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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
__________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
__________________________________ 
(Mark One)
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022
OR
Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from                     to                    
Commission File Number: 001-34452
__________________________________ 
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
__________________________________ 
Maryland 27-0467113
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.
c/o Apollo Global Management, Inc.
9 West 57th Street, 42nd Floor,
New York, New York 10019
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(212) 515–3200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
__________________________________ 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading Symbol(s)Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par valueARINew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer   Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer   Smaller reporting company 
 Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  
As of July 25, 2022, there were 140,595,995 shares, par value $0.01, of the registrant’s common stock issued and outstanding.




Table of Contents
 
Page

3


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(in thousands—except share data)
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$241,619 $343,106 
Commercial mortgage loans, net(1)(2)
8,176,149 7,012,312 
Subordinate loans and other lending assets, net(2)
753,711 844,948 
Subordinate loan, held for sale7,500  
Assets related to real estate owned, held for sale162,846  
Derivative assets, net139,748 16,788 
Other assets71,368 47,753 
Real estate owned, net (net of $2,645 accumulated depreciation in 2021)
 151,788 
Total Assets$9,552,941 $8,416,695 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Secured debt arrangements, net (net of deferred financing costs of $10,024 and $9,062 in 2022 and 2021, respectively)
$5,183,837 $4,150,268 
Senior secured term loans, net (net of deferred financing costs of $11,294 and $12,734 in 2022 and 2021, respectively)
766,159 768,325 
Senior secured notes, net (net of deferred financing costs of $5,555 and $5,949 in 2022 and 2021, respectively)
494,445 494,051 
Convertible senior notes, net573,944 569,979 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities(3)
220,100 102,609 
Participations sold24,356 27,064 
Payable to related party9,632 9,773 
Liabilities related to real estate owned, held for sale7,156  
Total Liabilities7,279,629 6,122,069 
Commitments and Contingencies (see Note 17)  
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, Series B-1, 6,770,393 shares issued and outstanding ($169,260 liquidation preference) in 2022 and 2021 (see Note 16)
68 68 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 450,000,000 shares authorized, 140,590,843 and 139,894,060 shares issued and outstanding in 2022 and 2021, respectively
1,406 1,399 
Additional paid-in-capital2,707,872 2,721,042 
Accumulated deficit(436,034)(427,883)
Total Stockholders’ Equity2,273,312 2,294,626 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity$9,552,941 $8,416,695 
———————
(1) Includes $7,222,253 and $5,957,707 pledged as collateral under secured debt arrangements in 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2) Net of $195,362 and $178,588 CECL Allowances in 2022 and 2021, respectively, comprised of $172,000 and $145,000 Specific CECL Allowance and $23,362 and $33,588 General CECL Allowance, respectively.
(3) Includes $3,999 and $3,106 of General CECL Allowance related to unfunded commitments on commercial mortgage loans, subordinate loans and other lending assets, net in 2022 and 2021, respectively.

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4


Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations (Unaudited)
(in thousands—except share and per share data)
 
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
 2022202120222021
Net interest income:
Interest income from commercial mortgage loans$99,386 $82,447 $183,810 $157,803 
Interest income from subordinate loans and other lending assets 14,530 31,775 30,365 63,234 
Interest expense(56,529)(39,737)(101,647)(75,401)
Net interest income$57,387 $74,485 $112,528 $145,636 
Revenue from real estate owned operations18,630 1,374 27,670 1,374 
Total net revenue$76,017 $75,859 $140,198 $147,010 
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expenses (includes equity-based compensation of $4,518 and $9,216 in 2022 and $4,357 and $8,744 in 2021, respectively)
$(7,130)$(6,734)$(14,317)$(13,674)
Management fees to related party(9,632)(9,440)(18,986)(18,804)
Operating expenses related to real estate owned(13,134)(1,994)(22,786)(1,994)
Depreciation and amortization on real estate owned (452)(704)(452)
Total operating expenses$(29,896)$(18,620)$(56,793)$(34,924)
Other income$68 $17 $68 $109 
Realized loss on investments (20,000) (20,000)
Reversal of (provision for) loan losses, net(1)
944 29,586 (17,667)30,824 
Realized losses and impairments on real estate owned   (550)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)(84,838)4,054 (117,356)(3,395)
Gain (loss) on foreign currency forward contracts (includes unrealized gains (losses) of $95,053 and $113,195 in 2022 and $(2,021) and $8,481 in 2021, respectively)
105,213 (3,094)127,975 6,706 
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate hedging instruments 3,443 (111)9,764 246 
Net income$70,951 $67,691 $86,189 $126,026 
Preferred dividends(3,068)(3,385)(6,136)(6,770)
Net income available to common stockholders$67,883 $64,306 $80,053 $119,256 
Net income per share of common stock:
Basic$0.48 $0.45 $0.56 $0.84 
Diluted$0.44 $0.42 $0.55 $0.79 
Basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding140,590,843 139,884,060 140,472,771 139,845,178 
Diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding171,698,185 170,832,186 169,006,042 170,812,544 
Dividend declared per share of common stock$0.35 $0.35 $0.70 $0.70 
    
———————
(1) Comprised of $3,000 and $(27,000) Specific CECL Reversals (Allowances) and $(2,056) and $9,333 of General CECL Reversals (Allowances) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Comprised of $30,000 and $30,000 Specific CECL Reversals and $(414) and $824 of General CECL Reversals (Allowances) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.


See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
5


Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(in thousands—except share and per share data)
 Preferred StockCommon StockAdditional
Paid-In-Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
SharesParSharesPar
Balance at January 1, 20226,770,393 $68 139,894,060 $1,399 $2,721,042 $(427,883)$2,294,626 
Adoption of ASU 2020-06— — — — (15,408)11,992 (3,416)
Capital increase (decrease) related to Equity Incentive Plan— — 647,349 6 (2,280)— (2,274)
Net income— — — — — 15,238 15,238 
Dividends declared on preferred stock - $0.45 per share
— — — — — (3,068)(3,068)
Dividends declared on common stock - $0.35 per share
— — — — — (50,088)(50,088)
Balance at March 31, 20226,770,393 $68 140,541,409 $1,405 $2,703,354 $(453,809)$2,251,018 
Capital increase related to Equity Incentive Plan— — 49,434 1 4,518 — 4,519 
Net income— — — — — 70,951 70,951 
Dividends declared on preferred stock - $0.45 per share
— — — — — (3,068)(3,068)
Dividends declared on common stock - $0.35 per share
— — — — — (50,108)(50,108)
Balance at June 30, 20226,770,393 $68 140,590,843 $1,406 $2,707,872 $(436,034)$2,273,312 




Preferred StockCommon StockAdditional
Paid-In-Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
SharesParSharesPar
Balance at January 1, 20216,770,393 $68 139,295,867 $1,393 $2,707,792 $(438,724)$2,270,529 
Capital increase related to Equity Incentive Plan— — 553,008 5 103 — 108 
Offering costs— — — — (40)— (40)
Net income— — — — — 58,335 58,335 
Dividends declared on preferred stock - $0.50 per share
— — — — — (3,385)(3,385)
Dividends declared on common stock - $0.35 per share
— — — — — (49,794)(49,794)
Balance at March 31, 20216,770,393 $68 139,848,875 $1,398 $2,707,855 $(433,568)$2,275,753 
Capital increase related to Equity Incentive Plan— — 35,185 1 4,357 — 4,358 
Net income— — — — — 67,691 67,691 
Dividends declared on preferred stock - $0.50 per share
— — — — — (3,385)(3,385)
Dividends declared on common stock - $0.35 per share
— — — — — (49,809)(49,809)
Balance at June 30, 20216,770,393 $68 139,884,060 $1,399 $2,712,212 $(419,071)$2,294,608 



See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
6


Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(in thousands)
 For the six months ended June 30,
 20222021
Cash flows provided by operating activities:
     Net income$86,189 $126,026 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
     Amortization of discount/premium and PIK(26,819)(42,991)
     Amortization of deferred financing costs5,511 6,344 
     Equity-based compensation9,216 8,744 
     Provision for (reversal of) loan losses, net17,667 (30,824)
     Foreign currency loss109,491 2,743 
     Gain on derivative instruments(122,959)(8,727)
     Depreciation and amortization on real estate owned704 452 
     Realized losses and impairments on investments and real estate owned 20,550 
     Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
          Proceeds received from PIK interest20,141 34,986 
          Other assets(6,161)875 
          Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities6,605 2,923 
          Payable to related party(141)(158)
Net cash provided by operating activities99,444 120,943 
Cash flows used in investing activities:
    New funding of commercial mortgage loans(2,324,370)(1,322,016)
    Add-on funding of commercial mortgage loans(270,974)(138,489)
    Add-on funding of subordinate loans and other lending assets(63,120)(107,716)
    Proceeds received from the repayment and sale of commercial mortgage loans1,044,388 295,914 
    Proceeds received from the repayment of subordinate loans and other lending assets129,670 195,551 
    Origination and exit fees received on commercial mortgage loans, and subordinate loans and other lending assets, net32,732 17,061 
    Proceeds received from the sale of real estate owned, held for sale 42,356 
    Capital expenditures on real estate assets(82) 
    Cash received from hotel title assumption 4,148 
    Increase in collateral related to derivative contracts, net117,380 260 
Net cash used in investing activities(1,334,376)(1,012,931)
Cash flows provided by financing activities:
     Payment of offering costs (40)
     Proceeds from secured debt arrangements2,189,701 987,010 
     Repayments of secured debt arrangements(930,660)(744,570)
     Repayments of senior secured term loan principal(4,000)(3,250)
     Proceeds from issuance of senior secured term loan 297,000 
     Proceeds from issuance of senior secured notes 500,000 
     Repayment of debt related to real estate owned (143,073)
     Payment of deferred financing costs(4,639)(11,217)
     Withholding tax payment upon RSU delivery(6,972)(4,278)
     Dividends on common stock(100,359)(99,741)
     Dividends on preferred stock(6,136)(6,770)
Net cash provided by financing activities1,136,935 771,071 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents, including cash classified within assets related to real estate owned, held for sale(97,997)(120,917)
Less increase in cash classified within assets related to real estate owned, held for sale(7,304) 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(105,301)(120,917)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period343,106 325,498 
Effects of foreign currency translation on cash and cash equivalents3,814  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$241,619 $204,581 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
     Interest paid$89,004 $63,071 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
    Dividend declared, not yet paid$53,176 $52,635 
    Change in participation sold$(2,708)$20,358 
    Change in loan proceeds held by servicer$21,726 $4,853 
    Deferred financing costs, not yet paid$ $3,757 
    Repayments of PIK on participation sold$ $(27,670)
Transfer of subordinate loan to subordinate loan, held for sale$7,500 $ 
Assumption of real estate$ $154,300 
Assumption of debt related to real estate owned$ $(110,073)
Assumption of other assets related to real estate owned$ $1,555 
Assumption of accounts payable and other liabilities related to real estate owned$ $(4,641)
Transfer of assets to assets related to real estate owned, held for sale$155,542 $ 
Transfer of liabilities to liabilities related to real estate owned, held for sale$7,156 $ 
Transfer of subordinate loans to real estate owned$ $(45,289)


See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
7


Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 1 – Organization
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, is referred to throughout this report as the "Company," "ARI," "we," "us" and "our") is a corporation that has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for U.S. federal income tax purposes and primarily originates, acquires, invests in and manages performing commercial first mortgage loans, subordinate financings, and other commercial real estate related debt investments. These asset classes are referred to as our target assets.
We were formed in Maryland on June 29, 2009, commenced operations on September 29, 2009 and are externally managed and advised by ACREFI Management, LLC (the "Manager"), an indirect subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, "Apollo").
We elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2009. To maintain our tax qualification as a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our taxable income, excluding net capital gains, to stockholders and meet certain other asset, income, and ownership tests.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany amounts have been eliminated. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Our most significant estimates include current expected credit losses. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to
Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 ("Annual Report"), as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring
adjustments) necessary to present fairly our financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been included. Our
results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any other future period.
We currently operate in one reporting segment.
Risks and Uncertainties
During the first quarter of 2020, there was a global outbreak of a novel coronavirus ("COVID-19"), which was declared by the World Health Organization as a pandemic. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted global economic activity and has contributed to significant volatility in financial markets. Although more normalized activities have resumed and there has been improved global economic activity due to global and domestic vaccination efforts, we are not in a position to estimate the ultimate impact COVID-19 and its variants will have on our business and the economy as a whole. Due to various uncertainties, including the rise of new variants that may occur, the severity of such new variants, disparities in vaccination rates and vaccine hesitancy, the ultimate duration of the pandemic, and additional actions that may be taken by governmental authorities, further business risks could arise. We believe the estimates used in preparing our financial statements and related footnotes are reasonable and supportable based on the best information available to us as of June 30, 2022. The uncertainty surrounding COVID-19 and its variants may materially impact the accuracy of the estimates and assumptions used in the financial statements and related footnotes and, as a result, actual results may vary significantly from estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04 "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting" ("ASU 2020-04"). ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to debt instruments, derivatives, and other contracts that reference London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or other reference rates expected to be discontinued as a result of reference rate reform. This guidance is optional and may be elected through December 31, 2022 using a prospective application on all eligible contract modifications. We have loan agreements, debt agreements, and an interest rate cap that incorporate LIBOR as a referenced interest rate. It is difficult to
8


predict what effect, if any, the phase-out of LIBOR and the use of alternative benchmarks may have on our business or on the overall financial markets. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we adopted optional expedients per ASU 2020-04 for certain of our commercial mortgage loans and debt agreements denominated in British Pound Sterling ("GBP") and Euro ("EUR") with contracts that reference GBP LIBOR and EUR LIBOR, respectively. As prescribed by the optional expedients within ASU 2020-04, we have accounted for applicable modified contracts that incorporate alternative benchmarks as if they are not substantially different. We will continue to evaluate the possible adoption of any such expedients or exceptions for certain of our commercial mortgage loans and debt agreements denominated in U.S. Dollars.
In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02 "Financial InstrumentsCredit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures" ("ASU 2022-02"). The intention of ASU 2022-02 is to simplify the guidance surrounding loan modifications and restructurings and to eliminate the accounting guidance related to troubled debt restructurings ("TDR"). The new guidance deviates from TDR guidance as disclosures are now based on whether a modification or restructuring with a borrower experiencing financial difficulty results in principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, a significant payment delay or term extension as opposed to simply a concession. The new guidance requires disclosure by class of financing receivables, of the types of modifications, the financial effects of those modifications and the performance of those modified receivables in the last twelve months. Accounting for credit losses under ASC 326 "Financial Instruments—Credit Losses", is also updated to allow entities to use any acceptable method to determine credit losses as a result of modification or restructuring with a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. ASU 2022-02 also requires disclosure of gross write-offs recorded in the current period, on a year-to-date basis, by year of origination in the vintage disclosures. ASU 2022-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Entities are able to early adopt these amendments and have the ability to early adopt the TDR enhancements separately from the vintage disclosures. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2022-02 will have on our consolidated financial statements.
Note 3 – Fair Value Disclosure
GAAP establishes a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the observability of the inputs utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market-based or observable inputs are the preferred source of values, followed by valuation models using management's assumptions in the absence of market-based or observable inputs. The three levels of the hierarchy as noted in ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures" are described below:
Level I — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level II — Prices are determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing a security. These may include quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk and others.
Level III — Prices are determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity for an investment at the end of the period), unobservable inputs may be used.
While we anticipate that our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with valuation methods used by other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. We use inputs that are current as of the measurement date, which may include periods of market dislocation, during which price transparency may be reduced.
The fair values of foreign exchange ("Fx") forwards are determined by comparing the contracted forward exchange rate to the current market exchange rate. The current market exchange rates are determined by using market spot rates, forward rates and interest rate curves for the underlying countries. Our Fx forwards are classified as Level II in the fair value hierarchy.
The fair value of our interest rate cap is determined by using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates rise above the strike rate of the interest rate cap. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the interest rate cap are based on a third party expert's expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves and volatilities. Our interest rate cap is classified as Level II in the fair value hierarchy.
9


The following table summarizes the levels in the fair value hierarchy into which our assets and liabilities with recurring fair value measurements were categorized as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands): 
 Fair Value as of June 30, 2022Fair Value as of December 31, 2021
 Level ILevel IILevel IIITotalLevel ILevel IILevel IIITotal
Recurring fair value measurements:
Foreign currency forward, net$ $128,535 $ $128,535 $ $15,340 $ $15,340 
Interest rate cap asset 11,213  11,213  1,448  1,448 
Total financial instruments$ $139,748 $ $139,748 $ $16,788 $ $16,788 
Note 4 – Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net
Our loan portfolio was comprised of the following at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
Loan TypeJune 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Commercial mortgage loans, net(1)
$8,176,149 $7,012,312 
Subordinate loans and other lending assets, net 753,711 844,948 
Subordinate loan, held for sale7,500  
Carrying value, net$8,937,360 $7,857,260 
  ———————
(1)Includes $11.0 million and $97.8 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively, of contiguous financing structured as subordinate loans.

Our loan portfolio consisted of 98% floating rate loans, based on amortized cost, as of each of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Activity relating to our loan portfolio for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was as follows ($ in thousands):
Principal
Balance
Deferred Fees/Other Items (1)
Specific CECL Allowance
Carrying Value, Net(2)
December 31, 2021$8,072,377 $(36,529)$(145,000)$7,890,848 
New funding of loans2,326,545 — — 2,326,545 
Add-on loan fundings(3)
334,094 — — 334,094 
Loan repayments and sales(1,191,375)— — (1,191,375)
Gain (loss) on foreign currency translation(368,401)3,714 — (364,687)
Specific CECL Allowance, net— — (27,000)(27,000)
Deferred fees and other items— (34,907)— (34,907)
PIK interest and amortization of fees11,653 15,551 — 27,204 
June 30, 2022$9,184,893 $(52,171)$(172,000)$8,960,722 
General CECL Allowance(4)
(23,362)
Carrying value, net$8,937,360 
———————
(1)Other items primarily consist of purchase discounts or premiums, cost recovery interest, exit fees, deferred origination expenses, and the activity of unconsolidated joint ventures.
(2)December 31, 2021 carrying value excludes General CECL Allowance.
(3)Represents fundings committed prior to 2022.
(4)$4.0 million of the General CECL Allowance is excluded from this table because it relates to unfunded commitments and has been recorded as a liability under accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.


The following table details overall statistics for our loan portfolio at the dates indicated ($ in thousands):
10


June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Number of loans 67 67 
Principal balance$9,184,893 $8,072,377 
Carrying value, net$8,937,360 $7,857,260 
Unfunded loan commitments(1)
$1,711,776 $1,357,122 
Weighted-average cash coupon(2)
4.7 %4.5 %
Weighted-average remaining fully-extended term(3)
3.0 years2.9 years
Weighted-average expected term(4)
1.9 years2.3 years
———————
(1)Unfunded loan commitments are funded to finance construction costs, tenant improvements, leasing commissions, or carrying costs. These future commitments are funded over the term of each loan, subject in certain cases to an expiration date.
(2)For floating rate loans, based on applicable benchmark rates as of the specified dates. For loans placed on non-accrual or cost recovery the interest rate used in calculating weighted-average cash coupon is 0%.
(3)Assumes all extension options are exercised.
(4)Expected term represents our estimated timing of repayments as of the specified dates. Excludes risk-rated 5 loans.

Property Type
The table below details the property type of the properties securing the loans in our portfolio at the dates indicated ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Property TypeCarrying
Value
% of
Portfolio
(1)
Carrying
Value
% of
Portfolio(1)
Hotel$1,991,936 22.2 %$1,875,439 23.8 %
Office1,808,216 20.2 1,700,779 21.6 
Retail Center1,126,538 12.6 414,740 5.3 
Residential-for-sale886,423 9.9 956,617 12.1 
Healthcare621,800 6.9 316,321 4.0 
Residential-for-rent543,572 6.1 477,569 6.1 
Mixed Use480,677 5.4 269,839 3.4 
Urban Retail353,258 3.9 711,592 9.0 
Industrial335,584 3.7 377,068 4.8 
Other(2)
812,718 9.1 790,884 9.9 
Total$8,960,722 100.0 %$7,890,848 100.0 %
General CECL Allowance(3)
(23,362)(33,588)
Carrying value, net$8,937,360 $7,857,260 

(1)Percentage of portfolio calculations are made prior to consideration of General CECL Allowance.
(2)Other property types include parking garages (3.0%), multifamily development (2.5%), caravan parks (2.2%) and urban predevelopment (1.4%) in 2022, and parking garages (3.3%), caravan parks (2.8%), multifamily development (2.2%), and urban predevelopment (1.6%) in 2021.
(3)$4.0 million and $3.1 million of the General CECL Allowance for 2022 and 2021, respectively, is excluded from this table because it relates to unfunded commitments and has been recorded as a liability under accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Geography
The table below details the geographic distribution of the properties securing the loans in our portfolio at the dates indicated ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Geographic LocationCarrying
Value
% of
Portfolio
(1)
Carrying
Value
% of
Portfolio(1)
United Kingdom$2,401,638 26.8 %$2,297,286 29.1 %
New York City2,236,508 25.0 2,000,661 25.4 
11


Other Europe(2)
1,506,295 16.8 1,295,870 16.4 
Midwest677,265 7.6 689,274 8.7 
Southeast667,373 7.4 708,920 9.0 
West627,127 7.0 356,097 4.5 
Other(3)
844,516 9.4 542,740 6.9 
Total$8,960,722 100.0 %$7,890,848 100.0 %
General CECL Allowance(4)
(23,362)(33,588)
Carrying value, net$8,937,360 $7,857,260 

(1)Percentage of portfolio calculations are made prior to consideration of General CECL Allowance.
(2)Other Europe includes Italy (5.0%), Germany (4.8%), Spain (3.5%), Sweden (2.8%) and Ireland (0.7%) in 2022 and Germany (6.1%), Sweden (3.6%), Spain (3.3%), Italy (2.6%), and Ireland (0.8%) in 2021.
(3)Other includes Northeast (5.5%), Southwest (2.3%), Mid-Atlantic (1.3%) and Other (0.3%) in 2022 and Southwest (3.5%), Mid-Atlantic (1.6%), Northeast (1.5%), and Other (0.3%) in 2021.
(4)$4.0 million and $3.1 million of the General CECL Allowance for 2022 and 2021, respectively, is excluded from this table because it relates to unfunded commitments and has been recorded as a liability under accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Risk Rating
We assess the risk factors of each loan and assign a risk rating based on a variety of factors, including, without limitation, loan to value ("LTV") ratio, debt yield, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, cash flow volatility, leasing and tenant profile, loan structure and exit plan, and project sponsorship. This review is performed quarterly. Based on a 5-point scale, our loans are rated "1" through "5," from less risk to greater risk, which ratings are defined as follows:

    1.    Very low risk
    2.    Low risk
    3. Moderate/average risk
    4. High risk/potential for loss: a loan that has a risk of realizing a principal loss
    5. Impaired/loss likely: a loan that has a high risk of realizing principal loss, has incurred principal loss, or an impairment has been recorded

The following tables allocate the carrying value of our loan portfolio based on our internal risk ratings and date of origination at the dates indicated ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022
Year Originated
Risk RatingNumber of LoansTotal% of Portfolio20222021202020192018Prior
1 $  %$ $ $ $ $ $ 
21 32,000 0.4 %     32,000 
361 8,329,775 92.9 %2,042,260 2,495,867 691,610 1,777,227 502,448 820,363 
41 220,487 2.5 %     220,487 
54 378,460 4.2 %     378,460 
Total67 $8,960,722 100.0 %$2,042,260 $2,495,867 $691,610 $1,777,227 $502,448 $1,451,310 
General CECL Allowance(1)
(23,362)
Total carrying value, net$8,937,360 
Weighted Average Risk Rating3.1



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December 31, 2021
Year Originated
Risk RatingNumber of LoansTotal% of Portfolio20212020201920182017Prior
1 $  %$ $ $ $ $ $ 
21 32,000 0.4 %     32,000 
362 7,372,081 93.5 %2,622,248 644,404 2,307,948 828,270 389,264 579,947 
41 81,980 1.0 %    81,980  
53 404,787 5.1 %    177,483 227,304 
Total67 $7,890,848 100.0 %$2,622,248 $644,404 $2,307,948 $828,270 $648,727 $839,251 
General CECL Allowance(1)
(33,588)
Total carrying value, net$7,857,260 
Weighted Average Risk Rating3.1
———————
(1)$4.0 million and $3.1 million of the General CECL Allowance for 2022 and 2021, respectively, is excluded from the tables above because it relates to unfunded commitments and has been recorded as a liability under accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet
CECL
In accordance with ASU 2016-13 "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments", which we refer to as the "CECL Standard", we record allowances for loans and held-to-maturity debt securities that are deducted from the carrying amount of the assets to present the net carrying value of the amounts expected to be collected on the assets. We record loan specific allowances as a practical expedient under the CECL Standard ("Specific CECL Allowance"), which we apply to assets that are collateral dependent and where the borrower or sponsor is experiencing financial difficulty. For the remainder of the portfolio, we record a general allowance ("General CECL Allowance", and together with the Specific CECL Allowance, "CECL Allowances"), in accordance with the CECL Standard on a collective basis by assets with similar risk characteristics. We have elected to use the weighted average remaining maturity ("WARM") method in determining a General CECL Allowance for a majority of our portfolio. In the future, we may use other acceptable methods, such as a probability-of-default/loss-given-default method.
The following schedule illustrates the quarterly changes in CECL Allowances for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively ($ in thousands):
Specific CECL Allowance(3)
General CECL AllowanceTotal CECL Allowance
CECL Allowance as % of Amortized Cost(3)
FundedUnfundedTotalGeneral Total
December 31, 2021$145,000 $33,588 $3,106 $36,694 $181,694 0.49 %2.26 %
Changes:
Q1 Allowance (Reversals)(1)
30,000 (12,211)822 (11,389)18,611 
March 31, 2022$175,000 $21,377 $3,928 $25,305 $200,305 0.32 %2.34 %
Changes:
Q2 Allowance (Reversals), net(2)
(3,000)1,985 71 2,056 (944)
June 30, 2022$172,000 $23,362 $3,999 $27,361 $199,361 0.33 %2.18 %
———————
(1)During the three months ended March 31, 2022, a $30.0 million Specific CECL Allowance was recorded on a subordinate loan secured by an ultra luxury residential-for-sale property in Manhattan, NY. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the General CECL Allowance decreased by $11.4 million primarily due to changes in expected loan repayment dates, as well as portfolio seasoning, which was partially offset by new loan originations.
(2)During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the $3.0 million net reversal of Specific CECL Allowance was comprised of (i) the reversal of $10.0 million of previously recorded allowance on a loan related to a multifamily development in Brooklyn, NY as a result of market rent growth and value created from development activities and (ii) a $7.0 million allowance recorded on a loan secured by a hotel in Atlanta, GA due to slower than expected recovery from COVID-19. General CECL Allowance increased by $2.1 million due to new loan originations and more adverse macroeconomic outlook, which was partially offset by portfolio seasoning.
(3)Loans evaluated for Specific CECL Allowance are excluded from General CECL Allowance pool.
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Specific CECL Allowance(4)
General CECL AllowanceTotal CECL Allowance
CECL Allowance as % of Amortized Cost(4)
FundedUnfundedTotalGeneral Total
December 31, 2020$175,000 $38,102 $3,365 $41,467 $216,467 0.67 %3.23 %
Changes:
Q1 Allowance (Reversals)(1)
 (1,667)429 (1,238)(1,238)
March 31, 2021$175,000 $36,435 $3,794 $40,229 $215,229 0.62 %3.06 %
Changes:
Q2 Allowance (Reversals)(2)
(20,000)1,764 (1,350)414 (19,586)
Write-offs(3)
(10,000)   (10,000)
June 30, 2021$145,000 $38,199 $2,444 $40,643 $185,643 0.57 %2.41 %
———————
(1)During the three months ended March 31, 2021 General CECL Allowance decreased by $1.2 million due to portfolio seasoning and accelerated expected loan repayment dates, which was partially offset by new loan originations.
(2)During the three months ended June 30, 2021 there was a reversal of previously recorded Specific CECL Allowance of $20.0 million on a loan related to a multifamily development in Brooklyn, NY due to improved market outlook. General CECL Allowance increased by $0.4 million due to new loan originations, which was partially offset by portfolio seasoning and an improved macroeconomic outlook.
(3)$10.0 million of previously recorded Specific CECL Allowance, on a subordinate hotel loan, was written-off in connection with the assumption of the hotels assets and liabilities. Refer to "Note 5 – Assets and Liabilities Related to Real Estate Owned, Held for Sale" for additional information.
(4)Loans evaluated for Specific CECL Allowance are excluded from General CECL Allowance pool.

General CECL Allowance
In determining the General CECL Allowance using the WARM method, an annual historical loss rate, adjusted for macroeconomic estimates, is applied to the amortized cost of an asset, or pool of assets, over each subsequent period for the assets' remaining expected life. We considered various factors including (i) historical loss experience in the commercial real estate lending market, (ii) timing of expected repayments and satisfactions, (iii) expected future funding, (iv) capital subordinate to us when we are the senior lender, (v) capital senior to us when we are the subordinate lender, and (vi) our current and future view of the macroeconomic environment for a reasonable and supportable forecast period. The CECL Standard requires the use of significant judgment to arrive at an estimated credit loss. There is significant uncertainty related to future macroeconomic conditions as the result of COVID-19.

We derived an annual historical loss rate based on a commercial mortgage backed securities ("CMBS") database with historical losses from 1998 through the second quarter of 2022 provided by a third party, Trepp LLC. We applied various filters to arrive at a CMBS dataset most analogous to our current portfolio from which to determine an appropriate historical loss rate. The annual historical loss rate was further adjusted to reflect our expectations of the macroeconomic environment for a reasonable and supportable forecast period which we have determined to be one year. In assessing the macroeconomic environment, we consider macroeconomic factors, including unemployment rate, commercial real estate prices, and market liquidity. We compared the historical data for each metric to historical commercial real estate losses in order to determine the correlation of the data. We used projections, obtained from third-party service providers, of each factor to approximate the impact the macroeconomic outlook may have on our loss rate.

The General CECL Allowance on subordinate loans is calculated by incorporating both the loan balance of the position(s) of the structurally senior third-party lender(s) and the balance of our subordinate loan(s). The subordinate loans, by virtue of being the first loss position, are required to absorb losses prior to the senior position(s) being impacted, resulting in a higher percentage allowance attributable to the subordinate loan. The General CECL Allowance on unfunded loan commitments is time-weighted based on our expected commitment to fund such obligations. The General CECL Allowance on unfunded commitments is recorded as a liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheet within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities.
We have made an accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable ($46.4 million and $41.2 million, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively), included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet, from the amortized cost basis of the related commercial mortgage loans and subordinate loans and other lending assets in determining the General CECL Allowance, as any uncollectible accrued interest receivable is written off in a timely manner.
Although our secured debt obligations and senior secured term loan financing have a minimum tangible net worth maintenance covenant, the General CECL Allowance has no impact on these covenants as we are permitted to add back the
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General CECL Allowance for the computation of tangible net worth as defined in the respective agreements.
The following schedule sets forth our General CECL Allowance as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Commercial mortgage loans, net$19,505 $22,554 
Subordinate loans and other lending assets, net3,857 11,034 
Unfunded commitments(1)
3,999 3,106 
Total General CECL Allowance$27,361 $36,694 
 ———————
(1)The General CECL Allowance on unfunded commitments is recorded as a liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheet within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities.
Specific CECL Allowance
For collateral-dependent loans where we have deemed the borrower/sponsor to be experiencing financial difficulty, we have elected to apply a practical expedient in accordance with the CECL Standard in which the fair value of the underlying collateral is compared to the amortized cost of the loan in determining a Specific CECL Allowance. The Specific CECL Allowance is determined as the difference between the fair value of the underlying collateral and the carrying value of the loan (prior to the Specific CECL Allowance). When the repayment or satisfaction of a loan is dependent on a sale, rather than operations, of the collateral, the fair value is adjusted for the estimated cost to sell the collateral. Collateral-dependent loans evaluated for a Specific CECL Allowance are removed from the General CECL pool. The fair value of the underlying collateral is determined by using method(s) such as discounted cash flow, the market approach, or direct capitalization approach. The key unobservable inputs used to determine the fair value of the underlying collateral may vary depending on the information available to us and market conditions as of the valuation date.
We regularly evaluate the extent and impact of any credit migration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying collateral property as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower/sponsor on a loan by loan basis. The Specific CECL Allowance is evaluated on a quarterly basis. Specifically, a property’s operating results and any cash reserves are analyzed and used to assess (i) whether cash from operations is sufficient to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, (ii) the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan and/or (iii) the liquidation value of the underlying collateral. We also evaluate the financial wherewithal of any loan guarantors as well as the borrower’s competency in managing and operating the properties. In addition, we consider the overall economic environment, real estate sector and geographic sub-market in which the borrower operates. Such impairment analysis is completed and reviewed by asset management and finance personnel who utilize various data sources, including (i) periodic financial data such as debt service coverage ratio, property occupancy, tenant profile, rental rates, operating expenses, the borrower’s exit plan, and capitalization and discount rates, (ii) site inspections and (iii) current credit spreads and discussions with market participants.
The following table summarizes our risk rated 4 and 5 loans as of June 30, 2022, which were analyzed for Specific CECL Allowances ($ in thousands):
TypeProperty typeLocationAmortized cost prior to Specific CECL AllowanceSpecific CECL AllowanceAmortized costInterest recognition status/ as of dateRisk rating
Mortgage
Multifamily Development(1)(2)
Brooklyn, NY$220,487$$220,487Cost Recovery/ 3/1/20204
Urban Predevelopment(2)(3)
Miami, FL190,92968,000122,929Cost Recovery/ 3/1/20205
Retail Center(4)(5)
Cincinnati, OH171,25567,000104,255 Cost Recovery/ 10/1/20195
Hotel(6)
Atlanta, GA106,2967,00099,296Cash Basis/ 5/1/20225
Mortgage total:$688,967$142,000$546,967
Mezzanine
Residential-for-Sale(7)
Manhattan, NY$81,980$30,000$51,980Cash Basis/ 7/1/20215
Mezzanine total:$81,980$30,000$51,980
Total:$770,947$172,000$598,947
———————
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(1)During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the previously recorded $10.0 million Specific CECL Allowance was reversed as a result of market rent growth and value created from development activities. The loan remains on cost recovery and the risk rating has been upgraded from a 5 to a 4 as of June 30, 2022.
(2)The fair value of this collateral was determined by assuming rent per square foot ranging from $62 to $215 and a capitalization rate ranging from 5.0% to 5.5%.
(3)In October 2020, we entered a joint venture with CCOF Design Venture, LLC, which owns the underlying properties that secure our $188.2 million first mortgage loan. The entity in which we own an interest, and which owns the underlying properties, was deemed to be a Variable Interest Entity ("VIE") and we determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of that VIE as we do not have the power to direct the entity's activities. The related profit and loss from the joint venture was immaterial for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.
(4)The fair value of retail collateral was determined by applying a capitalization rate of 8.0%.
(5)In September 2018, we entered a joint venture with Turner Consulting II, LLC ("Turner Consulting"), through an entity which owns the underlying property that secures our loan. Turner Consulting contributed 10% of the venture’s equity and we contributed 90%. The entity was deemed to be a VIE and we determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of that VIE as we do not have the power to direct the entity's activities. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively and $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively of interest paid was applied towards reducing the carrying value of the loan. The related profit and loss from the joint venture was immaterial for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.
(6)The fair value of the hotel collateral was determined by applying a capitalization rate of 9.3% and a discount rate of 11.3%.
(7)The fair value of the residential-for-sale collateral was determined by making certain projections and assumptions with respect to future performance and a discount rate of 10%.
We cease accruing interest on loans if we deem the interest to be uncollectible with any previously accrued uncollected interest on the loan charged to interest income in the same period. Under certain circumstances, we may apply the cost recovery method under which interest collected on a loan reduces the loan's amortized cost. The amortized cost basis for loans on cost recovery was $447.7 million and $404.8 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we received $0.3 million and $0.6 million and $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively, in interest that reduced amortized cost under the cost recovery method.
As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the amortized cost basis for loans with accrued interest past due 90 or more days was $714.0 million and $757.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2022 the amortized cost basis for loans with accrued interest between 30 and 59 days past due was $99.3 million. As of December 31, 2021, there were no loans with interest between 30 and 59 days past due.
We evaluate modifications to our loan portfolio to determine if the modifications constitute a TDR and/or substantial modification, under ASC Topic 310 "Receivables".
We own three mezzanine loans secured by an ultra luxury residential-for-sale property in Manhattan, NY which had an aggregate amortized cost at June 30, 2022 of $513.4 million (inclusive of $142.9 million of payment- in-kind ("PIK") interest) and are secured by the same residential-for-sale property currently under construction in Manhattan, NY. These loans include (i) a $247.1 million senior mezzanine loan ("Senior Mezzanine Loan"), (ii) a $214.3 million junior mezzanine loan ("Junior Mezzanine A Loan"), and (iii) a $52.0 million junior mezzanine (net of a $30.0 million Specific CECL Allowance) ("Junior Mezzanine B Loan" together with the Junior Mezzanine A Loan collectively referred to as "Junior Mezzanine Loan"). During the third quarter of 2021, a vehicle (the "Seller") managed by an affiliate of the Manager transferred its Junior Mezzanine B Loan position to the Company and in connection with this transfer, one of the property’s subordinate capital providers paid the Seller a price representing the Seller’s original principal balance on the Junior Mezzanine B Loan position with the Seller agreeing to forego its accrued interest on the Junior Mezzanine B Loan based on a change in the estimated sales velocity of the collateral.
In conjunction with this transaction, the Company and the subordinate capital provider have agreed to a waterfall sharing arrangement pursuant to which, rather than the Company receiving interest it otherwise would have been entitled to after July 1, 2021 on the Junior Mezzanine Loan, proceeds received from the sale or refinance of the underlying collateral, after repayment to priority lenders under the waterfall, will be shared between the Company and the subordinate capital provider at an agreed upon allocation. As such, we opted to cease accruing interest on the Junior Mezzanine Loan as of July 1, 2021 and will resume doing so when we deem appropriate. As of March 31, 2022, sales velocity on the underlying property lagged behind the borrower's business plan and management's expectations. Based on this information as of March 31, 2022, we deemed the borrower to be experiencing financial difficulty and accordingly changed the risk rating to a 5 and recorded $30.0 million of Specific CECL Allowance on the Junior Mezzanine B Loan. As of June 30, 2022, our amortized cost basis in this loan was $52.0 million, and its risk rating remained as a 5.
In March 2017 we originated a first mortgage secured by a hotel in Atlanta, GA. As of May 1, 2022, due to slower than expected recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, we ceased accruing interest and will record interest on cash-basis. As of June 30, 2022, we recorded a $7.0 million Specific CECL Allowance and the risk rating was downgraded from a 4 to a 5.
Other Loan and Lending Assets Activity
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We recognized PIK interest of $4.5 million and $5.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 respectively, and $13.7 million and $30.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.
We recognized $0.3 million and $2.4 million in pre-payment penalties and accelerated fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. We recognized $0.7 million in pre-payment penalties and accelerated fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.
As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, our portfolio included other lending assets, which are subordinate risk retention interests in securitization vehicles. The underlying mortgages related to our subordinate risk retention interests are secured by a portfolio of properties located throughout the United States. Our maximum exposure to loss from the subordinate risk retention interests is limited to the book value of such interests. The book value as of June 30, 2022 was $51.1 million, consisting of one interest with a weighted average maturity of 2.0 years and $64.6 million as of December 31, 2021 consisting of two interests with weighted average maturity of 4.5 years. We are not obligated to provide, and do not intend to provide financial support to these subordinate risk retention interests. These interests are accounted for as held-to-maturity and recorded at carrying value on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
In November 2020, the borrower under a £309.2 million commercial mortgage loan ($422.7 million assuming conversion into U.S. Dollars ("USD")), of which we owned £247.5 million ($338.4 million assuming conversion into USD), secured by an urban retail property located in London, United Kingdom, entered into administration triggering an event of default. In accordance with the loan agreement, we were entitled to collect default interest in addition to the contractual interest we had been earning. During the first quarter of 2022, our commercial mortgage loan was fully satisfied and all accrued contractual and default interest was collected.
Held for Sale
Loans are classified as held for sale if there is an intent to sell them in the short-term following the reporting date. Loans classified as held for sale are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less costs to sell, unless the fair value option is elected at origination. Additionally, held for sale loans are not subject to the General CECL Allowance.
Due to our intent to sell, we reclassified one of our subordinate loans to held for sale during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The loan is collateralized by an office property located in Troy, MI, and had an amortized cost of $7.5 million as of June 30, 2022. The loan has a risk rating of 3 as of June 30, 2022.

Note 5 – Assets and Liabilities Related to Real Estate Owned, Held for Sale
In 2017, we originated a subordinate loan junior to a $33.0 million third-party mortgage, secured by a hotel in Anaheim, CA. In December 2020, due to non-performance, we assumed legal title through the execution of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. We intended to sell the hotel and, as such, as of the date of the title assumption, we recorded the hotel property on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at its fair market value less costs to sell, net of a realized loss of $2.4 million, that was previously recorded as Specific CECL Allowance.
As of March 31, 2021, there was an increase in our expected costs to sell the property, and therefore, we recorded a $0.6 million loss during the three months ended March 31, 2021, as realized losses and impairments on real estate owned in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the second quarter of 2021 the property was sold at our cost basis and no additional gain or loss was recorded. The $33.0 million first mortgage was repaid upon the sale of the property.
In 2017, we originated a $20.0 million junior mezzanine loan which was subordinate to: (i) a $110.0 million mortgage loan, and (ii) a $24.5 million senior mezzanine loan, secured by a full-service luxury hotel in Washington, D.C. During the first quarter of 2020, we recorded a $10.0 million Specific CECL Allowance and placed our junior mezzanine loan on non-accrual status.
On May 24, 2021, we purchased the $24.5 million senior mezzanine loan at par and acquired legal title to the hotel through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. We assumed the hotel’s assets and liabilities (including the $110.0 million mortgage loan) and recorded an additional $10.0 million charge reflecting the difference between the fair value of the hotel’s net assets and the carrying amount of the loan. This $10.0 million loss on title assumption plus the previously recorded Specific CECL Allowance of $10.0 million resulted in a $20.0 million realized loss on investments included in our condensed consolidated statement of operations during the second quarter of 2021.
On May 24, 2021, in accordance with ASC 805, "Business Combinations," we allocated the fair value of the hotel’s
17


acquired assets and assumed debt. On June 29, 2021, we repaid the $110.0 million mortgage loan against the property. As of March 1, 2022, the hotel assets and liabilities met the criteria to be classified as held for sale under ASC Topic 360, "Property, Plant, and Equipment." As of March 1, 2022, we ceased recording depreciation on the building and furniture, fixtures, and equipment on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Below are the hotel's assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2022 on our condensed consolidated balance sheet ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022
Assets:
Cash$7,304 
Land58,742 
Buildings86,973 
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment8,801 
Accumulated depreciation(3,349)
Other assets4,375 
Total Assets$162,846 
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities7,156 
Total Liabilities$7,156 
Net Real Estate Assets$155,690 
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded the operating revenue, expenses and fixed asset depreciation and amortization in our condensed consolidated income statement as shown below ($ in thousands):
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2022202120222021
Operations related to real estate owned:
Revenue from operations$18,630 $1,374 $27,670 $1,374 
Operating expenses(13,134)(1,994)(22,786)(1,994)
Depreciation and amortization (452)(704)(452)
Net income (loss) from real estate owned$5,496 $(1,072)$4,180 $(1,072)
Note 6 – Other Assets
The following table details the components of our other assets at the dates indicated ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Interest receivable$46,387 $41,219 
Loan proceeds held by servicer24,905 3,179 
Other(1)
76 3,355 
Total$71,368 $47,753 
———————
(1)Includes $3.1 million of other assets from real estate owned at December 31, 2021. Refer to "Note 5 – Assets and Liabilities Related to Real Estate Owned, Held for Sale" for additional information.
Note 7 – Secured Debt Arrangements, Net

At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, our borrowings included the following secured debt arrangements, maturities and weighted-average interest rates ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
18


 
Maximum Amount of Borrowings(1)
Borrowings Outstanding(1)
Maturity (2)
Maximum Amount of Borrowings(1)
Borrowings Outstanding(1)
Maturity (2)
JPMorgan - USD$1,421,841 $1,224,801 September 2026$1,344,283 $1,329,923 September 2026
JPMorgan - GBP78,159 78,159 September 202687,497 86,849 September 2026
JPMorgan - EUR  N/A68,220 68,220 September 2026
DB - USD700,000 429,352 March 2023700,000 259,073 March 2023
Goldman - USD300,000 152,589 
November 2025(3)
300,000 168,231 
November 2025(3)
CS Facility - USD632,360 629,349 
August 2026(4)(5)
161,609 148,720 
February 2025(4)(5)
HSBC Facility - GBP367,288 367,288 April 2025  N/A
HSBC Facility - EUR273,406 273,406 
January 2026(5)
167,756 162,937 July 2022
Barclays - USD200,000 172,693 
June 2026(4)(5)
200,000 32,693 March 2024
Santander - EUR56,614 50,537 August 2024  N/A
Total Secured Credit Facilities4,029,668 3,378,174 3,029,365 2,256,646 
Barclays Private Securitization - GBP, EUR, SEK1,815,687 1,815,687 
February 2026(5)
1,902,684 1,902,684 
August 2024(5)
Total Secured Debt Arrangements5,845,355 5,193,861 4,932,049 4,159,330 
Less: deferred financing costsN/A(10,024)N/A(9,062)
Total Secured Debt Arrangements, net(6)(7)(8)
$5,845,355 $5,183,837 $4,932,049 $4,150,268  
———————
(1)As of June 30, 2022, GBP, EUR, and Swedish Krona ("SEK") borrowings were converted to USD at a rate of 1.22, 1.05, and 0.10, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, GBP, EUR and SEK borrowings were converted to USD at a rate of 1.35, 1.14 and 0.11, respectively.
(2)Maturity date assumes extensions at our option are exercised with consent of financing providers, where applicable.
(3)Assumes facility enters the amortization period described below.
(4)Assumes financings are extended in line with the underlying loans.
(5)Represents weighted average maturity across various financings with the counterparty. See below for additional details.
(6)Weighted-average borrowing costs as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were applicable benchmark rates and credit spread adjustments, plus spreads of USD: +2.11% / GBP: +1.84% / EUR: +1.52% / SEK: +1.50% and USD: +2.00% / GBP: +1.86% / EUR: +1.42%/ SEK: +1.50%, respectively.
(7)Weighted average advance rates based on cost as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were 71.9% (68.0% (USD) / 76.6% (GBP) / 74.9% (EUR) / 80.6% (SEK)) and 69.8% (67.1% (USD) / 72.7% (GBP) / 68.9% (EUR) / 80.7% (SEK)), respectively.
(8)As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, approximately 58% and 50% of the outstanding balance under these secured borrowings were recourse to us.
Each of our existing secured credit facilities include "credit based and other mark-to-market" features. "Credit mark-to-market" provisions in repurchase facilities are designed to keep the lenders' credit exposure generally constant as a percentage of the underlying collateral value of the assets pledged as security to them. If the credit of the underlying collateral value decreases, the amount of leverage available to us will be reduced as our assets are marked-to-market, which would reduce our liquidity. Generally, the lender under the applicable secured debt arrangement calls for and/or sets the valuation and any revaluation of the collateral assets in its sole, good faith discretion. If it is determined (subject to certain conditions) that the market value of the underlying collateral has decreased by more than a defined minimum amount, the lender may require us to provide additional collateral or may make margin calls, which may require us to repay all or a portion of the funds advanced. We closely monitor our liquidity and intend to maintain sufficient liquidity on our condensed consolidated balance sheet in order to meet any margin calls in the event of any significant decreases in asset values. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the weighted average haircut under our secured debt arrangements was approximately 28.1% and 30.2%, respectively. In addition, our existing secured debt arrangements are not entirely term-matched financings and may mature before our commercial real estate debt investments that represent underlying collateral to those financings. We are in frequent dialogue with the lenders under our secured debt arrangements regarding our management of their collateral assets and as we negotiate renewals and extensions of these liabilities, we may experience lower advance rates and higher pricing under the renewed or extended agreements.

19


JPMorgan Facility
In November 2019, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, we entered into a Sixth Amended and Restated Master Repurchase Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association (the "JPMorgan Facility"). During the third quarter of 2021, we amended the JPMorgan Facility to allow for $1.5 billion of maximum borrowings and maturity in September 2024, plus two one-year extensions available at our option, which are subject to certain conditions. The JPMorgan Facility enables us to elect to receive advances in USD, GBP, or EUR. Margin calls may occur any time at specified aggregate margin deficit thresholds.
As of June 30, 2022, we had $1.3 billion, including £64.2 million ($78.2 million assuming conversion into USD) of borrowings outstanding under the JPMorgan Facility secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
DB Facility
In January 2022, through an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, we entered into a Fourth Amended and Restated Master Repurchase Agreement with Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch, London Branch (the "DB Facility"). The DB Facility allows for $700.0 million in maximum borrowings ($429.4 million drawn at June 30, 2022) for the sale and repurchase of eligible first mortgage loans secured by commercial or residential-for-rent properties, located in the United States, United Kingdom and the European Union, and enables us to elect to receive advances in USD, GBP, or EUR. In March 2022, we exercised our second extension option and extended maturity to March 2023. Margin calls may occur any time at specified aggregate margin deficit thresholds.
As of June 30, 2022, we had $429.4 million of borrowings outstanding under the DB Facility secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
Goldman Facility
In November 2017, through an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, we entered into a master repurchase and securities contract agreement with Goldman Sachs Bank USA (the "Goldman Facility"). During the fourth quarter of 2021, we amended the Goldman Facility to reduce the maximum borrowings from $500.0 million to $300.0 million and extended maturity to November 2023. In addition, the Goldman Facility contains a two-year amortization period subsequent to the November 2023 maturity, which allows for the refinancing or pay down of assets under the facility. Margin calls may occur any time at specified margin deficit thresholds.
As of June 30, 2022, we had $152.6 million of borrowings outstanding under the Goldman Facility secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
CS Facility
In July 2018, through an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, we entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement with Credit Suisse AG, acting through its Cayman Islands Branch and Alpine Securitization Ltd (the "CS Facility"), which provides for advances for the sale and repurchase of eligible commercial mortgage loans secured by real estate. The CS Facility has an "evergreen" feature such that the facility continues unless terminated at any time by Credit Suisse with six months' notice. Margin calls may occur any time at specified aggregate margin deficit thresholds.
As of June 30, 2022, we had $629.3 million of borrowings outstanding under the CS Facility secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
HSBC Facility
In July 2019, through an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, we entered into a secured credit facility with HSBC Bank plc, which provides for asset specific financing (the "HSBC Facility"). The weighted-average fully-extended maturity for the assets financed under the HSBC Facility is August 2025 (January 2026 for EUR portion and April 2025 for GBP portion). Margin calls may occur any time at specified aggregate margin deficit thresholds.
As of June 30, 2022, we had £301.6 million and €260.8 million ($640.7 million assuming conversion into USD) of borrowings outstanding under the HSBC Facility secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
Barclays Facility
20


In March 2020, through an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, we entered into a secured credit facility pursuant to a Master Repurchase Agreement with Barclays Bank plc (the "Barclays Facility"). The Barclays Facility allows for $200.0 million of maximum borrowings. The weighted-average fully-extended maturity for the assets financed under the Barclays Facility is June 2026. Margin calls may occur any time at specified aggregate margin deficit thresholds.
As of June 30, 2022, we had $172.7 million of borrowings outstanding under the Barclays Facility secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
Santander Facility
In March 2022, through an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, we entered into a secured credit facility with Santander Bank, which provides for a single asset financing (the "Santander Facility"). The Santander Facility allows for €54.0 million ($56.6 million assuming conversion to USD) of maximum borrowings and initially matures in August 2024. Margin calls may occur any time at specified aggregate margin deficit thresholds.
As of June 30, 2022, we had €48.2 million ($50.5 million assuming conversion into USD) of borrowings outstanding under the Santander Facility secured by one commercial mortgage loan.
Barclays Private Securitization
In June 2020, through a newly formed entity, we entered into a private securitization with Barclays Bank plc, of which Barclays Bank plc retained $782.0 million of senior notes (the "Barclays Private Securitization"). The Barclays Private Securitization finances the loans that were previously financed under a Global Master Repurchase Agreement with Barclays Bank plc (the "Barclays Facility - GBP/EUR"). Commercial mortgage loans currently financed under the Barclays Securitization are denominated in GBP, EUR and SEK.
The table below provides principal balances and the carrying value for commercial mortgage loans pledged to the Barclays Private Securitization as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022
Local CurrencyCountOutstanding PrincipalCarrying Value
GBP7$1,505,125 $1,485,639 
EUR4647,913643,462
SEK1253,024 250,429 
Total 12$2,406,062 $2,379,530 
December 31, 2021
Local CurrencyCountOutstanding PrincipalCarrying Value
GBP7$1,767,063 $1,748,367 
EUR2533,164528,344
SEK1286,822 282,555 
Total 10$2,587,049 $2,559,266 

The Barclays Private Securitization eliminates daily margining provisions and grants us significant discretion to modify certain terms of the underlying collateral including waiving certain loan-level covenant breaches and deferring or waiving of debt service payments for up to 18 months. The securitization includes LTV based covenants with significant headroom to previous levels included in the Barclays Facility - GBP/EUR. These deleveraging requirements are based on significant declines in the value of the collateral as determined by an annual third-party (engaged by us) appraisal process tied to the provisions of the underlying loan agreements. We believe this provides us with both cushion and predictability to avoid sudden unexpected outcomes and material repayment requirements.
The table below provides the borrowings outstanding (on an as converted basis) and weighted-average fully-extended maturities by currency for the assets financed under the Barclays Private Securitization as of June 30, 2022 ($ in thousands):
21


Borrowings outstanding
Fully-Extended Maturity(1)
Total/Weighted-Average GBP$1,142,881 
April 2026
Total/Weighted-Average EUR470,387
July 2025(2)
Total/Weighted-Average SEK202,419May 2026
Total/Weighted-Average Securitization$1,815,687 February 2026
———————
(1)Assumes underlying loans extend to fully extended maturity and extensions at our option are exercised.
(2)The EUR portion of the Barclays Private Securitization has an "evergreen" feature such that the facility continues for one year and can be terminated by either party on certain dates with, depending on the date of notice, a minimum of nine to twelve months' notice.

The table below provides the borrowings outstanding (on an as converted basis) and weighted-average fully-extended maturities by currency for the assets financed under the Barclays Private Securitization as of December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
Borrowings outstanding
Fully-Extended Maturity(1)
Total/Weighted-Average GBP$1,299,321 June 2025
Total/Weighted-Average EUR373,904
November 2022(2)
Total/Weighted-Average SEK229,458November 2022
Total/Weighted-Average Securitization$1,902,683 August 2024
———————
(1)Assumes underlying loans extend to fully extended maturity and extensions at our option are exercised.
(2)The EUR portion of the Barclays Private Securitization has an "evergreen" feature such that the facility continues for one year and can be terminated by either party on certain dates with, depending on the date of notice, a minimum of nine to twelve months' notice.

The table below provides the assets and liabilities of the Barclays Private Securitization VIE included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Assets:
Cash$1,231 $3,456 
Commercial mortgage loans, net(1)
2,379,530 2,559,266 
Other Assets36,085 20,765 
Total Assets$2,416,846 $2,583,487 
Liabilities:
Secured debt arrangements, net (net of deferred financing costs of $2.3 million and $2.0 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively)
$1,813,364 $1,900,640 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities(2)
4,760 2,671 
Total Liabilities$1,818,124 $1,903,311 
———————
(1)Net of the General CECL Allowance of $6.7 million and $11.8 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(2)Includes General CECL Allowance related to unfunded commitments on commercial mortgage loans, net of $1.7 million and $0.4 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The table below provides the net income of the Barclays Private Securitization VIE included in our condensed consolidated statement of operations ($ in thousands):
22


Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2022202120222021
Net Interest Income:
Interest income from commercial mortgage loans$27,463 $20,943 $56,177 $37,036 
Interest expense(10,574)(6,396)(20,162)(10,986)
Net interest income$16,889 $14,547 $36,015 $26,050 
Reversal of (provision for) loan losses, net468 (2,040)3,809 (5,668)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)(41,879)2,802 (61,508)1,889 
Net Income$(24,522)$15,309 $(21,684)$22,271 
As of June 30, 2022, we had £938.5 million, €448.7 million, and kr2.1 billion ($1.8 billion assuming conversion into USD) of borrowings outstanding under the Barclays Private Securitization secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
At June 30, 2022, our borrowings had the following remaining maturities ($ in thousands):
Less than
1 year
1 to 3
years
3 to 5
years
More than
5 years
Total
JPMorgan Facility$182,096 $513,498 $607,365 $ $1,302,959 
DB Facility429,352    429,352 
Goldman Facility80,847 35,886 35,856  152,589 
CS Facility 162,347 467,002  629,349 
HSBC Facility 490,455 150,240  640,695 
Barclays Facility32,693  140,000  172,693 
Santander Facility 50,537   50,537 
Barclays Private Securitization  530,829 1,284,858  1,815,687 
Total$724,988 $1,783,552 $2,685,321 $ $5,193,861 
The table above reflects the fully extended maturity date of the facility and assumes facilities with an "evergreen" feature continue to extend through the fully-extended maturity of the underlying asset and assumes underlying loans are extended with consent of financing providers.
The table below summarizes the outstanding balances at June 30, 2022, as well as the maximum and average month-end balances for the six months ended June 30, 2022 for our borrowings under secured debt arrangements ($ in thousands).
As of June 30, 2022For the six months ended June 30, 2022
 BalanceAmortized Cost of Collateral Maximum Month-End
Balance
Average Month-End
Balance
JPMorgan Facility$1,302,960 $2,013,513 $1,467,343 $1,381,513 
DB Facility429,352 633,113 432,455 391,224 
Goldman Facility152,589 250,243 164,607 158,708 
CS Facility629,349 845,782 633,143 451,734 
HSBC Facility640,694 803,321 660,004 385,236 
Barclays Facility172,693 223,618 172,693 79,359 
Santander Facility50,537 66,471 52,222 50,915 
Barclays Private Securitization1,815,687 2,386,192 1,963,837 1,862,220 
Total$5,193,861 $7,222,253 
The table below summarizes the outstanding balances at December 31, 2021, as well as the maximum and average month-end balances for the year ended December 31, 2021 for our borrowings under secured debt arrangements ($ in thousands).
23


As of December 31, 2021
For the year ended December 31, 2021
 BalanceAmortized Cost of CollateralMaximum Month-End
Balance
Average Month-End
Balance
JPMorgan Facility$1,484,992 $2,259,376 $1,484,992 $1,219,072 
DB Facility259,073 389,238 520,217 407,428 
Goldman Facility168,231 261,848 331,154 228,312 
CS Facility148,720 214,124 369,182 224,351 
HSBC Facility162,937 211,813 174,717 165,958 
Barclays Facility32,693 50,241 35,193 33,526 
Barclays Private Securitization1,902,684 2,571,067 1,902,684 1,396,411 
Total$4,159,330 $5,957,707 
Debt Covenants
The guarantees related to our secured debt arrangements contain the following financial covenants: (i) tangible net worth must be greater than $1.25 billion plus 75% of the net cash proceeds of any equity issuance after March 31, 2017; (ii) our ratio of total indebtedness to tangible net worth cannot be greater than 3.75:1; and (iii) our liquidity cannot be less than an amount equal to the greater of 5% of total recourse indebtedness or $30.0 million. Under these covenants, our General CECL Allowance is added back to our tangible net worth calculation.
We were in compliance with the covenants under each of our secured debt arrangements at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Note 8 – Senior Secured Term Loans, Net
In May 2019, we entered into a $500.0 million senior secured term loan (the "2026 Term Loan"), which matures in May 2026 and contains restrictions relating to liens, asset sales, indebtedness, and investments in non-wholly owned entities. The 2026 Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.75% and was issued at a price of 99.5%.
In March 2021, we entered into an additional $300.0 million senior secured term loan, with substantially the same terms as the 2026 Term Loan, (the "2028 Term Loan" and, together with the 2026 Term Loan, the "Term Loans"), which matures in March 2028 and contains restrictions relating to liens, asset sales, indebtedness, and investments in non-wholly owned entities. The 2028 Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR (with a floor of 0.50%) plus 3.50% and was issued at a price of 99.0%.
The Term Loans are amortizing with repayments of 0.25% per quarter of the total committed principal. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we repaid $1.3 million and $2.5 million of principal related to the 2026 Term Loan, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, we repaid $0.7 million and $1.5 million of principal related to the 2028 Term Loan, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, we repaid $0.7 million of principal related to the 2028 Term Loan.
The following table summarizes the terms of our Term Loans as of June 30, 2022 ($ in thousands):
Principal Amount
Unamortized Issuance Discount(1)
Deferred Financing Costs(1)
Carrying ValueSpreadMaturity Date
2026 Term Loan$485,000 $(1,369)$(6,990)$476,641 2.75 %5/15/2026
2028 Term Loan296,250 (2,428)(4,304)289,518 3.50 %3/11/2028
Total$781,250 $(3,797)$(11,294)$766,159 
———————
(1)     Unamortized issuance discount and deferred financing costs will be amortized to interest expense over remaining life of respective term loans.
The following table summarizes the terms of our Term Loans as of December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
24


Principal Amount
Unamortized Issuance Discount(1)
Deferred Financing Costs(1)
Carrying ValueSpreadMaturity Date
2026 Term Loan$487,500 $(1,548)$(7,933)$478,019 2.75 %5/15/2026
2028 Term Loan297,750 (2,643)(4,801)290,306 3.50 %3/11/2028
Total$785,250 $(4,191)$(12,734)$768,325 
———————
(1)     Unamortized issuance discount and deferred financing costs will be amortized to interest expense over remaining life of respective term loans.
Covenants
During the fourth quarter of 2021, we modified the financial covenants of the Term Loans which included the following: (i) increased our maximum ratio of total recourse debt to tangible net worth from 3:1 to 4:1; (ii) increased our maximum ratio of total unencumbered assets to total pari-passu indebtedness from 1.25:1 to 2.50:1; and (iii) amended the definition of unencumbered asset to include the carrying value of the residual equity in the entities where we hold assets financed under repurchase obligations. In conjunction with the modifications, we incurred $5.2 million in fees, $3.9 million of which were consent fees paid to borrowers recorded as deferred financing costs and $1.3 million of arrangement fees paid to the Term Loan arranger recorded as general and administrative expenses.
We were in compliance with the covenants under the Term Loans at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
Interest Rate Cap
During the second quarter of 2020, we entered into a three-year interest rate cap to cap LIBOR at 0.75%. This effectively limits the maximum all-in coupon on our 2026 Term Loan to 3.50%. In connection with the interest rate cap, we incurred upfront fees of $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, which we recorded as a deferred financing cost on our consolidated balance sheet. The deferred financing cost is being amortized over the duration of the interest rate cap with respective amortization recognized as part of interest expense in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, LIBOR exceeded the cap rate of 0.75%. As such, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, we recognized income from the interest rate cap in the amount of $0.2 million which is offsetting interest expense in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. There was no such contra-expense recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.

Note 9 – Senior Secured Notes, Net
In June 2021, we issued $500.0 million of 4.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2029 (the "2029 Notes"), for which we received net proceeds of $495.0 million, after offering expenses. The 2029 Notes will mature on June 15, 2029, unless earlier repurchased or redeemed. The 2029 Notes are secured by a first-priority lien, and rank pari passu in right of payment with all of our existing and future first lien obligations, including indebtedness under the Term Loans. The 2029 Notes were issued at par and contain covenants relating to liens, indebtedness, and investments in non-wholly owned entities. The 2029 Notes had a carrying value of $494.4 million and $494.1 million, net of deferred financing costs of $5.6 million and $5.9 million, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Covenants
The 2029 Notes include certain covenants including a requirement that we maintain a ratio of total unencumbered assets to total pari-passu indebtedness of at least 1.20:1. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants.
Note 10 – Convertible Senior Notes, Net
In two separate offerings during 2017, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $345.0 million of 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (the "2022 Notes"), for which we received $337.5 million, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. At June 30, 2022, the 2022 Notes had a carrying value of $344.9 million and an unamortized discount of $0.1 million.
During the fourth quarter of 2018, we issued $230.0 million of 5.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (the "2023
25


Notes" and, together with the 2022 Notes, the "Convertible Notes"), for which we received $223.7 million after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. At June 30, 2022, the 2023 Notes had a carrying value of $229.0 million and an unamortized discount of $1.0 million.
The following table summarizes the terms of the Convertible Notes as of June 30, 2022 ($ in thousands):
Principal AmountCoupon Rate
Effective Rate (1)
Conversion Rate (2)
Maturity DateRemaining Period of Amortization
2022 Notes$345,000 4.75 %4.86 %50.2260 8/23/20220.15
2023 Notes230,000 5.38 %5.85 %48.7187 10/15/20231.29
Total$575,000 
The following table summarizes the terms of the Convertible Notes as of December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
Principal AmountCoupon Rate
Effective Rate (1)
Conversion Rate (2)
Maturity DateRemaining Period of Amortization
2022 Notes$345,000 4.75 %5.60 %50.2260 8/23/20220.64
2023 Notes230,000 5.38 %6.16 %48.7187 10/15/20231.79
Total$575,000 
———————
(1)Effective rate includes the effect of the adjustment for the conversion option (See footnote (2) below), the value of which reduced the initial liability and was recorded in additional paid-in-capital. The effective rate as of June 30, 2022 reflects adoption of ASU 2020-06 "Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity".
(2)We have the option to settle any conversions in cash, shares of common stock or a combination thereof. The conversion rate represents the number of shares of common stock issuable per one thousand principal amount of the Convertible Notes converted, and includes adjustments relating to cash dividend payments made by us to stockholders that have been deferred and carried-forward in accordance with, and are not yet required to be made pursuant to, the terms of the applicable supplemental indenture.

We may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to maturity except in limited circumstances. The closing price of our common stock on June 30, 2022 of $10.44 was less than the per share conversion price of the Convertible Notes.
On January 1, 2022, we adopted ASU 2020-06 "Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity" ("ASU 2020-06"), which no longer require the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) to be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects the issuer’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, we attributed $15.4 million of the proceeds to the equity component of the Convertible Notes ($11.0 million to the 2022 Notes and $4.4 million to the 2023 Notes), which represented the excess proceeds received over the fair value of the liability component of the Convertible Notes at the date of issuance. The equity component of the Convertible Notes had been reflected within additional paid-in capital on our condensed consolidated balance sheet until January 1, 2022 when we adopted ASU 2020-06 through the modified retrospective approach. Upon adoption, we (i) reclassified $12.0 million of previously recorded amortization related to the equity component of the Convertible Notes from retained earnings to additional paid-in-capital and (ii) reclassified the remaining unamortized balance of $3.4 million to additional paid-in-capital, which increased the cost basis of convertible notes and decreased additional paid-in-capital on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The aggregate contractual interest expense was approximately $7.2 million and $14.4 million for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. With respect to the amortization of the discount on the liability component of the Convertible Notes as well as the amortization of deferred financing costs, we reported additional non-cash interest expense of approximately $0.8 million and $1.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to $1.6 million and $3.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.
Note 11 – Derivatives
We use forward currency contracts to economically hedge interest and principal payments due under our loans denominated in currencies other than USD.
We have entered into a series of forward contracts to sell an amount of foreign currency (GBP, EUR and SEK) for an
26


agreed upon amount of USD at various dates through February 2027. These forward contracts were executed to economically fix the USD amounts of foreign denominated cash flows expected to be received by us related to foreign denominated loan investments.
The following table summarizes our non-designated Fx forwards and our interest rate cap as of June 30, 2022:
June 30, 2022
Type of DerivativesNumber of ContractsAggregate Notional Amount (in thousands)Notional CurrencyMaturityWeighted-Average Years to Maturity
Fx contracts - GBP1331,013,398GBPJuly 2022 - February 20272.16
Fx contracts - EUR116622,313EURJuly 2022 - November 20251.82
Fx contracts - SEK21757,599SEKAugust 2022 - May 20263.34
Interest rate cap1500,000USDJune 20230.96
    

The following table summarizes our non-designated Fx forwards and our interest rate cap as of December 31, 2021:
December 31, 2021
Type of DerivativesNumber of ContractsAggregate Notional Amount (in thousands)Notional CurrencyMaturityWeighted-Average Years to Maturity
Fx contracts - GBP125738,178GBPJanuary 2022 - February 20262.14
Fx contracts - EUR90508,541EURJanuary 2022 - November 20251.88
Fx contracts - SEK20765,138SEKFebruary 2022 - May 20263.74
Interest rate cap1500,000USDJune 20231.45
We have not designated any of our derivative instruments as hedges as defined in ASC 815, "Derivatives and Hedging" and, therefore, changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments are recorded directly in earnings. The following table summarizes the amounts recognized on our condensed consolidated statements of operations related to our derivatives for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 ($ in thousands):
  Amount of gain (loss)
recognized in income
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income2022202120222021
Forward currency contractsUnrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments $95,053 $(2,021)$113,195 $8,481 
Forward currency contractsRealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments 10,160 (1,073)14,780 (1,775)
Total$105,213 $(3,094)$127,975 $6,706 
In June 2020, we entered into an interest rate cap for approximately $1.1 million. We use our interest rate cap to manage exposure to variable cash flows on our borrowings under our senior secured term loan by effectively limiting LIBOR from exceeding 0.75%. This effectively limits the maximum all-in coupon on our senior secured term loan to 3.50%. The unrealized gain or loss related to the interest rate cap is recorded net under unrealized gain on interest rate hedging instruments in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, LIBOR exceeded the cap rate of 0.75%. As such, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, we recognized income from the interest rate cap in the amount of $0.2 million which is offsetting interest expense in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. There was no such contra-expense recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. The following table summarizes the amount recognized on our condensed consolidated statements of operations related to our interest rate cap for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 ($ in thousands):
27


Amount of gain (loss)
recognized in income
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
Location of Gain Recognized in Income2022202120222021
Interest rate cap(1)
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate hedging instruments$3,443 $(111)$9,764 $246 
Total$3,443 $(111)$9,764 $246 
———————
(1)With a notional amount of $500.0 million at June 30, 2022 and 2021.

The following tables summarize the gross asset and liability amounts related to our derivatives at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Gross Amount of Recognized AssetsGross Amounts Offset in our Condensed Consolidated Balance SheetNet Amounts
of Assets
Presented in
our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
Gross Amount of Recognized AssetsGross
Amounts
Offset in our Condensed
 Consolidated Balance Sheet
Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
Forward currency contracts$144,296 $(15,761)$128,535 $28,781 $(13,441)$15,340 
Interest rate cap11,213  11,213 1,448  1,448 
Total derivative assets (liabilities)$155,509 $(15,761)$139,748 $30,229 $(13,441)$16,788 

Note 12 – Participations Sold
Participations sold represents the subordinate interests in loans we originated and subsequently partially sold. We account for participations sold as secured borrowings on our condensed consolidated balance sheet with both assets and non-recourse liabilities because the participations do not qualify as a sale under ASC 860, "Transfers and Servicing." The income earned on the participations sold is recorded as interest income and an identical amount is recorded as interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
In October 2020, we sold a $25.0 million interest, at par, in a mezzanine loan collateralized by a ground-up condominium development in New York City that we originated in December 2017. The participation interest sold accrued payment-in-kind interest, was accounted for as a secured borrowing on our condensed consolidated balance sheet, and was subordinate to our remaining mezzanine loan. The mezzanine loan was repaid at par in June 2021, and therefore, we de-recognized the related participating interest of $27.7 million, which included $2.7 million in payment-in-kind interest.
In December 2020, we sold a £6.7 million ($8.9 million assuming conversion into USD) interest, at par, in a first mortgage loan collateralized by an office building located in London, United Kingdom that was originated by us in December 2017. In connection with this sale, we transferred our remaining unfunded commitment of £19.1 million ($25.3 million assuming conversion into USD). The participation interest sold is subordinate to our remaining £70.7 million ($86.1 million assuming conversion into USD) first mortgage loan and is accounted for as a secured borrowing on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the participation sold on commercial mortgage loans balance decreased by $2.7 million due to unrealized loss on foreign currency translation.
The table below details participations sold included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Participation sold on commercial mortgage loans$24,356 $27,064 
Total participations sold$24,356 $27,064 
Note 13 – Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
The following table details the components of our accounts payable, accrued expense and other liabilities ($ in
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thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Collateral held under derivative agreements$138,800 $21,420 
Accrued dividends payable52,670 52,833 
Accrued interest payable21,386 16,166 
Accounts payable and other liabilities(1)
3,245 9,084 
General CECL Allowance on unfunded commitments(2)
3,999 3,106 
Total $220,100 $102,609 
  ———————
(1)Includes $7.2 million of accounts payable and other liabilities on the balance sheet of the real estate owned at December 31, 2021.
(2)Refer to "Note 4 - Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net" for additional disclosure related to the General CECL Allowance on unfunded commitments as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Note 14 – Related Party Transactions
Management Agreement
In connection with our initial public offering in September 2009, we entered into a management agreement (the "Management Agreement") with the Manager, which describes the services to be provided by the Manager and its compensation for those services. The Manager is responsible for managing our day-to-day operations, subject to the direction and oversight of our board of directors.
Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, the Manager is paid a base management fee equal to 1.5% per annum of our stockholders’ equity (as defined in the Management Agreement), calculated and payable (in cash) quarterly in arrears.
The term of the Management Agreement was automatically renewed for a successive one-year term on September 29, 2021, and will automatically renew on each anniversary thereafter. The Management Agreement may be terminated upon expiration of the one-year extension term only upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors, based upon (1) unsatisfactory performance by the Manager that is materially detrimental to ARI or (2) a determination that the management fee payable to the Manager is not fair, subject to the Manager’s right to prevent such a termination based on unfair fees by accepting a mutually acceptable reduction of management fees agreed to by at least two-thirds of our independent directors. The Manager must be provided with written notice of any such termination at least 180 days prior to the expiration of the then existing term and will be paid a termination fee equal to three times the sum of the average annual base management fee during the 24-month period immediately preceding the date of termination, calculated as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter prior to the date of termination. Following a meeting by our independent directors in February 2022, which included a discussion of the Manager’s performance and the level of the management fees thereunder, we determined not to seek termination of the Management Agreement.
We incurred approximately $9.6 million and $18.9 million in base management fees under the Management Agreement for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, as compared to $9.4 million and $18.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.
In addition to the base management fee, we are also responsible for reimbursing the Manager for certain expenses paid by the Manager on our behalf or for certain services provided by the Manager to us. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 we paid expenses totaling $1.3 million and $2.2 million, respectively, related to reimbursements for certain expenses paid by the Manager on our behalf under the Management Agreement as compared to $0.7 million and $1.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. Expenses incurred by the Manager and reimbursed by us are reflected in the respective condensed consolidated statement of operations expense category or our condensed consolidated balance sheet based on the nature of the item.
Included in payable to related party on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 is approximately $9.6 million and $9.8 million, respectively, for base management fees incurred but not yet paid under the Management Agreement.
Loans receivable
In June 2015, we originated a $20.0 million mezzanine loan secured by pledges of equity interests in the property
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recorded as real estate owned - held for sale on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2022. The mezzanine loan was subordinate to (i) a $110.0 million mortgage loan, originated by a third party, and (ii) a $24.5 million senior mezzanine loan, originated by an affiliate of the Manager. On May 24, 2021, we purchased the $24.5 million senior mezzanine loan at par from the affiliate and acquired legal title to the hotel through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. Refer to "Note 5 – Assets and Liabilities Related to Real Estate Owned, Held for Sale" for additional information.
We own three mezzanine loans, including Junior Mezzanine B Loan, that are secured by the same residential-for-sale property currently under construction in Manhattan, NY. During the third quarter of 2021, the Seller transferred its Junior Mezzanine B Loan position to the Company and in connection with this transfer, one of the property’s subordinate capital providers paid the Seller a price representing the Seller’s original principal balance on the Junior Mezzanine B Loan position with the Seller agreeing to forego its accrued interest on the Junior Mezzanine B Loan. Refer to "Note 4 - Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net" for additional information.
Term Loan
In March 2021, Apollo Global Funding, LLC, an affiliate of the Manager, served as one of the eight arrangers for the issuance of our 2028 Term Loan and received $0.2 million of arrangement fees. In addition, funds managed by an affiliate of the Manager invested in $30.0 million of the 2028 Term Loan.
Senior Secured Notes
In June 2021, Apollo Global Securities, LLC, an affiliate of the Manager, served as one of the eight initial purchasers in the issuance of our 2029 Notes and received $0.4 million of initial purchasers' discounts and commissions.
Italian Direct Lending Structure
In the fourth quarter of 2021, we formed an Italian closed-end alternative investment fund (the "AIF"), managed by Apollo Investment Management Europe (Luxembourg) S.A R.L, a regulated alternative investment fund manager (the "AIFM"), an affiliate of the Manager. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the AIF incurred $46,000 in fees payable to the AIFM, which is recorded in payable to related party on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Note 15 – Share-Based Payments
On September 23, 2009, our board of directors approved the Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. 2009 Equity Incentive Plan ("2009 LTIP") and on April 16, 2019, our board of directors approved the Amended and Restated Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan ("2019 LTIP," and together with the 2009 LTIP, the "LTIPs"), which amended and restated the 2009 LTIP. Following the approval of the 2019 LTIP by our stockholders at our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders on June 12, 2019, no additional awards have been or will be granted under the 2009 LTIP and all outstanding awards granted under the 2009 LTIP remain in effect in accordance with the terms in the 2009 LTIP.
The 2019 LTIP provides for grants of restricted common stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs") and other equity-based awards up to an aggregate of 7,000,000 shares of our common stock. The LTIPs are administered by the compensation committee of our board of directors (the "Compensation Committee") and all grants under the LTIPs must be approved by the Compensation Committee.
We recognized stock-based compensation expense of $4.5 million and $9.2 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. We recognized stock-based compensation expense of $4.4 million and $8.7 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 respectively, related to restricted stock and RSU vesting.
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The following table summarizes the grants, vesting and forfeitures of restricted common stock and RSUs during the six months ended June 30, 2022:
TypeRestricted StockRSUsGrant Date Fair Value ($ in millions)
Outstanding at December 31, 202145,185 2,597,941 
Granted49,434 7,082 $0.8 
Vested(35,185)(23,089)N/A
Forfeiture (12,524)N/A
Outstanding at June 30, 202259,434 2,569,410 

Below is a summary of restricted stock and RSU vesting dates as of June 30, 2022
Vesting YearRestricted StockRSUTotal Awards
20223,332 1,237,368 1,240,700 
202352,768 886,145 938,913 
20243,334 443,536 446,870 
2025 2,361 2,361 
Total59,434 2,569,410 2,628,844 

At June 30, 2022, we had unrecognized compensation expense of approximately $0.8 million and $29.7 million related to the vesting of restricted stock awards and RSUs, respectively, noted in the table above.
RSU Deliveries
During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 we delivered 647,349 and 553,008 shares of common stock for 1,136,525 and 953,397 vested RSUs, respectively. We allow RSU participants to settle their tax liabilities with a reduction of their share delivery from the originally granted and vested RSUs. The amount, when agreed to by the participant, results in a cash payment to the Manager related to this tax liability and a corresponding adjustment to additional paid in capital on our condensed consolidated statement of changes in stockholders' equity. The adjustment was $7.0 million and $4.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 respectively. The adjustment is a reduction of capital related to our equity incentive plan and is presented net of increases of capital related to our equity incentive plan in our condensed consolidated statement of changes in stockholders' equity.
Note 16 – Stockholders’ Equity
Our authorized capital stock consists of 450,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. As of June 30, 2022, 140,590,843 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding, and 6,770,393 shares of 7.25% Series B-1 Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.

Dividends. The following table details our dividend activity:
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
Dividends declared per share of:2022202120222021
Common Stock$0.35$0.35$0.70$0.70
Series B Preferred StockN/A0.50N/A1.00
Series B-1 Preferred Stock0.45N/A0.90N/A
On July 15, 2021, we exchanged all 6,770,393 shares outstanding of our 8.00% Fixed-to-Floating Series B Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share ("Series B Preferred Stock"), with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, for 6,770,393 shares of 7.25% Series B-1 Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share ("Series B-1 Preferred Stock"), with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, pursuant to an exchange agreement with the two existing holders of the Series B Preferred Stock.
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Note 17 – Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings. From time to time, we may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. On June 28, 2018, AmBase Corporation, 111 West 57th Street Manager Funding LLC and 111 West 57th Investment LLC commenced a now-dismissed action captioned AmBase Corporation et al v. ACREFI Mortgage Lending, LLC et al (No 653251/2018) in New York Supreme Court (the "Apollo Action"). The complaint named as defendants (i) a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company ("Subsidiary"), (ii) the Company, and (iii) certain funds managed by Apollo, who were co-lenders on a mezzanine loan against the development of a residential condominium building in Manhattan, New York. The plaintiffs alleged that the defendants tortiously interfered with the plaintiffs’ joint venture agreement with the developers of the project, and that the defendants aided and abetted breaches of fiduciary duty by the developers of the project. The plaintiffs alleged the loss of a $70.0 million investment plus punitive damages. The defendants' motion to dismiss was granted on October 23, 2019 and the Court entered judgment dismissing the complaint in its entirety on November 8, 2019. Plaintiffs appealed, the parties fully briefed the appeal, and then Plaintiffs dropped the appeal, and the case remains dismissed.
Plaintiffs amended the complaint in a separate action in 2021, 111 West 57th Investment LLC v. 111W57 Mezz Investor LLC (No. 655031/2017) also in New York Supreme Court (the "April 2021 Action") to name Apollo Global Management, Inc., the Subsidiary, the Company, and certain funds managed by Apollo as defendants. The April 2021 Action concerns overlapping claims and the same condominium development project that the Apollo Action concerned. We believe the claims in this action are without merit, including as barred by the dismissal of the Apollo Action. The defendants filed a motion to dismiss, which currently is pending. Because this action is in the early stages, no reasonable estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
Loan Commitments. As described in "Note 4 - Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net" at June 30, 2022, we had $1.7 billion of unfunded commitments related to our commercial mortgage and subordinate loans. The timings and amounts of fundings are uncertain as these commitments relate to loans for construction costs, capital expenditures, leasing costs, interest and carry costs, among others. As such, the timings and amounts of future fundings depend on the progress and performance of the underlying assets of our loans. Certain of our lenders are contractually obligated to fund their ratable portion of these loan commitments over time, while other lenders have some degree of discretion over future loan funding obligations. The total unfunded commitment is expected to be funded over the remaining 3.8 years weighted average tenor of these loans.
COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought forth uncertainty and disruption to the global economy. The magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our borrowers and their tenants, cash flows and future results of operations could be significant and will largely depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 and its new variants, the success of actions taken to contain or treat the pandemic, including vaccination and other treatments, disparities in vaccination rates and vaccine hesitancy, and reactions by consumers, companies, governmental entities and capital markets. The prolonged duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the continued impact and uncertainty resulting from COVID-19 variants, could materially disrupt our business operations and impact our financial performance.
As of June 30, 2022, we have not recorded any contingencies on our condensed consolidated balance sheet related to COVID-19. To the extent COVID-19 continues to cause dislocations in the global economy, our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows may continue to be adversely impacted. Refer to "Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for further discussion regarding COVID-19.
Note 18 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments not carried at fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ($ in thousands):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
 Carrying
Value
Estimated
Fair Value
Carrying
Value
Estimated
Fair Value
Cash and cash equivalents$241,619 $241,619 $343,106 $343,106 
Commercial mortgage loans, net8,176,149 8,136,674 7,012,312 6,945,038 
Subordinate loans and other lending assets, net(1)
753,711 748,812 844,948 725,906 
Subordinate loan held-for-sale7,500 7,500   
Secured debt arrangements, net(5,183,837)(5,183,837)(4,150,268)(4,150,268)
Senior secured term loans, net(766,159)(743,198)(768,325)(782,995)
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Senior secured notes, net(494,445)(374,200)(494,051)(489,175)
2022 Notes(344,899)(344,600)(343,117)(347,552)
2023 Notes(228,991)(231,150)(226,862)(231,150)
Participations sold(24,356)(24,596)(27,064)(27,064)
———————
(1)Includes subordinate risk retention interests in securitization vehicles with an estimated fair value that approximates their carrying value.
To determine estimated fair values of the financial instruments listed above, market rates of interest, which include credit assumptions, are used to discount contractual cash flows. The estimated fair values are not necessarily indicative of the amount we could realize on disposition of the financial instruments. The use of different market assumptions or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. Estimates of fair value for cash and cash equivalents, convertible senior notes, net, secured debt arrangements net and senior secured term loan, net are measured using observable Level I inputs as defined in "Note 3 - Fair Value Disclosure." Estimates of fair value for all other financial instruments in the table above are measured using significant estimates, or unobservable Level III inputs as defined in "Note 3 - Fair Value Disclosure."
Note 19 – Net Income per Share
ASC 260, "Earnings per share" requires the use of the two-class method of computing earnings per share for all periods presented for each class of common stock and participating security as if all earnings for the period had been distributed. Under the two-class method, during periods of net income, the net income is first reduced for dividends declared on all classes of securities to arrive at undistributed earnings. During periods of net losses, the net loss is reduced for dividends declared on participating securities only if the security has the right to participate in the earnings of the entity and an objectively determinable contractual obligation to share in net losses of the entity.
The remaining earnings are allocated to common stockholders and participating securities to the extent that each security shares in earnings as if all of the earnings for the period had been distributed. Each total is then divided by the applicable number of shares to arrive at basic earnings per share. For the diluted earnings, the denominator includes all outstanding shares of common stock and all potential shares of common stock assumed issued if they are dilutive. The numerator is adjusted for any changes in income or loss that would result from the assumed conversion of these potential shares of common stock.
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The table below presents the computation of basic and diluted net income per share of common stock for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 ($ in thousands except per share data): 
Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2022202120222021
Basic Earnings
Net income$70,951 $67,691 $86,189 $126,026 
Less: Preferred dividends(3,068)(3,385)(6,136)(6,770)
Net income available to common stockholders$67,883 $64,306 $80,053 $119,256 
Less: Dividends on participating securities(901)(849)(1,800)(1,697)
Basic Earnings$66,982 $63,457 $78,253 $117,559 
Diluted Earnings
Basic Earnings$66,982 $63,457 $78,253 $117,559 
Add: Dividends on participating securities901 849  1,697 
Add: Interest expense on Convertible Notes7,464 8,261 14,924 16,506 
Diluted Earnings$75,347 $72,567 $93,177 $135,762 
Number of Shares:
Basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding140,590,843 139,884,060 140,472,771 139,845,178 
Diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding171,698,185 170,832,186 169,006,042 170,812,544 
Earnings Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
Basic$0.48 $0.45 $0.56 $0.84 
Diluted$0.44 $0.42 $0.55 $0.79 
The dilutive effect to earnings per share is determined using the "if-converted" method whereby interest expense on the outstanding Convertible Notes is added back to the diluted earnings per share numerator and all of the potentially dilutive shares are included in the diluted earnings per share denominator. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 28,533,271 weighted-average potentially issuable shares with respect to the Convertible Notes were included in the dilutive earnings per share denominator. Refer to "Note 10 - Convertible Senior Notes, Net" for further discussion.
For the three months ended June 30, 2022, 2,574,071 weighted-average unvested RSUs were included in the calculation of diluted net income per share because the effect was dilutive. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, 2,738,424 weighted-average unvested RSUs were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share because the effect was anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, 2,414,855 and 2,434,095 weighted-average unvested RSUs were included in the dilutive earnings per share denominator, respectively.
Note 20 – Subsequent Events
Subsequent to the quarter ended June 30, 2022, the following events took place:
Investment activity: We funded approximately $58.1 million for previously closed loans.
Loan Repayments: We received approximately $62.0 million from loan repayments, including the $50.3 million full repayment of a loan secured by a multifamily property in Cleveland, Ohio and the $9.2 million full repayment of a loan secured by a residential-for-sale property located in New York City.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
We make forward-looking statements herein and will make forward-looking statements in future filings with the
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Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), press releases or other written or oral communications within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). For these statements, we claim the protections of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in such Sections. Forward-looking statements are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond our control. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. When we use the words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "plan," "continue," "intend," "should," "may" or similar expressions, it intends to identify forward-looking statements. Statements regarding the following subjects, among others, may be forward-looking: the macro- and micro-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; the severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the emergence and spread of COVID-19 variants; actions taken by governmental authorities to contain the COVID-19 pandemic or treat its impact; the efficacy of the vaccines or other remedies and the speed of their distribution and administration; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources; market trends in our industry, interest rates, real estate values, the debt securities markets or the general economy; the demand for commercial real estate loans; our business and investment strategy; our operating results; actions and initiatives of the U.S. government and governments outside of the United States, changes to government policies and the execution and impact of these actions, initiatives and policies; the state of the economy generally or in specific geographic regions; economic trends and economic recoveries; our ability to obtain and maintain financing arrangements, including secured debt arrangements and securitizations; the timing and amount of expected future fundings of unfunded commitments; the availability of debt financing from traditional lenders; the volume of short-term loan extensions; the demand for new capital to replace maturing loans; expected leverage; general volatility of the securities markets in which we participate; changes in the value of our assets; the scope of our target assets; interest rate mismatches between our target assets and any borrowings used to fund such assets; changes in interest rates and the market value of our target assets; changes in prepayment rates on our target assets; effects of hedging instruments on our target assets; rates of default or decreased recovery rates on our target assets; the degree to which hedging strategies may or may not protect us from interest rate volatility; impact of and changes in governmental regulations, tax law and rates, accounting, legal or regulatory issues or guidance and similar matters; our continued maintenance of our qualification as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for U.S. federal income tax purposes; our continued exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"); the availability of opportunities to acquire commercial mortgage-related, real estate-related and other securities; the availability of qualified personnel; estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the future; our present and potential future competition; and unexpected costs or unexpected liabilities, including those related to litigation.
The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking into account all information currently available to us. Forward-looking statements are not predictions of future events. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us. Refer to "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report. These and other risks, uncertainties and factors, including those described in the annual, quarterly and current reports that we file with the SEC, could cause our actual results to differ materially from those included in any forward-looking statements we make. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. New risks and uncertainties arise over time and it is not possible to predict those events or how they may affect us. Except as required by law, we are not obligated to, and do not intend to, update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Overview
We are a Maryland corporation and have elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We primarily originate, acquire, invest in and manage performing commercial first mortgage loans, subordinate financings, and other commercial real estate-related debt investments. These asset classes are referred to as our target assets.
We are externally managed and advised by the Manager, an indirect subsidiary of Apollo, a global, high-growth alternative asset manager with assets under management of approximately $512.8 billion as of March 31, 2022.
The Manager is led by an experienced team of senior real estate professionals who have significant expertise in underwriting and structuring commercial real estate financing transactions. We benefit from Apollo’s global infrastructure and operating platform, through which we are able to source, evaluate and manage potential investments in our target assets.
Current Market Conditions

During the first quarter of 2020, there was a global outbreak of COVID-19, which was declared by the World Health Organization as a pandemic. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted global economic activity and has contributed to significant volatility in financial markets. Although more normalized activities have resumed, we are not in a position to estimate the ultimate impact COVID-19 and its variants will have on our business and the economy as a whole. We
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cannot predict the potential impact related to both known and unknown risks, including the rise of new variants that may occur, the severity of such new variants, disparities in vaccination rates and vaccine hesitancy, the ultimate duration of the pandemic, and additional actions that may be taken by governmental authorities. The effects of COVID-19 have adversely impacted the value of our assets, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, and our ability to operate successfully. Some of the factors that impacted us to date and may continue to affect us are outlined in Item 1A. "Risk Factors." Refer to "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below for additional discussion surrounding the ongoing impact we expect COVID-19 will have on our liquidity and capital resources
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

A summary of our critical accounting policies is set forth in our Annual Report under "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates."
Real Estate Owned (and Related Debt)
From time to time we may obtain legal title to the collateral from our loans due to non-performance. This acquisition of real estate is accounted for using the acquisition method under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 805, "Business Combinations." We recognize and measure identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree, if applicable, based on their relative fair values. Once real estate assets have been recorded at fair value they are evaluated for impairment on a quarterly basis. Please refer to "Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," "Note 3 – Fair Value Disclosure," and "Note 5 – Assets and Liabilities Related to Real Estate Owned, Held for Sale” for more information regarding real estate owned and our valuation methodology.
Real estate assets acquired may include land, building, furniture, fixtures and equipment ("FF&E"), and intangible assets. The fair value of land is determined by utilizing the market or sales comparison approach, which compares the property to similar properties in the marketplace. Although we exercise significant judgment to identify similar properties, and may also consult independent third-party valuation experts to assist, our assessment of fair value is subject to uncertainty and sensitive to our selection of comparable properties.
We estimate the fair value of any building and FF&E by the cost approach which measures fair value as the replacement cost of these assets. This approach also requires significant judgment, and our estimate of replacement cost could vary from actual replacements costs.

Once real estate assets have been recorded at fair value, they are evaluated for impairment on a quarterly basis. We consider the following factors when performing our impairment analysis: (i) Management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the asset; (ii) significant negative industry and economic outlook or trends; (iii) expected material costs necessary to extend the life or operate the real estate asset; and (iv) our ability to hold and dispose of the real estate asset in the ordinary course of business. A real estate asset is considered impaired when the sum of estimated future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the real estate asset over the estimated remaining holding period is less than the carrying value of such real estate asset. An impairment charge is recorded equal to the excess of the carrying value of the real estate asset over the fair value. When determining the fair value of a real estate asset for the purpose of assessing impairment, we make certain assumptions including, but not limited to: consideration of projected operating cash flows, intended holding period of the real estate, comparable selling prices and projected cash flows from the eventual disposition of the real estate based upon our estimate of a capitalization rate and discount rate. While we exercise significant judgment in generating our assumptions, the asset’s fair value is subject to uncertainty, as actual operating cash flows and disposition proceeds could differ from those assumed in our valuations. Additionally, the output is sensitive to the assumptions used in calculating any potential impairment.
From time to time, real estate assets are classified as held for sale in the period in which the six criteria under ASC Topic 360, "Property, Plant, and Equipment" are met: (1) we commit to a plan and have the authority to sell the asset; (2) the asset is available for sale in its current condition; (3) we have initiated an active marketing plan to locate a buyer for the asset; (4) the sale of the asset is both probable and expected to qualify for full sales recognition within a period of 12 months; (5) the asset is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reflective of its current fair value; and (6) we do not anticipate changes to our plans to sell the asset. Once a real estate asset is classified as held for sale, depreciation is no longer recorded, and the asset is reported at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less cost to sell.

We determine the fair value of the real estate asset classified as held for sale using valuation methodologies appropriate to what is included within the disposal group, such as the market or sales comparison approach for land and the cost approach for any building and FF&E. Although we exercise significant judgment in generating the assumptions employed in these methodologies, ultimately, the real estate asset’s fair value is subject to uncertainty, as the actual sales price of the real estate asset could differ from those assumed in our valuations. Further, if it is determined that the asset should be reported at its carrying value, the actual sales price of the real estate asset could also differ from this amount.
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Current Expected Credit Losses ("CECL")

We measure and record potential expected credit losses related to our loan portfolio in accordance with the CECL Standard. The CECL Standard requires an entity to consider historical loss experience, current conditions, and a reasonable and supportable forecast of the macroeconomic environment. The FASB recognizes the WARM method as an acceptable approach for computing current expected credit losses. We have adopted the WARM method to determine the General CECL Allowance for the majority of loans in our portfolio, applied on a collective basis by assets with similar risk characteristics. If we determine that a borrower or sponsor is experiencing financial difficulty, we will record loan-specific allowances (our Specific CECL Allowance). Refer to “Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Note 4 Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net” for further discussion regarding CECL.
General CECL Allowance
There are various significant assumptions required to estimate our General CECL Allowance which include deriving and applying an annual historical loss rate, forecasting and analyzing the impacts of macroeconomic conditions and the timing of expected repayments, satisfactions and future fundings.
We derive an annual historical loss rate based on a CMBS database with historical losses from 1998 through the second quarter of 2022 provided by a third party, Trepp LLC. We apply various filters to arrive at a CMBS dataset most analogous to our current portfolio from which to determine an appropriate historical loss rate. Selecting these filters requires the use of significant judgment. The historical loss rate, and ultimately General CECL Allowance we calculated, is sensitive to the CMBS dataset that we select.
We adjust our determined annual historical loss rate based on our outlook of the macroeconomic environment, for a reasonable and supportable forecast period—which we have determined to be one year. We determine our expectations for the macroeconomic environment by analyzing various market factors and assess the potential impact on our portfolio. This assessment requires the use of significant judgment in selecting relevant market factors and our expectations of the future macroeconomic environment. The future macroeconomic environment is subject to uncertainty as the actual future macroeconomic environment could vary from our expectations, which will impact our General CECL Allowance.
Additionally, there are assumptions provided to us by the Manager that represent their best estimate as to expected loan maturity dates, future fundings, and timing of loan repayments. These assumptions, although made with the most available information at the time of the estimate, are subjective and actual activity may not follow the estimated schedule. These assumptions impact the future balances that the loss rate will be applied to and as such impact our General CECL Allowance. As we acquire new loans and the Manager monitors loan and sponsor performance, these estimates may change each period.
Specific CECL Allowance
When we determine that a borrower or sponsor is experiencing financial difficulty, we evaluate the related loan for loan-specific allowances, under the practical expedient per the guidance. Determining that a borrower or sponsor is experiencing financial difficulty requires the use of significant judgment and can be based on several factors subject to uncertainty. These factors can include, but are not limited to, whether cash from the borrower's operations are sufficient to cover current and future debt service requirements, the borrower’s ability to potentially refinance the loan, and other circumstances that can affect the borrower’s ability to satisfy their obligations in accordance the terms of the loan. When utilizing the practical expedient for collateral dependent loans, the loan loss provision is determined as the difference between the fair value of the underlying collateral, adjusted for estimated costs to sell when applicable, and the carrying value of the loan (prior to the loan loss provision), as repayment or satisfaction of a loan is dependent on a sale of the underlying collateral. Collateral-dependent loans evaluated for a Specific CECL Allowance are removed from the General CECL pool.
The fair value of the underlying collateral is determined by using method(s) such as discounted cash flow, the market approach, or direct capitalization approach. These methods require the use of key unobservable inputs, which are inherently uncertain and subjective. Our estimate of fair value is sensitive to both the valuation methodology selected and inputs used. Determining a suitable valuation method and selecting the appropriate key unobservable inputs and assumptions requires significant judgment and consideration of factors specific to the underlying collateral being assessed. Additionally, the key unobservable inputs and assumptions used may vary depending on the information available to us and market conditions as of the valuation date. As such, the fair value that we derive and use in calculating our Specific CECL Allowance, is subject to uncertainty and any actual losses, if incurred, could differ materially from our provision.
Refer to "Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to our consolidated financial statements of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K for the complete listing and description of our significant accounting policies.
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Results of Operations
All non-USD denominated assets and liabilities are translated to USD at the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date and income, expenses, gains, and losses are translated at the prevailing exchange rate on the dates that they were recorded.
Loan Portfolio Overview
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our loan portfolio as of June 30, 2022 ($ in thousands):
DescriptionCarrying Value
Weighted-Average Coupon (1)
Weighted Average All-in Yield (1)(2)
Secured Debt Arrangements (3)
Cost of Funds(4)
Equity at
carrying value
(5)
Commercial mortgage loans, net$8,176,149 4.5 %4.9 %$5,193,861 2.9 %$2,982,288 
Subordinate loans and other lending assets, net753,711 6.8 %7.2 %— — 753,711 
Subordinate loan, held for sale7,500 11.0 %11.7 %— — 7,500 
Total/Weighted-Average$8,937,360 4.7 %5.1 %$5,193,861 2.9 %$3,743,499 
———————    
(1)    Weighted-Average Coupon and Weighted-Average All-in Yield are based on the applicable benchmark rates as of June 30, 2022 on the floating rate loans.
(2)     Weighted-Average All-in Yield includes the amortization of deferred origination fees, loan origination costs and accrual of both extension and exit fees. Weighted-Average All-in Yield excludes the benefit of forward points on currency hedges relating to loans denominated in currencies other than USD.
(3)    Gross of deferred financing costs of $10.0 million.
(4)    Cost of funds includes weighted average spread and applicable benchmark rates as of June 30, 2022 on secured debt arrangements.
(5)    Represents loan portfolio at carrying value less secured debt outstanding.
The following table provides details of our commercial mortgage loan portfolio and subordinate loan and other lending assets portfolio, on a loan-by-loan basis, as of June 30, 2022 ($ in millions):
Commercial Mortgage Loan Portfolio
#Property TypeRisk RatingOrigination DateAmortized Cost Unfunded Commitment Construction
Loan
3rd Party Subordinate DebtFully-extended MaturityLocation
1Hotel310/2019$318$38Y08/2024Various, Spain
2Hotel311/202120423Y11/2026Various, UK/Ireland
3Hotel305/202217825Y06/2027Napa Valley, CA
4Hotel304/201815204/2023Honolulu, HI
5Hotel309/201514606/2024Manhattan, NY
6Hotel307/20211403908/2026Various, US
7Hotel308/201912508/2024Puglia, Italy
8
Hotel(3)
503/20179910/2022Atlanta, GA
9Hotel310/20219911/2026New Orleans, LA
10Hotel311/20219766Y12/2026St. Thomas, USVI
11Hotel311/20189012/2023Vail, CO
12Hotel312/20196001/2025Tucson, AZ
13Hotel305/2021592Y06/2026Fort Lauderdale, FL
14Hotel305/20195206/2024Chicago, IL
15Hotel312/20154308/2024St. Thomas, USVI
16Hotel310/2021414310/2026Lake Como, Italy
17Hotel302/20182711/2024Pittsburgh, PA
18Hotel312/2021223006/2025Dublin, Ireland
19Office301/202022267Y02/2025Long Island City, NY
20Office303/202220956Y04/2027Manhattan, NY
21Office302/202020502/2025London, UK
22Office306/20191951408/2026Berlin, Germany
23Office302/202215406/2025Milan, Italy
24Office311/201712501/2023Chicago, IL
25Office302/2022119439Y02/2027London, UK
26
Office(1)
312/2017110Y07/2022London, UK
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27Office306/202210806/2025Rome, Italy
28Office303/201886Y10/2022Chicago, IL
29Office311/20212452Y11/2025Milan, Italy
30Retail center304/20224543704/2027United Kingdom
31Retail center310/202139410/2026Various, UK
32Retail center305/202217306/2027Various, US
33
Retail center(3)
511/201410409/2023Cincinnati, OH
34Healthcare303/202237403/2027Various, MA
35Healthcare310/201919610/2024Various, UK
36Residential-for-rent312/20212131612/2026Various, UK
37Residential-for-rent305/202289406/2027Manhattan, NY
38Residential-for-rent305/202182Y05/2026Cleveland, OH
39Residential-for-rent304/20146007/2023Various
40Residential-for-rent311/20145006/2023Various, US
41Residential-for-rent302/20205007/2022Cleveland, OH
42Mixed Use312/2019237518YY06/2025London, UK
43Mixed Use303/202213442Y03/2027Brooklyn, NY
44Mixed Use306/20224977YY06/2026London, UK
45Mixed Use312/20194309/2023London, UK
46Residential-for-sale: inventory312/20211303901/2027Manhattan, NY
47Residential-for-sale: inventory312/201812752Y12/2023Manhattan, NY
48Residential-for-sale: inventory312/2019667Y11/2025Boston, MA
49Residential-for-sale: inventory312/202140Y01/2026Hallandale Beach, FL
50Residential-for-sale: inventory301/20189Y01/2023Manhattan, NY
51Urban Retail308/2019318Y09/2024Manhattan, NY
52Parking Garages305/2021270505/2026Various, US
53Industrial303/202125105/2026Various, Sweden
54
Portfolio(2)
306/20212312106/2026Various, Germany
55Multifamily development403/2017220Y07/2022Brooklyn, NY
56Caravan Parks302/202119902/2028Various, UK
57
Urban Predevelopment(3)
501/201612309/2023Miami, FL
General CECL Allowance(19)
Subtotal / Weighted-Average Commercial Mortgage Loans3.1$8,176$1,7123.2 Years

Subordinate Loan and Other Lending Assets Portfolio
#Property TypeRisk RatingOrigination DateAmortized CostUnfunded CommitmentConstruction Loan3rd Party Subordinate DebtFully-extended MaturityLocation
1
Residential-for-sale: inventory(4)
306/2015$247$—Y07/2022Manhattan, NY
2
Residential-for-sale: inventory(4)
305/2020214Y07/2022Manhattan, NY
3
Residential-for-sale: inventory(3)(4)
511/201752Y07/2022Manhattan, NY
4Office301/201910012/2025Manhattan, NY
5
Healthcare(5)
307/201951Y06/2024Various, US
6Hotel306/20152407/2025Phoenix, AZ
7Hotel306/20182006/2023Las Vegas, NV
8Industrial205/20133205/2023Various, US
9Mixed Use302/20191708/2022London, UK
General CECL Allowance(4)
Subtotal / Weighted-Average Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets 3.1$753$—0.8 Years
Subordinate Loan Held For Sale
10Office308/2017$8$—09/2024Troy, MI
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Subtotal / Weighted-Average Subordinate Loans Held For Sale3.0$8$—2.2 Years
Total / Weighted-Average
Loan Portfolio
3.1$8,937$1,7123.1 Years
———————
(1)Includes $24.4 million of a subordinate participation sold accounted for as secured borrowing.
(2)Includes portfolio of office, industrial, and retail property types.
(3)Amortized cost for these loans is net of the recorded Specific CECL Allowance.
(4)Loans are secured by the same property.
(5)Single Asset, Single Borrower CMBS.


Our average asset and debt balances for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were ($ in thousands):
Average month-end balances for the six months ended June 30, 2022
DescriptionAssets Related debt
Commercial mortgage loans, net$7,815,239 $4,760,910 
Subordinate loans and other lending assets, net796,836 — 
Subordinate loans, held for sale7,500 — 
Portfolio Management
Due to the impact of COVID-19, some of our borrowers have experienced challenges which have prevented the execution of their business plans and in some cases, resulted in temporary closures. As a result, we have worked with borrowers to execute loan modifications which are typically coupled with additional equity contributions from borrowers. Loan modifications to date have included repurposing of reserves, temporary deferrals of interest or principal, and partial deferral of coupon interest as payment-in-kind interest.     
Investment Activity
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we committed $3.1 billion of capital to loans ($2.3 billion was funded at closing). In addition, during the six months ended June 30, 2022, we received $1.2 billion in repayments and funded $0.3 billion for commitments closed prior to 2022.
Net Income Available to Common Stockholders
For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, our net income available to common stockholders was $80.1 million, or $0.55 per diluted share of common stock, and $119.3 million, or $0.79 per diluted share of common stock,
respectively.
Operating Results
The following table sets forth information regarding our condensed consolidated results of operations and certain key operating metrics compared to both the same period in the previous year and the most recently reported period ($ in thousands):
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Three months endedQ2'22 vs. Q1'22
June 30, 2022March 31, 2022
Net interest income:
Interest income from commercial mortgage loans$99,386 $84,424 $14,962 
Interest income from subordinate loans and other lending assets 14,530 15,835 (1,305)
Interest expense(56,529)(45,118)(11,411)
Net interest income57,387 55,141 2,246 
Operations related to real estate owned:
Revenue from real estate owned operations18,630 9,040 9,590 
Operating expenses related to real estate owned(13,134)(9,652)(3,482)
Depreciation and amortization on real estate owned— (704)704 
Net income (loss) related to real estate owned5,496 (1,316)6,812 
Operating expenses:
General and administrative expenses (7,130)(7,187)57 
Management fees to related party(9,632)(9,354)(278)
Total operating expenses(16,762)(16,541)(221)
Other income68 — 68 
Reversal of (provision for) loan losses - Specific CECL Allowance, net3,000 (30,000)33,000 
Reversal of (provision for) loan losses - General CECL Allowance, net(2,056)11,389 (13,445)
Gain on foreign currency forward contracts105,213 22,762 82,451 
Foreign currency translation loss(84,838)(32,518)(52,320)
Gain on interest rate hedging instruments3,443 6,321 (2,878)
Net income$70,951$15,238$55,713

Net Interest Income
Net interest income increased by $2.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to i) an increase in weighted average outstanding principal of our loans and other lending assets by $1.1 billion for three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, and ii) higher average index rates in the current period: average U.S. LIBOR increased by 0.77% and average Daily SONIA increased by 0.49% from the three months ended March 31, 2022 to three months ended June 30, 2022. This was offset by one of our commercial mortgage loans being put on non-accrual during the three months ended June 30, 2022 as well an increase in interest expense on our debt facilities due to i) higher average index rates, as noted above, and ii) an increase in the weighted average balance of our outstanding debt facilities by $0.9 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to three months ended March 31, 2022.
Operations Related to Real Estate Owned
In 2017, we originated a $20.0 million junior mezzanine loan which was subordinate to: (i) a $110.0 million mortgage loan, and (ii) a $24.5 million senior mezzanine loan, secured by a full-service luxury hotel in Washington, D.C. On May 24, 2021, we acquired legal title to the hotel through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure and the criteria for held-for-sale classification in ASC Topic 360, "Property, Plant, and Equipment" were not met. The assets and liabilities related to the hotel were assumed at their estimated fair value at acquisition and presented net of accumulated depreciation and impairment charges. As of March 1, 2022, the related assets and liabilities were transferred to assets and liabilities related to real estate owned, held for sale, as due to our marketing efforts on the property, as well as other developments, it now met the criteria for held for sale. Results of operations from the hotel are comprised of operating revenue, expenses and real estate asset depreciation. As of March 1, 2022, we ceased recording depreciation on the building and FF&E on the condensed consolidated statement of operations as the property was transferred to held for sale at such date.
The hotel operations generated $5.5 million of net income during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to a net loss of $1.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The improvements in net income from hotel operations primarily relates to the increased hotel occupancy as the area recovered from COVID-19 surges that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2022. Additionally, there were two months of depreciation expense, amounting to approximately $0.7 million, recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to none during the three months ended June 30, 2022 as the property was transferred to held for sale as of March 1, 2022.
Refer to "Note 5 - Assets and Liabilities Related to Real Estate Owned, Held for Sale" for more information related to our
41


impairment and realized losses on real estate owned.
Operating Expenses
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses remained generally the same for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Management fees to related party
Management fee expense remained generally the same for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Other income
Other income remained generally the same for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Reversals of (provision for) loan losses - Specific CECL Allowance, net
Our Specific CECL Allowance decreased by $3.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022. We reversed $10.0 million of previously recorded allowance on a loan related to a multifamily development in Brooklyn, NY, due to market rent growth and value created from development activities, which was partially offset by a $7.0 million allowance on a loan secured by a hotel in Atlanta, GA resulting from the hotel having a slower than expected recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we recorded a $30.0 million of Specific CECL Allowance on a subordinate loan secured by an ultra luxury residential-for-sale property in Manhattan, NY, as sales velocity lagged behind the borrower's business plan and management's expectations.
Refer to "Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" and "Note 4 - Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net" for additional information related to our Specific CECL Allowance.
Reversal of (provision for) loan losses - General CECL Allowance, net
Our General CECL Allowance increased by $2.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 as a result of new loan originations and a more adverse macroeconomic outlook, which was partially offset by the seasoning of our portfolio. The General CECL Allowance decreased by $11.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2021 primarily due to changes to expected loan repayment dates as well as portfolio seasoning. The decrease during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was partially offset by new loan originations.
Refer to "Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" and "Note 4 - Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net" for additional information related to our General CECL Allowance.
Foreign currency gain (loss) and gain (loss) on derivative instruments
We use forward currency contracts to economically hedge interest and principal payments due under our loans denominated in currencies other than USD. When gains and losses on foreign currency translation and derivative instruments are evaluated on a combined basis, the net impact for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022 was $20.4 million gain and $9.8 million loss, respectively.
The increase from the previous quarter represents a timing difference between the valuation on the foreign currency forward contracts, which are valued using spot rates, forward point estimates, and discount factors, and the foreign currency translation calculation which uses only spot rates. Additionally, as rates fell significantly during the quarter our unrealized gain from derivative instruments, including derivative instruments related to our future expected interest cash flow, increased. As derivative instruments related to our future expected interest cash flow have no offset in foreign currency gain (loss) they are accounting for some of the variance noted above.
Gain on interest rate hedges
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During the second quarter of 2020, we entered into a three-year interest rate cap to cap LIBOR at 0.75%. During the three months ended June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, the interest rate cap had an unrealized gain of $3.4 million and $6.3 million, respectively, as a result of the current interest rate forward curve, which is partially offset by the nearing maturity of the cap.

Subsequent Events
Refer to "Note 20 - Subsequent Events" to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for disclosure regarding significant transactions that occurred subsequent to June 30, 2022.
Contractual Obligations, Liquidity, and Capital Resources
Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to fund and maintain our assets and operations, repay borrowings, make distributions to our stockholders and other general business needs. We utilize various sources of cash in order to meet our liquidity needs in the next twelve months, which is considered the short-term, and the longer term.
Our current debt obligations consist of $1.9 billion of corporate debt at face value and $5.2 billion of asset financings. Our corporate debt includes: (i) $781.3 million of term loan borrowings, (ii) $500.0 million of senior secured notes, and (iii) $575.0 million of convertible notes, of which $345.0 million mature in August 2022. Our asset specific financings are generally tied to the underlying loans and we anticipate repayments of $725.0 million of secured debt arrangements in the short term. Specifics about our secured debt arrangements and corporate debt maturities and obligations are discussed below.
In addition to our debt obligations, as of June 30, 2022, we had $1.7 billion of unfunded loan commitments. We expect that approximately $930.8 million will be funded to existing borrowers in the short term.
We have various sources of liquidity that we are able to use to satisfy our short and long term obligations. As of June 30, 2022, we had $241.6 million of cash on hand. As of June 30, 2022, we also held approximately $1.7 billion of unencumbered assets, consisting of $949.0 million of senior mortgages and $765.1 million of mezzanine loans. Depending on market conditions, we may utilize additional borrowings as a source of cash, which may also include additional secured debt arrangements as well as other borrowings or conduct additional public and private debt and equity offerings.
We maintain policies relating to our use of leverage. Refer to "Leverage Policies" below. In the future, we may seek to raise further equity or debt capital or engage in other forms of borrowings in order to fund future investments or to refinance expiring indebtedness.
We generally intend to hold our assets for investment, although we may sell certain of our investments in order to manage our interest rate risk and liquidity needs, meet other operating objectives and adapt to market conditions.
To maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain. These distribution requirements limit our ability to retain earnings and replenish or increase capital for operations.
We also have interests in two unconsolidated joint ventures, each of which owns underlying properties that secure one of our first mortgage loans, respectively and are accounted for as off-balance-sheet arrangements. The unconsolidated joint ventures were deemed to be Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs"), of which we are not the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the VIEs are not consolidated in our condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2022. Our maximum exposure to loss from these commercial mortgage loans is limited to their carrying value, which as of June 30, 2022 was $227.2 million. Although there is risk of loss we have no contractual obligation to fund any additional capital into the joint ventures.
Borrowings Under Various Financing Arrangements
The table below summarizes the outstanding balances and maturities for our various financing arrangements:
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June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
 
Borrowings Outstanding(1)
Maturity (2)
Borrowings Outstanding(1)
Maturity (2)
Secured credit facilities$3,378,174 December 2025$2,256,646 October 2025
Barclays Private Securitization1,815,687 February 20261,902,684 August 2024
Total Secured debt arrangements$5,193,861 $4,159,330 
Senior secured term loans$781,250 January 2027$785,250 January 2027
Senior secured notes500,000 June 2029500,000 June 2029
Convertible senior notes575,000 February 2023575,000 February 2023
Total Borrowings $7,050,111 $6,019,580 
———————
(1)Borrowings Outstanding represent principal balances as of the respective reporting periods.
(2)Maturity dates represent weighted average maturities based on borrowings outstanding and assumes extensions at our option are exercised with consent of financing providers, where applicable.
Secured Credit Facilities
As of June 30, 2022, we had entered into secured debt arrangements with seven secured credit facilities through wholly-owned subsidiaries. Terms under various master repurchase agreements vary by secured credit facility.
Refer to "Note 7 - Secured Debt Arrangements, Net" of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure regarding our secured credit facilities.
Barclays Private Securitization
In June 2020, through a newly formed entity, we entered into a private securitization with Barclays Bank plc. As of June 30, 2022, we had £938.5 million, €448.7 million, and kr2.1 billion ($1.8 billion assuming conversion into USD) of borrowings outstanding under the Barclays Private Securitization secured by certain of our commercial mortgage loans.
Refer to "Note 7 - Secured Debt Arrangements, Net" of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure regarding our Barclays Private Securitization.
Senior Secured Term Loans
In May 2019, we entered into the $500.0 million 2026 Term Loan and in March 2021, we entered into the $300.0 million 2028 Term Loan (collectively Term Loans). The outstanding Term Loans principal balance as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $781.3 million and $785.3 million, respectively.
Refer to “Note 8 – Senior Secured Term Loans, Net” of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure regarding our 2026 Term Loan and 2028 Term Loan.”
Senior Secured Notes
In June 2021, we issued $500.0 million of 4.625% Senior Secured Notes due 2029 (the "2029 Notes"), for which we received net proceeds of $495.0 million, after offering expenses. The 2029 Notes had a carrying value of $494.4 million and $494.1 million, net of deferred financing costs of $5.6 million and $5.9 million, as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Refer to “Note 9 – Senior Secured Notes, Net” of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure regarding our 2029 Notes.
Convertible Senior Notes
In two separate offerings during 2017, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $345.0 million of 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022, for which we received $337.5 million, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. At June 30, 2022, the 2022 Notes had a carrying value of $344.9 million and an unamortized discount of $0.1 million.
During the fourth quarter of 2018, we issued $230.0 million of 5.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023, for which we received $223.7 million after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. At June 30, 2022, the 2023 Notes had a carrying value of $229.0 million and an unamortized discount of $1.0 million.
44


Refer to “Note 10 – Convertible Senior Notes, Net” of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure regarding our Convertible Notes.
Debt-to-Equity Ratio
The following table presents our debt-to-equity ratio:
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Debt to Equity Ratio(1)
3.02.4
———————
(1)Represents total debt less cash and loan proceeds held by servicer (recorded with Other Assets, refer to "Note 6 - Other Assets" for more information) to total stockholders' equity.

Leverage Policies
We use leverage for the sole purpose of financing our portfolio and not for the purpose of speculating on changes in interest rates. In addition to our secured debt arrangements and senior secured term loan, we access additional sources of borrowings. Our charter and bylaws do not limit the amount of indebtedness we can incur; however, we are subject to and carefully monitor the limits placed on us by our credit providers and those that assign ratings on our company.
At June 30, 2022, our debt-to-equity ratio was 3.0 and our portfolio was comprised of $8.2 billion of commercial mortgage loans and $753.7 million of subordinate loans and other lending assets. In order to achieve our return on equity, we generally finance our mortgage loans with 2.0 to 3.0 turns of leverage and generally do not finance our subordinate loan portfolio given built-in inherent structural leverage.
Investment Guidelines
Our current investment guidelines, approved by our board of directors, are comprised of the following:
no investment will be made that would cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
no investment will be made that would cause us to register as an investment company under the 1940 Act;
investments will be predominantly in our target assets;
no more than 20% of our net equity (on a consolidated basis) will be invested in any single investment at the time of the investment; in determining compliance with the investment guidelines, the amount of the investment is the net equity in the investment (gross investment less amount of third-party financing) plus the amount of any recourse on the financing secured by the investment; and
until appropriate investments can be identified, the Manager may invest the proceeds of any offering in interest bearing, short-term investments, including money market accounts and/or funds, that are consistent with our intention to qualify as a REIT.
The board of directors must approve any change in or waiver to these investment guidelines.
Dividends
We intend to continue to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that we pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we annually distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income. We generally intend over time to pay dividends to our stockholders in an amount equal to our net taxable income, if and to the extent authorized by our board of directors. Any distributions we make are at the discretion of our board of directors and depend upon, among other things, our actual results of operations. These results and our ability to pay distributions are affected by various factors, including the net interest and other income from our portfolio, our operating expenses and any other expenditures. If our cash available for distribution is less than our net taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash distributions or we may make a portion of the required distribution in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities.
As of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021 we had 6,770,393 shares of Series B-1 Preferred Stock outstanding. The Series B-1 Preferred Stock pay cumulative cash dividends, which are payable quarterly in equal amounts in arrears on the 15th day of each January, April, July and October: at a rate of 7.25% per annum of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference.
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Except under certain limited circumstances, the Series B-1 Preferred Stock is generally not convertible into or exchangeable for any other property or any other of our securities at the election of the holders. On and after July 15, 2026, we may, at our option, redeem the shares at a redemption price of $25.00, plus any accrued unpaid dividends to, but not including, the date of the redemption.
The following table details our dividend activity:
Three months ended Six months ended
Dividends declared per share of:June 30, 2022June 30, 2021June 30, 2022June 30, 2021
Common Stock$0.35$0.35$0.70$0.70
Series B Preferred StockN/A0.50N/A1.00
Series B-1 Preferred Stock0.45N/A0.90N/A

On July 15, 2021, we exchanged all 6,770,393 shares outstanding of our 8.00% Fixed-to-Floating Series B Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share ("Series B Preferred Stock"), with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, for 6,770,393 shares of 7.25% Series B-1 Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share ("Series B-1 Preferred Stock"), with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, pursuant to an exchange agreement with the two existing shareholders.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Distributable Earnings
Distributable Earnings, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as net income available to common stockholders, computed in accordance with GAAP, adjusted for (i) equity-based compensation expense (a portion of which may become cash-based upon final vesting and settlement of awards should the holder elect net share settlement to satisfy income tax withholding), (ii) any unrealized gains or losses or other non-cash items (including depreciation and amortization related to real estate owned) included in net income available to common stockholders, (iii) unrealized income from unconsolidated joint ventures, (iv) foreign currency gains (losses), other than (a) realized gains/(losses) related to interest income, and (b) forward point gains/(losses) realized on our foreign currency hedges, (v) the non-cash amortization expense related to the reclassification of a portion of the Convertible Notes to stockholders’ equity in accordance with GAAP, and (vi) provision for loan losses. Distributable Earnings may also be adjusted to exclude certain other non-cash items, as determined by the Manager and approved by a majority of our independent directors.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, our Distributable Earnings were $49.5 million, or $0.35 per share, and $99.0 million, or $0.69 per share, respectively, as compared to $38.8 million, or $0.27 per share, and $94.4 million, or $0.66 per share, respectively, for the same period in the prior year.
The weighted-average diluted shares outstanding used for Distributable Earnings per weighted-average diluted share has been adjusted from weighted-average diluted shares under GAAP to exclude shares issued from a potential conversion of the Convertible Notes. Consistent with the treatment of other unrealized adjustments to Distributable Earnings, these potentially issuable shares are excluded until a conversion occurs, which we believe is a useful presentation for investors. We believe that excluding shares issued in connection with a potential conversion of the Convertible Notes from our computation of Distributable Earnings per weighted average diluted share is useful to investors for various reasons, including the following: (i) conversion of Convertible Notes to shares requires both the holder of a note to elect to convert the Convertible Note and for us to elect to settle the conversion in the form of shares (ii) future conversion decisions by note holders will be based on our stock price in the future, which is presently not determinable; (iii) the exclusion of shares issued in connection with a potential conversion of the Convertible Notes from the computation of Distributable Earnings per weighted-average diluted share is consistent with how we treat other unrealized items in our computation of Distributable Earnings per weighted-average diluted share; and (iv) we believe that when evaluating our operating performance, investors and potential investors consider our Distributable Earnings relative to our actual distributions, which are based on shares outstanding and not shares that might be issued in the future.
The table below summarizes the reconciliation from weighted-average diluted shares under GAAP to the weighted-average diluted shares used for Distributable Earnings:
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Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2022202120222021
Weighted-AveragesSharesSharesSharesShares
Diluted shares - GAAP171,698,185 170,832,186 169,006,042 170,812,544 
Potential shares issued under conversion of the Convertible Notes (28,533,271)(28,533,271)(28,533,271)(28,533,271)
Unvested RSUs— — 2,738,424 — 
Diluted shares - Distributable Earnings143,164,914 142,298,915 143,211,195 142,279,273 

As a REIT, U.S. federal income tax law generally requires us to distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, and that we pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we annually distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income. Given these requirements and our belief that dividends are generally one of the principal reasons stockholders invest in a REIT, we generally intend over time to pay dividends to our stockholders in an amount equal to our net taxable income, if and to the extent authorized by our board of directors. Distributable Earnings is a key factor considered by the board of directors in setting the dividend and as such we believe Distributable Earnings is useful to investors.
As discussed in "Note 5 – Assets and Liabilities Related to Real Estate Owned, Held for Sale" during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, we recorded $20.0 million realized loss on investments reflecting the difference between the fair value of a hotel acquired through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure and the amortized cost of the loan at the time of foreclosure. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2021, we recorded an impairment of $0.6 million on our real estate owned, held for sale due to increased costs to sell.
We also believe it is useful to our investors to present Distributable Earnings prior to realized losses and impairments on real estate owned, and investments to reflect our operating results because (i) our operating results are primarily comprised of earning interest income on our investments net of borrowing and administrative costs, which comprise our ongoing operations and (ii) it has been a useful factor related to our dividend per share because it is one of the considerations when a dividend is determined. We believe that our investors use Distributable Earnings and Distributable Earnings prior to realized losses and impairments on real estate owned, investments and interest rate swap, or a comparable supplemental performance measure, to evaluate and compare the performance of our company and our peers.
A significant limitation associated with Distributable Earnings as a measure of our financial performance over any period is that it excludes unrealized gains (losses) from investments. In addition, our presentation of Distributable Earnings may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures of other companies, that use different calculations. As a result, Distributable Earnings should not be considered as a substitute for our GAAP net income as a measure of our financial performance or any measure of our liquidity under GAAP. Distributable Earnings are reduced for realized losses on loans which include losses that management believes are near certain to be realized.
The table below summarizes the reconciliation from net income available to common stockholders to Distributable Earnings and Distributable Earnings prior to realized losses and impairments on real estate owned, investments and interest rate swap ($ in thousands):
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Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
 2022202120222021
Net income available to common stockholders$67,883 $64,306 $80,053 $119,256 
Adjustments:
Equity-based compensation expense4,518 4,357 9,216 8,744 
Loss (gain) on foreign currency forwards(105,213)3,094 (127,975)(6,706)
Foreign currency loss (gain), net84,838 (4,054)117,356 3,395 
Unrealized loss (gain) on interest rate cap(3,443)111 (9,764)(246)
Realized gains (losses) relating to interest income on foreign currency hedges, net1,428 (719)5,112 (1,339)
Realized gains relating to forward points on foreign currency hedges, net394 6,623 12 
Amortization of the convertible senior notes related to equity reclassification— 812 — 1,612 
Depreciation and amortization on real estate owned— 452 704 452 
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses and impairments(944)(29,586)17,667 (30,824)
Realized losses and impairments on real estate owned and investments— 20,000 — 20,550 
Total adjustments:(18,422)(5,527)18,939 (4,350)
Distributable Earnings prior to realized losses and impairments on real estate owned and investments$49,461 $58,779 $98,992 $114,906 
Realized losses and impairments on real estate owned and investments$— $(20,000)$— $(20,550)
Distributable Earnings$49,461 $38,779 $98,992 $94,356 
Diluted Distributable Earnings per share prior to realized losses and impairments on real estate owned and investments$0.35 $0.41 $0.69 $0.81 
Diluted Distributable Earnings per share of common stock$0.35 $0.27 $0.69 $0.66 
Weighted-average diluted shares - Distributable Earnings143,164,914 142,298,915 143,211,195 142,279,273 

Book Value Per Share

The table below calculates our book value per share ($ in thousands, except per share data):
June 30, 2022December 31, 2021
Stockholders' Equity$2,273,312 $2,294,626 
     Series B-1 Preferred Stock (Liquidation Preference)(169,260)(169,260)
Common Stockholders' Equity$2,104,052 $2,125,366 
Common Stock140,590,843 139,894,060 
Book value per share$14.97 $15.19 
The table below shows the changes in our book value per share:
Book value per share
Book value per share at December 31, 2021$15.19 
General CECL Allowance0.28 
Book value per share at December 31, 2021 prior to General CECL Allowance and depreciation and amortization$15.47 
Net unrealized gain on currency and interest rate hedges0.05 
Specific CECL Allowance(0.19)
Vesting and delivery of RSUs(0.12)
Adoption of ASU 2020-06(0.02)
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Book value per share at June 30, 2022 prior to General CECL Allowance and depreciation and amortization
$15.19 
General CECL Allowance and depreciation and amortization(0.22)
Book value per share at June 30, 2022
$14.97 

We believe that presenting book value per share with sub-totals prior to the CECL Allowances and depreciation and amortization is useful for investors for various reasons, including, among other things, analyzing our compliance with financial covenants related to tangible net worth and debt-to-equity under our secured debt arrangements and senior secured term loan, which permit us to add the General CECL Allowance to our GAAP stockholders' equity. Given that our lenders consider book value per share prior to the General CECL Allowance as an important metric related to our debt covenants, we believe disclosing book value per share prior to the General CECL Allowance is important to investors such that they have the same visibility. We further believe that presenting book value before depreciation and amortization is useful to investors since it is a non-cash expense included in net income and is not representative of our core business and ongoing operations.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We seek to manage our risks related to the credit quality of our assets, interest rates, liquidity, prepayment speeds, and market value, while, at the same time, seeking to provide an opportunity to stockholders to realize attractive risk-adjusted returns through ownership of our capital stock. While risks are inherent in any business enterprise, we seek to quantify and justify risks in light of available returns and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we undertake.
Credit Risk
One of our strategic focuses is acquiring assets that we believe to be of high credit quality. We believe this strategy will generally keep our credit losses and financing costs low. However, we are subject to varying degrees of credit risk in connection with our other target assets. We seek to mitigate this risk by seeking to acquire high quality assets, at appropriate prices given anticipated and unanticipated losses, and by deploying a value-driven approach to underwriting and diligence, consistent with the Manager’s historical investment strategy, with a focus on current cash flows and potential risks to cash flow. The Manager seeks to enhance its due diligence and underwriting efforts by accessing the Manager’s knowledge base and industry contacts. Nevertheless, unanticipated credit losses could occur, which could adversely impact our operating results.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including fiscal and monetary policies, and domestic and international economic and political considerations, as well as other factors beyond our control. We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our target assets and our related financing obligations.
To the extent consistent with maintaining our REIT qualification, we seek to manage risk exposure to protect our portfolio of financial assets against the effects of major interest rate changes. We generally seek to manage this risk by:
attempting to structure our financing agreements to have a range of different maturities, terms, amortizations and interest rate adjustment periods;
using hedging instruments and interest rate swaps, when we deem appropriate; and
to the extent available and appropriate, using securitization financing to better match the maturity of our financing with the duration of our assets.
The following table estimates the hypothetical impact on our net interest income for the twelve-month period following June 30, 2022, assuming an immediate increase or decrease of 50 basis points in the applicable interest rate benchmark by currency ($ in thousands, except per share data):
50 basis point increase50 basis point decrease
Currency
Net floating rate assets subject to interest rate sensitivity
Increase to net interest income (1)(2)
Increase to net interest income (per share) (1)(2)
Decrease to net interest income (1)(2)
Decrease to net interest income (per share) (1)(2)
GBP$810,778 $4,202 $0.03 $(4,399)$(0.03)
USD799,851 5,957 0.04 (3,024)(0.02)
EUR469,497 1,432 0.01 — — 
SEK50,605 253 — (253)— 
Total:$2,130,731 $11,844 $0.08 $(7,676)$(0.05)
———————
(1)Any such hypothetical impact on interest rates on our variable rate borrowings does not consider the effect of any change in overall economic activity that could occur in a rising or falling interest rate environment. Further, in the event of a change in interest rates of that magnitude, we may take actions to further mitigate our exposure to such a change. However, due to the uncertainty of the specific actions that would be taken and their possible effects, this analysis assumes no changes in our financial structure.
(2)Certain of our floating rate loans are subject to index floors.
Prepayment Risk
Prepayment risk is the risk that principal will be repaid at a different rate than anticipated, causing the return on an asset to be less than expected. In certain cases, we adapt to prepayment risk by stating prepayment penalties in loan agreements.
Market Risk
Commercial mortgage assets are subject to volatility and may be affected adversely by a number of factors, including, but
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not limited to, national, regional and local economic conditions (which may be adversely affected by industry slowdowns and other factors); local real estate conditions; changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments; construction quality, age and design; demographic factors; retroactive changes to building or similar codes; pandemics; natural disasters and other acts of god. In addition, decreases in property values reduce the value of the collateral and the potential proceeds available to a borrower to repay the underlying loans or loans, as the case may be, which could also cause us to suffer losses. Market volatility has been particularly heightened due to the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 and its variants have disrupted economic activities and could have a continued significant adverse effect on economic and market conditions including limited lending from financial institutions, depressed asset values, and limited market liquidity.
Inflation
Virtually all of our assets and liabilities are interest rate sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates and other factors influence our performance far more so than does inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate with inflation rates or changes in inflation rates. Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and distributions are determined by our board of directors consistent with our obligation to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, excluding net capital gains and determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction, on an annual basis in order to maintain our REIT qualification. In each case, our activities and balance sheet are measured with reference to historical cost and/or fair market value without considering inflation.
Currency Risk
Some of our loans and secured debt arrangements are denominated in a foreign currency and subject to risks related to fluctuations in currency rates. We seek to mitigate this exposure through foreign currency forward contracts, which match the net principal and interest of our foreign currency loans and secured debt arrangements.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, based on their evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) required by paragraph (b) of Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15, have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to give reasonable assurances to the timely collection, evaluation and disclosure of information relating to ARI that would potentially be subject to disclosure under the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
During the period ended June 30, 2022, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover failures within ARI to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in our periodic reports.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Refer to "Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies" for further detail regarding legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
For information regarding factors that could affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, see the risk factors discussed in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not Applicable.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.

Item 6. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

3.1 
3.2
3.3 
4.1 
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4.2  
4.3
4.4
4.5
31.1*  
31.2*  
32.1*  
101.INS*  Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH*  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL*  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF*  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB*  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE*  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104*Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded with the Inline XBRL document)
*Filed herewith.


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.
July 26, 2022By:/s/ Stuart A. Rothstein
Stuart A. Rothstein
President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
July 26, 2022By:/s/ Anastasia Mironova
Anastasia Mironova
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)





















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