Financial Requirements
We are also subject to net worth, liquidity and capital ratio requirements established by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac Seller/Servicers, and Ginnie Mae for single family issuers, as summarized below. These requirements apply to our operating subsidiary, Nationstar Mortgage, LLC.
Minimum Net Worth
▪FHFA - a net worth base of $2.5 plus 25 basis points of outstanding UPB for total loans serviced.
▪Ginnie Mae - a net worth equal to the base of $2.5 plus 35 basis points of the issuer’s total single-family effective outstanding obligations.
Minimum Liquidity
•FHFA - 3.5 basis points of total Agency Mortgage Servicing UPB plus incremental 200 basis points of total nonperforming Agency, measured at 90+ delinquencies, servicing in excess of 6% total Agency servicing UPB.
•Ginnie Mae - the greater of $1 or 10 basis points of our outstanding single-family MBS.
Minimum Capital Ratio
▪FHFA and Ginnie Mae - a ratio of Tangible Net Worth to Total Assets greater than 6%.
Secured Debt to Gross Tangible Asset Ratio
•Ginnie Mae - a secured debt to gross tangible asset ratios no greater than 60%.
As of September 30, 2022, we were in compliance with our seller/servicer financial requirements for FHFA and Ginnie Mae.
Since our Ginnie Mae single-family servicing portfolio exceeds $75 billion in UPB, we are also required to obtain an external primary servicer rating and issuer credit ratings from two different rating agencies and receive a minimum rating of a B or its equivalent. We are permitted to satisfy minimum liquidity requirements using a combination of AAA rated government securities that are marked to market in addition to cash and certain cash equivalents.
In addition, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac may require capital ratios in excess of stated requirements. Refer to Note 14, Capital Requirements, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Table 15. Debt
September 30, 2022
December 31, 2021
Advance facilities principal amount
$
532
$
614
Warehouse facilities principal amount
1,504
4,125
MSR facilities principal amount
1,040
270
Unsecured senior notes principal amount
2,700
2,700
Advance Facilities
As part of our normal course of business, we borrow money to fund servicing advances. Our servicing agreements require that we advance our own funds to meet contractual principal and interest payments for certain investors, and to pay taxes, insurance, foreclosure costs and various other items that are required to preserve the assets being serviced. Delinquency rates and prepayment speeds affect the size of servicing advance balances, and we exercise our ability to stop advancing principal and interest where the pooling and servicing agreements permit, where the advance is deemed to be non-recoverable from future proceeds. These servicing requirements affect our liquidity. We rely upon several counterparties to provide us with financing facilities to fund a portion of our servicing advances. As of September 30, 2022, we had a total borrowing capacity of $1,075, of which we could borrow an additional $543.
Loan origination activities generally require short-term liquidity in excess of amounts generated by our operations. The loans we originate are financed through several warehouse lines on a short-term basis. We typically hold the loans for approximately 30 days and then sell or place the loans in government securitizations in order to repay the borrowings under the warehouse lines. Our ability to fund current operations depends upon our ability to secure these types of short-term financings on acceptable terms and to renew or replace the financings as they expire. As of September 30, 2022, we had a total borrowing capacity of $10,525 for warehouse and MSR facilities, of which we could borrow an additional $7,981.
Unsecured Senior Notes
In 2020 and 2021, we completed offerings of unsecured senior notes with maturity dates ranging from 2027 to 2031. We pay interest semi-annually to the holders of these notes at interest rates ranging from 5.125% to 6.000%. For more information regarding our indebtedness, see Note 9, Indebtedness, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Contractual Obligations
As of September 30, 2022, no material changes to our outstanding contractual obligations were made from the amounts previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Various elements of our accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments. In particular, we have identified the following policies that, due to the judgment, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to an understanding of our condensed consolidated financial statements. These policies relate to fair value measurements, particularly those determined to be Level 3 as discussed in Note 13, Fair Value Measurements, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and valuation and realization of deferred tax assets. We believe that the judgment, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements are appropriate given the factual circumstances at the time. However, given the sensitivity of these critical accounting policies on our condensed consolidated financial statements, the use of other judgments, estimates and assumptions could result in material differences in our results of operations or financial condition. Fair value measurements considered to be Level 3 representing estimated values based on significant unobservable inputs primarily include (i) the valuation of MSRs, (ii) the valuation of excess spread financing, and (iii) the valuation of IRLCs. For further information on our critical accounting policies and estimates, please refer to the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates since December 31, 2021.
Other Matters
Recent Accounting Developments
Below lists recently issued accounting pronouncements applicable to us but not yet adopted.
Accounting Standards Update 2020-04 and 2021-01, collectively implemented as Accounting Standards Codification Topic 848 (“ASC 848”), Reference Rate Reform provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contract modifications, hedge accounting and other transactions affected by the transitioning away from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued, such as interbank offered rates and LIBOR. If LIBOR ceases to exist or if the methods of calculating LIBOR change from current methods for any reasons, interest rates on our floating rate loans, obligation derivatives, and other financial instruments tied to LIBOR rates, may be affected and need renegotiation with its lenders. In January 2021, ASU 2021-01 was issued to clarify that all derivatives instruments affected by changes to the interests’ rates used for discounting, margining alignment due to reference rate reform are in scope of ASC 848. ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 were effective March 2020 and January 2021, respectively, for contract modifications, existing hedging relationships and other impacted transactions through December 31, 2022. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. We have not elected to apply any of the amendments through September 30, 2022 and are currently assessing the impact of ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 on our consolidated financial statements.
This Glossary of Terms defines some of the terms that are used throughout this report and does not represent a complete list of all defined terms used.
Advance Facility. A secured financing facility to fund advance receivables which is backed by a pool of mortgage servicing advance receivables made by a servicer to a certain pool of mortgage loans.
Agency. Government entities guaranteeing the mortgage investors that the principal amount of the loan will be repaid; the Federal Housing Administration, the Department of Veterans Affairs, the US Department of Agriculture and Ginnie Mae (and collectively, the “Agencies”)
Agency Conforming Loan. A mortgage loan that meets all requirements (loan type, maximum amount, LTV ratio and credit quality) for purchase by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or insured by the FHA, USDA or guaranteed by the VA or sold into Ginnie Mae.
Asset-Backed Securities (“ABS”). A financial security whose income payments and value is derived from and collateralized (or “backed”) by a specified pool of underlying receivables or other financial assets.
Bulk acquisitions or purchases. MSR portfolio acquired on non-retained basis through an open market bidding process.
Base Servicing Fee. The servicing fee retained by the servicer, expressed in basis points, in an excess MSR arrangement in exchange for the provision of servicing functions on a portfolio of mortgage loans, after which the servicer and the co-investment partner share the excess fees on a pro rata basis.
Conventional Mortgage Loans. A mortgage loan that is not guaranteed or insured by the FHA, the VA or any other government agency. Although a conventional loan is not insured or guaranteed by the government, it can still follow the guidelines of GSEs and be sold to the GSEs.
Correspondent lender, lending channel or relationship. A correspondent lender is a lender that funds loans in their own name and then sells them off to larger mortgage lenders. A correspondent lender underwrites the loans to the standards of an investor and provides the funds at close.
Delinquent Loan. A mortgage loan that is 30 or more days past due from its contractual due date.
Department of Veterans Affairs (“VA”). The VA is a cabinet-level department of the U.S. federal government, which guarantees certain home loans for qualified borrowers eligible for securitization with GNMA.
Direct-to-consumer originations (“DTC”). A type of mortgage loan origination pursuant to which a lender markets refinancing and purchase money mortgage loans directly to selected consumers through telephone call centers, the Internet or other means.
Excess Servicing Fees. In an excess MSR arrangement, the servicing fee cash flows on a portfolio of mortgage loans after payment of the base servicing fee.
Excess Spread. MSRs with a co-investment partner where the servicer receives a base servicing fee and the servicer and co-investment partner share the excess servicing fees. This co-investment strategy reduces the required upfront capital from the servicer when purchasing or investing in MSRs.
Exchange inventory. Consists of Xome’s residential real estate inventory ranging from pre-foreclosure to bank-owned properties.
Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae” or “FNMA”). FNMA was federally chartered by the U.S. Congress in 1938 to support liquidity, stability, and affordability in the secondary mortgage market, where existing mortgage-related assets are purchased and sold. Fannie Mae buys mortgage loans from lenders and resells them as mortgage-backed securities in the secondary mortgage market.
Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”). The FHA is a U.S. federal government agency within the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). It provides mortgage insurance on loans made by FHA-approved lenders in compliance with FHA guidelines throughout the United States.
Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”). A U.S. federal government agency that is the regulator and conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the regulator of the 12 Federal Home Loan Banks.
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac” or “FHLMC”). Freddie Mac was chartered by Congress in 1970 to stabilize the nation’s residential mortgage markets and expand opportunities for homeownership and affordable rental housing. Freddie Mac participates in the secondary mortgage market by purchasing mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities for investment and by issuing guaranteed mortgage-related securities.
Forbearance.An agreement between the mortgage servicer or lender and borrower for a temporary postponement of mortgage payments. It is a form of repayment relief granted by the lender or creditor in lieu of forcing a property into foreclosure.
Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae” or “GNMA”). GNMA is a self-financing, wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within HUD. Ginnie Mae guarantees the timely payment of principal and interest on MBS backed by federally insured or guaranteed loans - mainly loans insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. Ginnie Mae securities are the only MBS to carry the full faith and credit guarantee of the U.S. federal government.
Government-Sponsored Enterprise (“GSE”). Certain entities established by the U.S. Congress to provide liquidity, stability and affordability in residential housing. These agencies are Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the 12 Federal Home Loan Banks.
Interest Rate Lock Commitments (“IRLC”). Agreements under which the interest rate and the maximum amount of the mortgage loan are set prior to funding the mortgage loan.
Loan Modification. Temporary or permanent modifications to loan terms with the borrower, including the interest rate, amortization period and term of the borrower’s original mortgage loan. Loan modifications are usually made to loans that are in default, or in imminent danger of defaulting.
Loan-to-Value Ratio (“LTV”). The unpaid principal balance of a mortgage loan as a percentage of the total appraised or market value of the property that secures the loan. An LTV over 100% indicates that the UPB of the mortgage loan exceeds the value of the property.
Lock period. A set of periods of time that a lender will guarantee a specific rate is set prior to funding the mortgage loan.
Loss Mitigation. The range of servicing activities provided by a servicer in an attempt to minimize the losses suffered by the owner of a defaulted mortgage loan. Loss mitigation techniques include short-sales, deed-in-lieu of foreclosures and loan modifications, among other options.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (“MBS”). A type of asset-backed security that is secured by a group of mortgage loans.
Mortgage Servicing Right (“MSRs”). The right and obligation to service a loan or pool of loans and to receive a servicing fee as well as certain ancillary income. MSRs may be bought and sold, resulting in the transfer of loan servicing obligations. MSRs are designated as such when the benefits of servicing the loans are expected to adequately compensate the servicer for performing the servicing.
MSR Facility. A line of credit backed by mortgage servicing rights that is used for financing purposes. In certain cases, these lines may be a sub-limit of another warehouse facility or alternatively exist on a stand-alone basis. These facilities allow for same or next day draws at the request of the borrower.
Non-Conforming Loan. A mortgage loan that does not meet the standards of eligibility for purchase or securitization by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae.
Originations. The process through which a lender provides a mortgage loan to a borrower.
Pull through adjusted lock volume. Represents the expected funding from locks taken during the period.
Prepayment Speed. The rate at which voluntary mortgage prepayments occur or are projected to occur. The statistic is calculated on an annualized basis and expressed as a percentage of the outstanding principal balance.
Primary Servicer. The servicer that owns the right to service a mortgage loan or pool of mortgage loans. This differs from a subservicer, which has a contractual agreement with the primary servicer to service a mortgage loan or pool of mortgage loans in exchange for a subservicing fee based upon portfolio volume and characteristics.
Prime Mortgage Loan. Generally, a high-quality mortgage loan that meets the underwriting standards set by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and is eligible for purchase or securitization in the secondary mortgage market. Prime Mortgage loans generally have lower default risk and are made to borrowers with excellent credit records and a monthly income at least three to four times greater than their monthly housing expenses (mortgage payments plus taxes and other debt payments) as well as significant other assets. Mortgages not classified as prime mortgage loans are generally called either sub-prime or Alt-A.
Private Label Securitizations. Securitizations that do not meet the criteria set by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae.
Real Estate Owned (”REO”). Property acquired by the servicer on behalf of the owner of a mortgage loan or pool of mortgage loans, usually through foreclosure or a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure on a defaulted loan. The servicer or a third-party real estate management firm is responsible for selling the REO. Net proceeds of the sale are returned to the owner of the related loan or loans. In most cases, the sale of REO does not generate enough to pay off the balance of the loan underlying the REO, causing a loss to the owner of the related mortgage loan.
Recapture. Voluntarily prepaid loans that are expected to be refinanced by the related servicer.
Refinancing. The process of working with existing borrowers to refinance their mortgage loans. By refinancing loans for borrowers we currently service, we retain the servicing rights, thereby extending the longevity of the servicing cash flows.
Reverse Mortgage Loan. A reverse mortgage loan, most commonly a Home Equity Conversion Mortgage, enables seniors to borrow against the value of their home, and no payment of principal or interest is required until the death of the borrower or the sale of the home. These loans are designed to go through the foreclosure and claim process to recover loan balance.
Servicing. The performance of contractually specified administrative functions with respect to a mortgage loan or pool of mortgage loans. Duties of a servicer typically include, among other things, collecting monthly payments, maintaining escrow accounts, providing periodic monthly statements to the borrower and monthly reports to the loan owners or their agents, managing insurance, monitoring delinquencies, executing foreclosures (as necessary), and remitting fees to guarantors, trustees and service providers. A servicer is generally compensated with a specific fee outlined in the contract established prior to the commencement of the servicing activities.
Servicing Advances. In the course of servicing loans, servicers are required to make advances that are reimbursable from collections on the related mortgage loan or pool of loans. There are typically three types of servicing advances: P&I Advances, T&I Advances and Corporate Advances.
(i) P&I Advances cover scheduled payments of principal and interest that have not been timely paid by borrowers. P&I Advances serve to facilitate the cash flows paid to holders of securities issued by the residential MBS trust. The servicer is not the insurer or guarantor of the MBS and thus has the right to cease the advancing of P&I, when the servicer deems the next advance nonrecoverable.
(ii) T&I Advances pay specified expenses associated with the preservation of a mortgaged property or the liquidation of defaulted mortgage loans, including but not limited to property taxes, insurance premiums or other property-related expenses that have not been timely paid by borrowers in order for the lien holder to maintain its interest in the property.
(iii) Corporate Advances pay costs, fees and expenses incurred in foreclosing upon, preserving defaulted loans and selling REO, including attorneys’ and other professional fees and expenses incurred in connection with foreclosure and liquidation or other legal proceedings arising in the course of servicing the defaulted mortgage loans.
Servicing Advances are reimbursed to the servicer if and when the borrower makes a payment on the underlying mortgage loan at the time the loan is modified or upon liquidation of the underlying mortgage loan but are primarily the responsibility of the investor/owner of the loan. The types of servicing advances that a servicer must make are set forth in its servicing agreement with the owner of the mortgage loan or pool of mortgage loans. In some instances, a servicer is allowed to cease Servicing Advances, if those advances will not be recoverable from the property securing the loan.
Subservicing. Subservicing is the process of outsourcing the duties of the primary servicer to a third-party servicer. The third-party servicer performs the servicing responsibilities for a fee and is typically not responsible for making servicing advances, which are subsequently reimbursed by the primary servicer. The primary servicer is contractually liable to the owner of the loans for the activities of the subservicer.
Unpaid Principal Balance (“UPB”). The amount of principal outstanding on a mortgage loan or a pool of mortgage loans. UPB is used together with the servicing fees and ancillary incomes as a means of estimating the future revenue stream for a servicer.
U.S. Department of Agriculture (“USDA”). The USDA is a cabinet-level department of the U.S. federal government, which guarantees certain home loans for qualified borrowers.
Warehouse Facility. A type of line of credit facility used to temporarily finance mortgage loan originations to be sold in the secondary market. Pursuant to a warehouse facility, a loan originator typically agrees to transfer to a counterparty certain mortgage loans against the transfer of funds by the counterpart, with a simultaneous agreement by the counterpart to transfer the loans back to the originator at a date certain, or on demand, against the transfer of funds from the originator.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Refer to the discussion included in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no material changes in the types of market risks faced by us since December 31, 2021. Our market risks include the broad effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic and governmental programs created as a response to the pandemic, has affected and will continue to affect our business, financial conditions and results of operations.
Sensitivity Analysis
We assess our market risk based on changes in interest rates utilizing a sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis measures the potential impact on fair values based on hypothetical changes (increases and decreases) in interest rates.
We use a duration-based model in determining the impact of interest rate shifts on our loan portfolio, certain other interest-bearing liabilities measured at fair value and interest rate derivatives portfolios. The primary assumption used in these models is that an increase or decrease in the benchmark interest rate produces a parallel shift in the yield curve across all maturities.
We utilize a discounted cash flow analysis to determine the fair value of MSRs and the impact of parallel interest rate shifts on MSRs. The discounted cash flow model incorporates prepayment speeds, discount rate, costs to service, delinquencies, ancillary revenues, recapture rates and other assumptions that management believes are consistent with the assumptions that other similar market participants use in valuing the MSRs. The key assumptions to determine fair value include prepayment speed, discount rate and cost to service. However, this analysis ignores the impact of interest rate changes on certain material variables, such as the benefit or detriment on the value of future loan originations, non-parallel shifts in the spread relationships between MBS, swaps and U.S. Treasury rates and changes in primary and secondary mortgage market spreads. For mortgage loans, IRLCs and forward delivery commitments on MBS, we rely on a model in determining the impact of interest rate shifts. In addition, the primary assumption used for IRLCs, is the borrower’s propensity to close their mortgage loans under the commitment.
Our total market risk is influenced by a wide variety of factors including market volatility and the liquidity of the markets. There are certain limitations inherent in the sensitivity analysis presented, including the necessity to conduct the analysis based on a single point in time and the inability to include the complex market reactions that normally would arise from the market shifts modeled.
We used September 30, 2022 market rates on our instruments to perform the sensitivity analysis. The estimates are based on the market risk sensitive portfolios described in the preceding paragraphs and assume instantaneous, parallel shifts in interest rate yield curves. These sensitivities are hypothetical and presented for illustrative purposes only. Changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in fair value may not be linear.
The following table summarizes the estimated change in the fair value of our assets and liabilities sensitive to interest rates as of September 30, 2022 given hypothetical instantaneous parallel shifts in the yield curve. Actual results could differ materially.
Table 16. Change in Fair Value
September 30, 2022
Down 25 bps
Up 25 bps
Increase (decrease) in assets
Mortgage servicing rights at fair value
$
(111)
$
106
Mortgage loans held for sale at fair value
7
(7)
Derivative financial instruments:
Interest rate lock commitments
6
(6)
Forward MBS trades
(11)
11
Total change in assets
(109)
104
Increase (decrease) in liabilities
Mortgage servicing rights financing at fair value
(2)
2
Excess spread financing at fair value
(2)
2
Derivative financial instruments:
Interest rate lock commitments
(6)
6
Forward MBS trades
(1)
1
Treasury futures
(20)
19
Total change in liabilities
(31)
30
Total, net change
$
(78)
$
74
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), as of September 30, 2022.
Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2022, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed at a reasonable assurance level and are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the three months ended September 30, 2022, no changes in our internal control over financial reporting occurred that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
For a description of our material legal proceedings, see Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements within Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements, of this Form 10-Q.
Item 1A.Risk Factors
There have been no material changes or additions to the risk factors previously disclosed under “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
In 2021, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase plan that allows the repurchase of up to $500 of our outstanding common stock. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, we repurchased shares of our common stock at a total cost of $50 under our share repurchase program. The number and average price of shares purchased are set forth in the table below:
Period
(a) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased
(b) Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit)
(c) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
(d) Maximum Number (or Appropriate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Program
Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibits 101.)
X
+ The schedules and other attachments referenced in this exhibit have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule or attachment will be furnished supplementary to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
** Management, contract, compensatory plan or arrangement.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
MR. COOPER GROUP INC.
October 26, 2022
/s/ Jay Bray
Date
Jay Bray Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
October 26, 2022
/s/ Jaime Gow
Date
Jaime Gow Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
